530-44-9Relevant articles and documents
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Iwamoto
, p. 420,425 (1935)
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Suzuki coupling of aroyl-MIDA boronate esters – A preliminary report on scope and limitations
Lai, Samson,Lin, Wen Xuan,Perrin, David M.,Takaesu, Noah
, (2021/05/31)
Recent methodological reports for synthesizing acyl-MIDA boronate esters compel an investigation of their potential use as substrates in a standard Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Here we report the production of benzophenones by C[sbnd]C cross coupling between a benzoyl-MIDA boronate ester and a multitude of aryl bromide substrates in adequate yields following optimization under ambient conditions outside of a glove box. Under these standard conditions, none of several acyl-MIDA boronate esters (in an alkyl series) serves as a competent coupling partner. The substrate scope is also limited by the finding that the corresponding trifluoroborates of both acyl- and aroyltrifluroborates are not suitable substrates. For reasons of availability and synthetic difficulty in procuring other aroyl-MIDA boronates, this preliminary study examines the reactivity of benzoyl-MIDA boronate with several aryl bromide substrates.
Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides with Amides
Li, Jinpeng,Huang, Changyu,Wen, Daheng,Zheng, Qingshu,Tu, Bo,Tu, Tao
supporting information, p. 687 - 691 (2021/01/09)
A nickel-catalyzed amination of aryl chlorides with diverse amides via C-N bond cleavage has been realized under mild conditions. A broad substrate scope with excellent functional group tolerance at a low catalyst loading makes the protocol powerful for synthesizing various aromatic amines. The aryl chlorides could selectively couple to the amino fragments rather than the carbonyl moieties of amides. Our protocol complements the conventional amination of aryl chlorides and expands the usage of inactive amides.
Trialkylammonium salt degradation: Implications for methylation and cross-coupling
Assante, Michele,Baillie, Sharon E.,Juba, Vanessa,Leach, Andrew G.,McKinney, David,Reid, Marc,Washington, Jack B.,Yan, Chunhui
, p. 6949 - 6963 (2021/06/02)
Trialkylammonium (most notably N,N,N-trimethylanilinium) salts are known to display dual reactivity through both the aryl group and the N-methyl groups. These salts have thus been widely applied in cross-coupling, aryl etherification, fluorine radiolabelling, phase-transfer catalysis, supramolecular recognition, polymer design, and (more recently) methylation. However, their application as electrophilic methylating reagents remains somewhat underexplored, and an understanding of their arylation versus methylation reactivities is lacking. This study presents a mechanistic degradation analysis of N,N,N-trimethylanilinium salts and highlights the implications for synthetic applications of this important class of salts. Kinetic degradation studies, in both solid and solution phases, have delivered insights into the physical and chemical parameters affecting anilinium salt stability. 1H NMR kinetic analysis of salt degradation has evidenced thermal degradation to methyl iodide and the parent aniline, consistent with a closed-shell SN2-centred degradative pathway, and methyl iodide being the key reactive species in applied methylation procedures. Furthermore, the effect of halide and non-nucleophilic counterions on salt degradation has been investigated, along with deuterium isotope and solvent effects. New mechanistic insights have enabled the investigation of the use of trimethylanilinium salts in O-methylation and in improved cross-coupling strategies. Finally, detailed computational studies have helped highlight limitations in the current state-of-the-art of solvation modelling of reaction in which the bulk medium undergoes experimentally observable changes over the reaction timecourse. This journal is
