53766-63-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Conformational effects on glycoside reactivity: Study of the high reactive conformer of glucose
McDonnell, Ciaran,Lopez, Oscar,Murphy, Paul,Fernandez Bolanos, Jose G.,Hazell, Rita,Bols, Mikael
, p. 12374 - 12385 (2007/10/03)
The effect of conformation on glycoside reactivity was investigated by studying the hydrolysis of a selection of 3,6-anhydroglucosides as models for glucose in the highly reactive 1C4 conformation. Methyl 3,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranoside was found to hydrolyze 200-400 times faster than methyl glucosides in the 4C1 conformation, while methyl 3,6-anhydro-β-D-galactopyranoside, which is in the B1,4 conformation, was less reactive than methyl β-D-galactopyranoside. Methyl (3,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 → 6)-α-D-glucopyranoside, methyl (3,6-anhydro-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 → 6)-α-D- glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-α-D-glucopyranoside, and methyl (3,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 → 6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-α-D-glucopyranoside were prepared and found to react selectively at the anhydro residue. The finding that 1C4 conformers of glucosides are highly reactive species is in accordance with and supports previous results showing that axial OH groups are less electron withdrawing than equatorial OH groups.
SYSTEMATIC CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS AND N.M.R. SPECTRA OF METHYL α-GLYCOSIDES OF ISOMALTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Kovac, Pavol,Lerner, Laura
, p. 87 - 112 (2007/10/02)
Acid-catalyzed thiophenolysis of 1,6-anhydro-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranose and acetylation of the resulting phenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-1-thio-α-D-glucopyranoside (4) gave phenyl 6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-1-thio-α-D-glucopyranoside (5).Reaction of 5 with chlorine gave, stereospecifically, the corresponding β-glycosyl chloride, which was treated with 4 in the presence of silver perchlorate and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine to afford phenyl O-(6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1->6)-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-1-thio-α-D-glucopyranoside (17).Crystalline O-(6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D- glucopyranosyl)-(1->6)-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl chloride, readily obtainable in a stereospecific manner from 17 by treatment with chlorine, was used as the key glycosyl (isomaltosyl) donor in the bockwise synthesis of methyl glycosides of isomalto-oligosaccharides, up to and including the octasaccharide.The methyl α-glycoside of isomaltotetraose fluorinated at C-6 of the terminal D glucopyranosyl group was prepared by using SnCl2-activated 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-6-deoxy-6-fluoro-α,β-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride as the glycosyl donor, a suitably protected methyl α-isomaltotrioside as the nucleophile, and silver perchlorate as the promoter.The n.m.r. spectra (1H- and 13C-) of numereous synthetic intermediates were analyzed and completely assigned by a variety of two-dimensional homo- and hetero-nuclear n.m.r.-spectroscopic techniques, and the final deprotected title oligosaccharides were characterized by 13C-n.m.r. data.Silver perchlorate-mediated glycosylation reactions involving β-glycosyl chlorides were high-yielding and showed high stereoselectivity for the formation of an α-(cis)-glycosidic linkage.The practical limitation of obtaining high isomalto-oligosaccharides in this way appears to lie solely in the separation technique applied for the resolution of the crude products formed.
