54126-40-8

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• 110-91-8 morpholine 
• 4858-85-9 2,3-dichloropyrazine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Room-Temperature Amination of Chloroheteroarenes in Water by a Recyclable Copper(II)-Phosphaadamantanium Sulfonate System

Buchwald-Hartwig amination of chloroheteroarenes has been a challenging synthetic process, with very few protocols promoting this important transformation at ambient temperature. The current report discusses about an efficient copper-based catalytic system (Cu/PTABS) for the amination of chloroheteroarenes at ambient temperature in water as the sole reaction solvent, a combination that is first to be reported. A wide variety of chloroheteroarenes could be coupled efficiently with primary and secondary amines as well as selected amino acid esters under mild reaction conditions. Catalytic efficiency of the developed protocol also promotes late-stage functionalization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) such as antibiotics (floxacins) and anticancer drugs. The catalytic system also performs efficiently at a very low concentration of 0.0001 mol % (TON = 980,000) and can be recycled 12 times without any appreciable loss in activity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the π-acceptor ability of the ligand PTABS is the main reason for the appreciably high reactivity of the catalytic system. Preliminary characterization of the catalytic species in the reaction was carried out using UV-VIS and ESR spectroscopy, providing evidence for the Cu(II) oxidation state.

NOVEL COMPOUNDS AS ROR GAMMA MODULATORS

The present disclosure is directed to compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring B, L, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, Ra, Rb, n, m, p and q are as defined herein, which are active as modulators of retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt). These compounds prevent, inhibit, or suppress the action of RORγt and are therefore useful in the treatment of RORγt mediated diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions such as, e.g., pain, inflammation, COPD, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND USE THEREOF AS MODULATORS OF TYPE III RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES

Provided herein are heterocyclic compounds for treatment of CSF1R, FLT3, KIT, and/or PDGFRβ kinase mediated diseases. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

Design, optimization, and biological evaluation of novel keto-benzimidazoles as potent and selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A)

Our development of PDE10A inhibitors began with an HTS screening hit (1) that exhibited both high p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux ratios in rat and human and poor metabolic stability. On the basis of cocrystal structure of 1 in human PDE10A enzyme, we designed a novel keto-benzimidazole 26 with comparable PDE10A potency devoid of efflux liabilities. On target in vivo coverage of PDE10A in rat brain was assessed using our previously reported LC-MS/MS receptor occupancy (RO) technology. Compound 26 achieved 55% RO of PDE10A at 30 mg/kg po and covered PDE10A receptors in rat brain in a dose-dependent manner. Cocrystal structure of 26 in PDE10A confirmed the binding mode of the novel scaffold. Further optimization resulted in the identification of keto-benzimidazole 34, which showed an increased in vivo efficacy of 57% RO in rats at 10 mg/kg po and an improved in vivo rat clearance and oral bioavailability.

On the nucleophilic tele-substitution of dichloropyrazines by metallated dithianes

The reaction of dichloropyrazines with a dithiane anion gave isomers of the expected formylated chloropyrazines after deprotection with methyl iodide. A tele-substitution mechanism accounts for these observations and is supported by deuterium labelling studies.