54751-01-8Relevant articles and documents
Substituted dienes prepared from betulinic acid – Synthesis, cytotoxicity, mechanism of action, and pharmacological parameters
Frydrych, Ivo,Urban, Milan,?arek, Jan,Benická, Sandra,D?ubák, Petr,Gurská, Soňa,Hajdúch, Marián,Kotulová, Jana,Li?ková, Barbora,Olejníková, Denisa,Pokorny, Jan
, (2021/07/28)
A set of new substituted dienes were synthesized from betulinic acid by its oxidation to 30-oxobetulinic acid followed by the Wittig reaction. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested in vitro in eight cancer cell lines and two noncancer fibroblasts. Almost all dienes were more cytotoxic than betulinic acid. Compounds 4.22, 4.30, 4.33, 4.39 had IC50 below 5 μmol/L; 4.22 and 4.39 were selected for studies of the mechanism of action. Cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells at 5 × IC50 concentration, where activation of irreversible changes leading to cell death can be expected. Both 4.22 and 4.39 led to the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase with partial inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis at 1 × IC50 and almost complete inhibition at 5 × IC50. Interestingly, compound 4.39 at 5 × IC50 caused the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Higher concentrations of tested drugs probably inhibit more off-targets than lower concentrations. Mechanisms disrupting cellular metabolism can induce the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Both compounds 4.22 and 4.39 trigger selective apoptosis in cancer cells via intrinsic pathway, which we have demonstrated by changes in the expression of the crucial apoptosis-related protein. Pharmacological parameters of derivative 4.22 were superior to 4.39, therefore 4.22 was the finally selected candidate for the development of anticancer drug.
4-methoxymethylpyridine synthesis method
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Paragraph 0023; 0024; 0028; 0029; 0030; 0033; 0034, (2020/02/04)
The invention relates to the field of organic chemistry, particularly to a 4-methoxymethylpyridine synthesis method, which comprises: carrying out a bromination reaction on 4-methylpyridine as a raw material to obtain 4-bromo-methylpyridine; carrying out a reaction on the 4-bromo-methylpyridine and trimethylamine to obtain (4-pyridylmethyl)trimethyl ammonium bromide; and dissolving the (4-pyridylmethyl)trimethyl ammonium bromide in methanol, adding sodium methoxide, and carrying out heating reflux for 1 h in the presence of nitrogen to obtain the 4-methoxymethylpyridine. According to the invention, by using the synthesis method, 4-methylpyridine is used as the raw material, and is subjected to the bromination reaction to obtain 4-bromo-methylpyridine, the 4-bromo-methylpyridine reacts withtrimethylamine to obtain (4-pyridylmethyl)trimethyl ammonium bromide, and finally the (4-pyridylmethyl)trimethyl ammonium bromide reacts with sodium methoxide to obtain the 4-methoxymethylpyridine; and the synthesis method is high in total yield, cheap in raw material price, short in reaction time, mild in condition and simple in process operation.
Synthesis method for 4-methoxy methylpyridine
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Paragraph 0023; 0024; 0027; 0030; 0034, (2017/11/04)
The invention belongs to the field of organic chemistry and particularly relates to a synthesis method for 4-methoxy methylpyridine. The method comprises the following steps of adopting 4-methylpyridine as a raw material and obtaining 4-bromo-methylpyridine through bromination reaction; reacting the 4-bromo-methylpyridine with trimethylamine to obtain (4-pyridylmethyl) trimethyl ammonium bromide; and dissolving the (4-pyridylmethyl) trimethyl ammonium bromide into methanol, adding sodium methylate, carrying out heating reflux under nitrogen for an hour to obtain the 4-methoxy-methyl pyridine. After the synthesis method is adopted, the 4-methylpyridine is adopted as the raw material to obtain the 4-bromo-methylpyridine through the bromination reaction, and the 4-bromo-methylpyridine reacts with the trimethylamine to obtain (4-pyridylmethyl) trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the (4-pyridylmethyl) trimethyl ammonium bromide finally reacts with the sodium methylate to obtain the 4-methoxy methylpyridine. The synthesis method is high in total yield, low in raw material price, short in reaction time, mild in condition and simple in technological operation.