57499-11-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Oligomeric flavanoids. Part 19. Reductive cleavage of the interflavanyl bond in proanthocyanidins
Steynberg, Petrus J.,Steynberg, Jan P.,Bezuidenhoudt, Barend C. B.,Ferreira, Daneel
, p. 3005 - 3012 (2007/10/03)
The interflavanyl bond in profisetinidins 1, 4 and 6, and methyl ethers 3, 5, 28 and 29 procyanidins 24 and 26, and their methyl ethers 25 and 27 is readily subject to cleavage with sodium cyanoboranuide in trifluoroacetic acid at 0 deg C.This method will contribute significantly to the structure elucidation of the 5-deoxy (A-ring) proanthocyanidins from important commercial sources.Boltzmann-averaged heterocyclic ring coupling constants as determined by a conformational global search routine (GMMX) and NOE difference spectroscopy were used to assign unequivocally the diastereotopic methylene protons in the 1H NMR spectra of flavan-3-ols, a prerequisite for corroboration of the cleavage mechanism.
Oligomeric Flavonoids. Part 16. Novel Prorobinetinidins and the First A-Type Proanthocyanidin with a 5-Deoxy A- and 3,4-cis-C-Ring from the Maiden Investigation of Commercial Wattle Bark Extract
Cronje, Annemarie,Steynberg, Jan P.,Brandt, E. Vincent,Young, Desmond A.,Ferreira, Daneel
, p. 2467 - 2478 (2007/10/02)
Structural examination of the phenolic metabolites of commercially used wattle bark extract reveals the presence of a range of novel flavonoids comprising (-)-epirobinetinidol 1, the first C-methyl proanthocyanidin, (-)-fisetinidol-(4α,8)-6-methyl-(+)-catechin 3, the first prorobinetinidins with 3,4-cis-C-ring configurations 7 and 9, and the unique A-type prorobinetinidin 11 representing the first entry amongst this class of oligoflavonoids exhibiting a 5-deoxy A- and a 3,4-cis-C-ring.They are accompanied by a range of functionalized prorobinetinidin-type tetrahydropyranochromenes 20, 23, 25 and 28 and the trimeric 'isomerization-intermediate' 32, all exhibiting the characteristic structural features that are essential for the use of 'Mimosa' exctract in cold-setting adhesives and leather-tanning applications.In addition, evidence demonstrating that the dynamic A-E conformational equilibrium of flavan-3-ol moieties in condenced tannins may be influenced by external factors is presented.
Synthesis of Condensed Tannins. Part 5. The First Angular -Triflavanoids and Their Natural Counterparts
Botha, Jacobus J.,Vivers, Phillip M.,Young, Desmond A.,Preez, I. Cornelius du,Ferreira, Daneel,et al.
, p. 527 - 533 (2007/10/02)
Angular triflavanoids comprising a group of four diastereoisomeric -bi--(+)-catechins with definable absolute configurations (2R,3S,4S-and 2R,3S,4R-2R,3S-2R,3S,4S; 2R,3S,4S- and 2R,3S,4R-2R,3S-2R,3S,4R) result from flavanyl-4-carbocation mediated condensation of (2R,3S,4R)-flavan-3,3',4,4',7-pentaol at C-6 of the (+)-catechin units of all-trans-(2R,3S,4S-2R,3S)--(-)-fisetinidol-(+)-catechin and its 3,4-cis-(2R,3S,4R-2R,3S) diastereomer respectively.The natural coexistence of some of the forementioned species of bi- and tri-flavanoids and their precursors indicate a comparable sequence of 4,8 preceding 4,6 condensation with (+)-catechin as common nucleophile.
