5884-15-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Boron-Catalyzed Dehydrative Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Arenes Using β-Hydroxyl Ketone as MVK Precursor
San, Htet Htet,Huang, Jie,Lei Aye, Seinn,Tang, Xiang-Ying
supporting information, p. 2386 - 2391 (2021/01/04)
Boron-catalyzed environmentally benign dehydrative Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indole/pyrrole and aniline derivatives with β-hydroxyl ketones has been developed for the first time. This method provides an efficient and green replacement of toxic and unst
Bromonium salts: diaryl-λ3-bromanes as halogen-bonding organocatalysts
Yoshida, Yasushi,Ishikawa, Seitaro,Mino, Takashi,Sakamoto, Masami
supporting information, p. 2519 - 2522 (2021/03/16)
Bromonium salts have been typically but infrequently used in various reactions as good leaving groups or as aryl or vinyl transfer reagents owing to their extremely high nucleofugality. Herein, we report the synthesis of novel, stable bromonium salts and
Metal-Free Dehydrogenative Double C-H Sulfuration to Access Thieno[2,3- b]indoles Using Elemental Sulfur
Liu, Jianming,Zhang, Yanyan,Yue, Yuanyuan,Wang, Zhixian,Shao, Huibin,Zhuo, Kelei,Lv, Qingzhang,Zhang, Zhiguo
, p. 12946 - 12959 (2019/09/12)
We report a base-promoted metal-free approach for the synthesis of thieno[2,3-b]indole derivatives. This method combined four C-H σ-bond cleavage reactions of two different kinds of C-H bonds and two C-S σ-bond formation processes. A series of thieno[2,3-
Quaternary Phosphonium Salts as Active Br?nsted Acid Catalysts for Friedel-Crafts Reactions
Chen, Lin,Xiao, Ben-Xian,Du, Wei,Chen, Ying-Chun
supporting information, p. 5733 - 5736 (2019/08/01)
A readily available quaternary phosphonium salt containing a trifluoroacetonyl group and a tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (BArF4-) counterion was demonstrated to be a highly active Br?nsted acid catalyst for Friedel-Crafts-type reactions of an array of electron-rich heteroarenes and aniline derivatives with isatin-derived ketimines, even at 0.1 mol % catalyst loadings.
Alkylation of Indoles with α,β-Unsaturated Ketones using Alumina in Hexanes
Zhang, Xiong,Jones-Mensah, Ebenezer,Deobald, Jackson,Magolan, Jakob
supporting information, p. 5548 - 5551 (2019/11/19)
We evaluated the influence of solvent on the alumina-promoted C3-alkylation of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones. We found that lipophilic solvents were generally superior to hydrophilic ones with hexanes offering the 3-alkyl indole products in high yields. Thus, we demonstrate an inexpensive and procedurally simple new process that pairs acidic alumina with hexanes to achieve this important Michael alkylation. The substrate scope includes twenty-four examples with reaction yields ranging from 61 to 96%. (Figure presented.).
Supported iron catalysts for Michael addition reactions
Ye, Rong,Faucher, Franco F.,Somorjai, Gabor A.
, p. 65 - 71 (2018/02/13)
Heterogeneous catalysts have been widely used for chemical transformations and offer easy product separation in addition to their high activity. Iron is an earth-abundant metal, but it has not been studied thoroughly as heterogeneous catalysts for organic
Stereospecific Decarboxylative Benzylation of Enolates: Development and Mechanistic Insight
Li, Tian-Ren,Maliszewski, Mary L.,Xiao, Wen-Jing,Tunge, Jon A.
, p. 1730 - 1734 (2018/04/14)
A palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling of enol carbonates with diarylmethyl electrophiles that are derived from secondary benzylic alcohols has been developed. This method allows the generation of a variety of β-diaryl ketones through an efficient and highly stereospecific coupling. In addition, detailed mechanistic insight into the coupling suggests that the reaction is a rare example of an intramolecular decarboxylative coupling that proceeds without crossover between reactants.
The Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Michael Acceptors Catalyzed by Magnesium and Calcium Salts
Feofanov, Mikhail N.,Anokhin, Maxim V.,Averin, Alexei D.,Beletskaya, Irina P.
, p. 5045 - 5058 (2017/10/06)
Friedel-Crafts alylation of indole and its derivatives with a variety of electron-deficient alkenes catalyzed by Mg and Ca salts has been studied. The dependence of the results on the nature of the starting olefins, substituents on indole, and Michael acc
Reaction Mechanism of Iodine-Catalyzed Michael Additions
Von Der Heiden, Daniel,Bozkus, Seyma,Klussmann, Martin,Breugst, Martin
, p. 4037 - 4043 (2017/04/28)
Molecular iodine, an easy to handle solid, has been successfully employed as a catalyst in different organic transformations for more than 100 years. Despite being active even in very small amounts, the origin of this remarkable catalytic effect is still unknown. Both a halogen bond mechanism as well as hidden Br?nsted acid catalysis are frequently discussed as possible explanations. Our kinetic analyses reveal a reaction order of 1 in iodine, indicating that higher iodine species are not involved in the rate-limiting transition state. Our experimental investigations rule out hidden Br?nsted acid catalysis by partial decomposition of I2 to HI and suggest a halogen bond activation instead. Finally, molecular iodine turned out to be a similar if not superior catalyst for Michael additions compared with typical Lewis acids.
Br2 as a novel Lewis acid catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones
Liang, Deqiang,Li, Xiangguang,Zhang, Wanshun,Li, Yanni,Zhang, Mi,Cheng, Ping
supporting information, p. 1027 - 1030 (2016/02/16)
The inexpensive Br2 can serve as a novel Lewis acid catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones. Under the catalysis of only 3 mol % of Br2, this Michael addition proceeded smoothly with high effici
