59722-22-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Antiarrhythmic Hit to Lead Refinement in a Dish Using Patient-Derived iPSC Cardiomyocytes
Cashman, John R.,Ryan, Daniel,McKeithan, Wesley L.,Okolotowicz, Karl,Gomez-Galeno, Jorge,Johnson, Mark,Sampson, Kevin J.,Kass, Robert S.,Pezhouman, Arash,Karagueuzian, Hrayr S.,Mercola, Mark
, p. 5384 - 5403 (2021/05/29)
Ventricular cardiac arrhythmia (VA) arises in acquired or congenital heart disease. Long QT syndrome type-3 (LQT3) is a congenital form of VA caused by cardiac sodium channel (INaL) SCN5A mutations that prolongs cardiac action potential (AP) and enhances INaL current. Mexiletine inhibits INaL and shortens the QT interval in LQT3 patients. Above therapeutic doses, mexiletine prolongs the cardiac AP. We explored structure-activity relationships (SAR) for AP shortening and prolongation using dynamic medicinal chemistry and AP kinetics in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Using patient-derived LQT3 and healthy hiPSC-CMs, we resolved distinct SAR for AP shortening and prolongation effects in mexiletine analogues and synthesized new analogues with enhanced potency and selectivity for INaL. This resulted in compounds with decreased AP prolongation effects, increased metabolic stability, increased INaL selectivity, and decreased avidity for the potassium channel. This study highlights using hiPSC-CMs to guide medicinal chemistry and "drug development in a dish".
Amino-acid amide derivatives, agricultural or horticultural fungicides, and method for producing the same
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention provides an agricultural or horticultural fungicide including an effective amount of an amino-acid derivative represented by the formula: STR1 wherein R1 represents a lower alkyl group (optionally having at least one same or different substituent of a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, and a cyano group), R2 represents an ethyl group, or an n-propyl group, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, R5, R6, and R7 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R8 represents a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl group, Z1 and Z2 independently represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, Z3 represents an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom, Q represents a phenyl group, m represents an integer from 0 to 2, and n represents 0 or 1. The amino-acid amide derivatives according to the present invention exhibit superior control of cucumber downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), tomato late blight (Phytophthora infestans), and grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), and are effective for potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans). In addition, the agricultural or horticultural fungicides of the present invention are also characterized in that they are not harmful chemicals and exhibit excellent characteristics such as systemic action, residual activity, and persistence after rain-fall.
