5985-99-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Chemical Synthesis:
(R)-2-Propylpiperidine is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Its unique structure allows it to be a valuable building block for the creation of more complex molecules, which can be further utilized in different industries.
Used in Pharmaceutical Applications:
(R)-2-Propylpiperidine is used as a key component in the development of pharmaceutical drugs. Its presence in the molecular structure of certain medications can contribute to their therapeutic effects, making it an essential part of the drug discovery process.
Used in Research and Development:
(R)-2-Propylpiperidine is used as a research compound in academic and industrial laboratories. Its unique properties and potential applications make it an interesting subject for scientific exploration, leading to new discoveries and innovations in the field of chemistry and medicine.

Upstream product

• 3238-60-6 rac-coniine 
• 273404-63-0 3-{bis[(S)-2-acetoxypropanoyl]amino}-2-diphenylmethylquinazolin-4(3H)-one 
• 121044-85-7 (E)-octa-5,7-dien-1-amine 
• 215720-34-6 tert-butyl (5-oxooctyl)carbamate 
• 85908-96-9 2-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester 
• 1604-01-9 6-propyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine 
• 102694-53-1 (S)-1-Benzyl-2-((E)-propenyl)-piperidine 
• 88056-95-5 (1S,2R)-1-Phenyl-2-((S)-2-propyl-piperidin-1-yl)-propan-1-ol 

Downstream Products

• 18881-13-5 (+)-coniceine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Structure, activity and stereoselectivity of NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases catalysing the S-selective reduction of the imine substrate 2-methylpyrroline

Oxidoreductases from Streptomyces sp. GF3546 [3546-IRED], Bacillus cereus BAG3X2 (BcIRED) and Nocardiopsis halophila (NhIRED) each reduce prochiral 2-methylpyrroline (2MPN) to (S)-2-methylpyrrolidine with >95 % ee and also a number of other imine substrates with good selectivity. Structures of BcIRED and NhIRED have helped to identify conserved active site residues within this subgroup of imine reductases that have S selectivity towards 2MPN, including a tyrosine residue that has a possible role in catalysis and superimposes with an aspartate in related enzymes that display R selectivity towards the same substrate. Mutation of this tyrosine residue - Tyr169 - in 3546-IRED to Phe resulted in a mutant of negligible activity. The data together provide structural evidence for the location and significance of the Tyr residue in this group of imine reductases, and permit a comparison of the active sites of enzymes that reduce 2MPN with either R or S selectivity.

Characterization of three novel enzymes with imine reductase activity

Imine reductases (IRED) are promising catalysts for the synthesis of optically pure secondary cyclic amines. Three novel IREDs from Paenibacillus elgii B69, Streptomyces ipomoeae 91-03 and Pseudomonas putida KT2440 were identified by amino acid or structural similarity search, cloned and recombinantly expressed in E. coli and their substrate scope was investigated. Besides the acceptance of cyclic amines, also acyclic amines could be identified as substrates for all IREDs. For the IRED from P. putida, a crystal structure (PDB-code 3L6D) is available in the database, but the function of the protein was not investigated so far. This enzyme showed the highest apparent E-value of approximately Eapp = 52 for (R)-methylpyrrolidine of the IREDs investigated in this study. Thus, an excellent enantiomeric purity of >99% and 97% conversion was reached in a biocatalytic reaction using resting cells after 24 h. Interestingly, a histidine residue could be confirmed as a catalytic residue by mutagenesis, but the residue is placed one turn aside compared to the formally known position of the catalytic Asp187 of Streptomyces kanamyceticus IRED.

Expanded substrate scope and catalyst optimization for the catalytic kinetic resolution of N-heterocycles

The scope, reactivity, and selectivity of the chiral hydroxamic acid-catalyzed kinetic resolution of chiral amines are improved by a new catalyst structure and a more environmentally friendly reaction protocol. In addition to increasing selectivity across all substrates, these conditions make possible the resolution of N-heterocycles containing lactams or other basic functional groups that can inhibit the catalyst.

Practical highly enantioselective synthesis of propargylamines through a copper-catalyzed one-pot three-component condensation reaction

The one-pot three-component reaction of terminal alkynes, aldehydes and secondary amines in the presence of copper(1) bromide/quinap is reported. The reaction scope has been determined and a broad variety of all three components has been used, which afforded the corresponding propargylamines in good to excellent yields and moderate to very good enantioselectivities. The reaction showed a strong positive nonlinear effect. The transformation of a propargylamine intermediate into the alkaloid (S-(+)-coniine has also been described.

Mn-mediated coupling of alkyl iodides and chiral N-acylhydrazones: Optimization, scope, and evidence for a radical mechanism

Stereoselective radical additions have excellent potential as mild, nonbasic carbon-carbon bond constructions for direct asymmetric amine synthesis. Efficient intermolecular radical addition to C=N bonds with acyclic stereocontrol has previously been limited mainly to secondary and tertiary radicals, a serious limitation from the perspective of synthetic applications. Here, we provide full details of the use of photolysis with manganese carbonyl to mediate stereoselective intermolecular radical addition to N-acylhydrazones. Photolysis (300 nm) of alkyl halides and hydrazones in the presence of Mn 2(CO)10 and InCl3 as a Lewis acid led to reductive radical addition; diastereomer ratios ranged from 93:7 to 98:2 at ca. 35 °C. The reaction tolerates additional functionality in either reactant, enabling subsequent transformations as shown in an efficient asymmetric synthesis of coniine. A series of hydrazones bearing different substituents on the oxazolidinone auxiliary were compared; consistently high diastereocontrol revealed that the identity of the substituent had little practical effect on the diastereoselectivity. Further mechanistic control experiments confirmed the intermediacy of radicals and showed that independently prepared alkyl- or acylmanganese pentacarbonyl compounds do not undergo efficient addition to the N-acylhydrazones under thermal or photolytic (300 nm) conditions. These Mn-mediated conditions avoid toxic tin reagents and enable stereoselective intermolecular radical additions to C=N bonds with the broadest range of alkyl halides yet reported, including previously ineffective primary alkyl halides.

Practical highly enantioselective synthesis of terminal propargylamines. An expeditious synthesis of (S)-(+)-coniine

The one-pot three-component addition reaction of trimethylsilylacetylene, aldehydes and dibenzylamine provides in the presence of CuBr/Quinap as catalyst, various enantiomerically enriched propargylamines in good yields (up to 99%) and excellent enantiomeric excess (up to 98% ee) which can be used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of the alkaloid (S)-(+)-coniine.

Efficient asymmetric hydrogenation of pyridines

Up to four stereocenters can be created efficiently in a single step by the asymmetric hydrogenation of oxazolidinone-substituted pyridines (see scheme). Furthermore, selective chirality transfer and nondestructive cleavage of the chiral auxiliary occur under the same reaction conditions, making an additional cleavage step unnecessary.

Intramolecular Hydroamination/Cyclization of Conjugated Aminodienes Catalyzed by Organolanthanide Complexes. Scope, Diastereo- and Enantioselectivity, and Reaction Mechanism

Organolanthanide complexes of the general type Cp′ 2LnCH(TMS)2 (Cp′ = η5-Me 5C5; Ln = La, Sm, Y; TMS = SiMe3) and CGCSmN(TMS)2 (CGC = Me2Si(η5-Me 4C5)(tBuN)) serve as effective precatalysts for the rapid, regioselective, and highly diastereoselective intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of primary and secondary amines tethered to conjugated dienes. The rates of aminodiene cyclizations are significantly more rapid than those of the corresponding aminoalkenes. This dienyl group rate enhancement as well as substituent group (R) effects on turnover frequencies is consistent with proposed transition state electronic demands. Kinetic and mechanistic data parallel monosubstituted aminoalkene hydroamination/cyclization, with turnover-limiting C=C insertion into the Ln-N bond to presumably form an Ln-η3 allyl intermediate, followed by rapid protonolysis of the resulting Ln-C linkage. The rate law is first-order in [catalyst] and zero-order in [aminodiene]. However, depending on the particular substrate and catalyst combination, deviations from zero-order kinetic behavior reflect competitive product inhibition or self-inhibition by substrate. Lanthanide ionic radius effects and ancillary ligation effects on turnover frequencies suggest a sterically more demanding Ln-N insertion step than in aminoalkene cyclohydroamination, while a substantially more negative ΔS? implies a more highly organized transition state. Good to excellent diastereoselectivity is obtained in the synthesis of 2,5-trans-disubstituted pyrrolidines (80% de) and 2,6-cis-disubstituted piperidines (99% de). Formation of 2-(prop-1-enyl)piperidine using the chiral C1-symmetric precatalyst (S)-Me2Si(OHF)(CpR* )SmN(TMS)2 (OHF = η5-octahydrofluorenyl; Cp = η5-C5H3; R* = (-)-menthyl) proceeds with up to 71% ee. The highly stereoselective feature of aminodiene cyclization is demonstrated by concise syntheses of naturally occurring alkaloids, (±)-pinidine and (+)-coniine from simple diene precursors.

Highly stereoselective intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of conjugated aminodienes catalyzed by organolanthanides

Efficient intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization of primary and secondary conjugated aminodienes can be effected by using organolanthanide precatalysts of the type Cp-2LnCH(TMS)2 (Cp- = η5-Me5C5; Ln = La, Sm, Y; TMS = SiMe3) and CGCSmN(TMS)2 (CGC = Me2Si(η5-Me4C5)(tBuN)). The transformation proceeds cleanly (≥ 90% conversion) at 25-60 °C with good rates and high regioselectivities, and with electronic effects leading to significant rate enhancements. Some features of the reaction parallel monosubstituted aminoalkene hydroamination/cyclization, including rate law (zero order in [aminodiene]), and rate enhancements observed with larger lanthanide ionic radii and/or more open catalyst ligation structures. Good to excellent diastereoselectivity is obtained in the synthesis of 2,5-trans-disubstituted pyrrolidines (80% de) and 2,6-cis-disubstituted piperidines (99% de) with using the corresponding α-methyl aminodiene precursors. Formation of 2-(prop-1-enyl)piperidine with the chiral C1-symmetric precatalyst (S)-Me2Si(OHF)(CpR*)SmN(TMS)2 (OHF = η5-octahydrofluorenyl; Cp = η5-C5H3; R* = (-)-menthyl) proceeds with up to 69% ee. Copyright