609-19-8

Usage

Uses

Used in Chemical Synthesis:
3,4,5-Trichlorophenol is used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of various organic compounds and polymers. Its reactivity and functional groups make it a valuable building block in the production of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other specialty chemicals.
Used in Wood Preservation:
In the wood preservation industry, 3,4,5-trichlorophenol is used as a biocidal agent to protect wood from decay, fungi, and insect infestation. Its chemical properties allow it to penetrate wood fibers and provide long-lasting protection against wood-destroying organisms.
Used in Water Treatment:
3,4,5-Trichlorophenol is employed in water treatment processes as an algicide and microbiocide to control the growth of algae and microorganisms in water systems. Its ability to inhibit the growth of these organisms helps maintain water quality and prevent the spread of waterborne diseases.
Used in Rubber Industry:
In the rubber industry, 3,4,5-trichlorophenol is used as a vulcanizing agent to improve the strength, elasticity, and durability of rubber products. Its chemical properties enable it to react with rubber molecules, creating cross-links that enhance the material's performance characteristics.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

3,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL may be incompatible with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides and oxidizing agents. .

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for 3,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL are not available; however, 3,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL is probably combustible.

Purification Methods

Crystallise the phenol from pet ether/*benzene mixture. [Beilstein 6 III 729.]

InChI:InChI=1/C6H3Cl3O/c7-4-1-3(10)2-5(8)6(4)9/h1-2,10H

Upstream product

• 862248-93-9 (3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid 
• 2106-38-9 3,4,5-trichlorobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate 
• 51225-20-8 1,3-dichloro-5-ethoxy-2-aminobenzene 
• 87-61-6 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene 
• 59190-61-3 3,4,5-trichlorophenyl acetate 
• 942069-95-6 3,4,5-trichlorophenylboronic acid pinacol ester 
• 288-32-4 1H-imidazole 
• 591-35-5 3,5-dichlorophenol 
• 634-91-3 3,4,5-trichloroaniline 
• 54135-82-9 3,4,5-trichloroanisole 
• 26271-75-0 3,5-dichloro-4-aminophenol 

Downstream Products

• 500878-30-8 3,4,5-trichloro-2,6-bis-hydroxymethyl-phenol 
• 584-33-8 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachloro-2,2'-methanediyl-di-phenol 
• 339364-72-6 2,6-dibromo-3,4,5-trichloro-phenol 
• 100606-61-9 2-amino-3,4,5-trichlorophenol 
• 36765-90-9 O,O-dimethyl-O-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-thiophosphate 
• 57653-84-6 2-bromo-3,4,5-trichlorophenol 
• 63349-87-1 Methyl α-(3,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)-α-[p-(p-chlorophenoxy)-phenyl]acetate 
• 492-88-6 3-ethoxysalicylaldehyde 
• 120901-84-0 1,2,3-trichloro-5-(phenylmethoxy)benzene 
• 27728-26-3 2,6-dibromo-3,5-dichloro-[1,4]benzoquinone 
• 80496-87-3 2-(3,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid 
• 51570-98-0 2-Aminomethyl-3,4,5-trichloro-phenol; hydrochloride 
• 57117-42-7 1,2,3,6,7-pentachlorodibenzofuran 
• 83704-34-1 1,2,8-trichlorodibenzofuran 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

ARYL HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS KV1.3 POTASSIUM SHAKER CHANNEL BLOCKERS

A compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, is described, wherein the substituents are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and method of using the same are also described.

ARYLMETHYLENE HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS KV1.3 POTASSIUM SHAKER CHANNEL BLOCKERS

A compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is described, wherein the substituents are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and method of using the same are also described.

Catalysis and inhibition of ester hydrolysis in the presence of resorcinarene hosts functionalized with dimethylamino groups

Complexation and catalysis of two calixresorcinarene (RES) derivatives with nucleophilic N,N-dimethylamino functions attached to their upper rims in the hydrolysis of carboxylate and sulfonate esters of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol have been investigated. Rate constants obey the complexation equation: kobs = kb × Ks + k c[Host]/Ks + [Host] Values of the dissociation constant (Ks) of the complexes are within the range exhibited by other systems such as cyclodextrins-ester complexes. The reactions of sulfonate esters only exhibit inhibition by the macrocyclic hosts. The reactions of the carboxylate esters exhibit catalysis and inhibition depending on the pH of the system. It is proposed that the dimethylamino function in RES3 and RES5 behaves as a nucleophile to form a reactive acylammonium species which subsequently decomposes and regenerates the catalytic amine. In the reaction of substituted phenyl acetates with RES3 the effective charge on the leaving oxygen in the complexed state (+0.88) is slightly more positive than that in the free ester (+0.70). The effective charge on the leaving oxygen in the transition structure is substantially more positive (+0.04 units) than in a model intramolecular reaction of tertiary dimethylamines with aryl esters (-0.53 units). The influence of the host on the reaction in the complex includes an electronic component which is ascribed to solvation of the transition structure of the rate-limiting step by water molecules located within the cavity of the host. It is suggested that this solvation is stronger than that occurring in the transition state for the model intramolecular reaction. Copyright

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS

The present invention relates to inhibitors of serotonin and/or norepinephrine reuptake and specifically provides compounds of formula (I): wherein A is selected from -O- and -S-; X is selected from C1-C8 alkyl, C2-C8 alkenyl, and C4-C8 cycloalkylalkyl, each of which may be optionally substituted with up to 3 substituents each independently selected from phenyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, halo, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkyl-S(O)n- where n is 0, 1 or 2, -CF3, -CN and -CONH2; Y is selected from (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) where R3, R4and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkyl-S(O)n- where n is 0, 1 or 2, nitro, acetyl, -CF3, -SCF3 and cyano; R6 and R7 are independently selected from halo, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkyl-S(O)n- where n is 0, 1 or 2, nitro, acetyl, -CF3, -SCF3 and cyano; R8 is selected from chloro, bromo, iodo, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkyl-S(O)n- where n is 0, 1 or 2, nitro, acetyl, -CF3, -SCF3 and cyano; R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; or compositions thereof and methods of using the same.

Process for the synthesis of phenols from arenes

A process to synthesize substituted phenols such as those of the general formula RR′R″Ar(OH) wherein R, R′, and R″ are each independently hydrogen or any group which does not interfere in the process for synthesizing the substituted phenol including, but not limited to, halo, alkyl, alkoxy, carboxylic ester, amine, amide; and Ar is any variety of aryl or hetroaryl by means of oxidation of substituted arylboronic esters is described. In particular, a metal-catalyzed C—H activation/borylation reaction is described, which when followed by direct oxidation in a single or separate reaction vessel affords phenols without the need for any intermediate manipulations. More particularly, a process wherein Ir-catalyzed borylation of arenes using pinacolborane (HBPin) followed by oxidation of the intermediate arylboronic ester by OXONE is described.

C-H activation/borylation/oxidation: A one-pot unified route to meta-substituted phenols bearing ortho-/para-directing groups

An efficient one-pot C-H activation/borylation/oxidation protocol for the preparation of phenols is described. This method is particularly attractive for the generation of meta-substituted phenols bearing ortho-/para-directing groups, as such substrates are difficult to access by other phenol syntheses. Copyright

Identification of surrogate compounds for the emission of PCDD/F (I-TEQ value) and evaluation of their on-line realtime detectability in flue gases of waste incineration plants by REMPI-TOFMS mass spectrometry

Correlations between products of incomplete combustion (PIC), e.g., chloroaromatic compounds, can be used to characterise the emissions from combustion processes, like municipal or hazardous waste incineration. A possible application of such relationships may be the on-line real-time monitoring of a characteristic surrogate, e.g., with Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (REMPI-TOFMS). In this paper, we report the relationships of homologues and individual congeners of chlorinated benzenes (PCBz), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) and phenols (PCPh) to the International Toxicity Equivalent (I-TEQ) of the PCDD/F (I-TEQ value) in the flue gas and stack gas of a 22 MW hazardous waste incinerator (HWI). As the REMPI detection sensitivity is decreasing with the increase of the degree of chlorination, this study focuses on the lower chlorinated species of the compounds mentioned above. Lower chlorinated species, e.g., chlorobenzene (MCBz), 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2,4,6-trichlorodibenzofuran or 2,4-dichlorophenol, were identified as I-TEQ surrogates in the flue gas. In contrast to the higher chlorinated phenols, the lower chlorinated phenols (degree of chlorination 4) were not reliable as surrogates in the stack gas. The identified surrogates are evaluated in terms of their detectability by REMPI-TOFMS laser mass spectrometry. The outcome is that MCBz is the best suited surrogate for (indirect) on-line measuring of the I-TEQ value in the flue gas by REMPI-TOFMS. The correlation coefficient r of the MCBz concentration to the I-TEQ in the flue gas was 0.85.

Reactions within Association Complexes: The Reaction of Imidazole with Substituted Phenyl Acetates in the Presence of Detergents in Aqueous Solution

The bimolecular rate constants for reaction of imidazole with phenyl acetates complexed with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles obey Bronsted equations with βlg similar to that of the reaction in aqueous solution. The dissociation constants of ester (KS) and the hypothetical dissociation constant (KTS) of the transition state of the micelle complexes obey Hansch equations with similar sensitivities (p) to π (-0.66 and -0.589 for KS and -0.735 and -0.495 for KTS, respectively). The slopes also indicate that the microsolvation environments associated with the transition state and the complexed ester have aqueous character. The relative values of KTS and KS indicate that the transition state of the reaction of imidazole with ester is more weakly complexed to both micelles than is the reactant ester. Log KTS values are linear functions of log KS for reactions with both CTAB and SDS; the slopes are, respectively, -0.893 and -1.19 consistent with a slightly more "water-like" medium for the transition state than for the site of binding of ester with CTAB-micelle and slightly less for the SDS-micelle. The results for ester and transition state are consistent with the location of the phenyl residue in a hydrophobic region that possesses water molecules. It is concluded that the acetyl group in the complexed transition state is located in an aqueous part of the Stern region, whereas the phenyl residue is in a part of the Stern region that possesses alkane components. The derived kinetic and complexation parameters in these experiments refer to micelles with Stern regions that have been maintained at constant ionic compositions.

(1,2-dichloro-8-oxo-5a-substituted-5a,6,7,8-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-yl)alkanoic acids and alkanimidamides

The invention relates to novel (1,2-dichloro-8-oxo-5a-substituted-5a,6,7,8-tetrahydrodibenzofuran-3-yl)alkanoic acids and alkanimidamides, their derivatives and their salts. The compounds are useful for the treatment and prevention of injury to the brain and of edema due to head trauma, stroke (particularly ischemic), arrested breathing, cardiac arrest, Reye's syndrome, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral tumors, encephalomyelitis, spinal cord injury, hydrocephalus, post-operative brain injury trauma, edema due to cerebral infections including that due to AIDS virus, various brain concussions and elevated intracranial pressure.

Reactivity Dependence on the Crystalline State. Reaction of Gaseous Chlorine on Solid Phenols

Reaction of gaseous chlorine on powders of 3,5-dichlorophenol (A), 2,6-dimethylphenol (B), 1 : 1 molecular compound between A and B (C) and the mixture of equimolar amounts of powders of A and B (D) is studied under different experimental conditions.When the molecules are engaged in the compound C, the reactivity of the least reactive molecules (A) decreases while the reactivity of the most reactive molecules (B) increases.An attempt is made to interpret the results from the crystalline structures of A, B and C.