610257-65-3Relevant articles and documents
Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells Based on Alkylthio and Fluorine Substituted 2D-Conjugated Polymers Reach 9.5% Efficiency
Bin, Haijun,Zhang, Zhi-Guo,Gao, Liang,Chen, Shanshan,Zhong, Lian,Xue, Lingwei,Yang, Changduk,Li, Yongfang
, p. 4657 - 4664 (2016)
Non-fullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs) with solution-processable n-type organic semiconductor (n-OS) as acceptor have seen rapid progress recently owing to the synthesis of new low bandgap n-OS, such as ITIC. To further increase power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices, it is of a great challenge to develop suitable polymer donor material that matches well with the low bandgap n-OS acceptors thus providing complementary absorption and nanoscaled blend morphology, as well as suppressed recombination and minimized energy loss. To address this challenge, we synthesized three medium bandgap 2D-conjugated bithienyl-benzodithiophene-alt-fluorobenzotriazole copolymers J52, J60, and J61 for the application as donor in the PSCs with low bandgap n-OS ITIC as acceptor. The three polymers were designed with branched alkyl (J52), branched alkylthio (J60), and linear alkylthio (J61) substituent on the thiophene conjugated side chain of the benzodithiophene (BDT) units for studying effect of the substituents on the photovoltaic performance of the polymers. The alkylthio side chain, red-shifted absorption down-shifted the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and improved crystallinity of the 2D conjugated polymers. With linear alkylthio side chain, the tailored polymer J61 exhibits an enhanced JSC of 17.43 mA/cm2, a high VOC of 0.89 V, and a PCE of 9.53% in the best non-fullerene PSCs with the polymer as donor and ITIC as acceptor. To the best of our knowledge, the PCE of 9.53% is one of the highest values reported in literature to date for the non-fullerene PSCs. The results indicate that J61 is a promising medium bandgap polymer donor in non-fullerene PSCs.
FUSED BICYCLIC COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN
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Page/Page column 58; 71, (2021/02/12)
Provided herein are compounds that are useful in the treatment of pain in a subject. Also provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and methods of treating pain in a subject in need thereof.
A comprehensive assessment of a new series of 5′,6′-difluorobenzotriazole-acrylonitrile derivatives as microtubule targeting agents (MTAs)
Riu, Federico,Sanna, Luca,Ibba, Roberta,Piras, Sandra,Bordoni, Valentina,Scorciapino, M. Andrea,Lai, Michele,Sestito, Simona,Bagella, Luigi,Carta, Antonio
, (2021/06/16)
Microtubules (MTs) are the principal target for drugs acting against mitosis. These compounds, called microtubule targeting agents (MTAs), cause a mitotic arrest during G2/M phase, subsequently inducing cell apoptosis. MTAs could be classified in two groups: microtubule stabilising agents (MSAs) and microtubule destabilising agents (MDAs). In this paper we present a new series of (E) (Z)-2-(5,6-difluoro-(1H)2H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-1(2)-yl)-3-(R)acrylonitrile (9a-j, 10e, 11a,b) and (E)-2-(1H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)-3-(R)acrylonitrile derivatives (13d,j), which were recognised to act as MTAs agents. They were rationally designed, synthesised, characterised and subjected to different biological assessments. Computational docking was carried out in order to investigate the potential binding to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin. From this first prediction, the di-fluoro substitution seemed to be beneficial for the binding affinity with tubulin. The new fluorine derivatives, here presented, showed an improved antiproliferative activity when compared to the previously reported compounds. The biological evaluation included a preliminary antiproliferative screening on NCI60 cancer cells panel (1–10 μM). Compound 9a was selected as lead compound of the new series of derivatives. The in vitro XTT assay, flow cytometry analysis and immunostaining performed on HeLa cells treated with 9a showed a considerable antiproliferative effect, (IC50 = 3.2 μM), an increased number of cells in G2/M-phase, followed by an enhancement in cell division defects. Moreover, β-tubulin staining confirmed 9a as a MDA triggering tubulin disassembly, whereas colchicine-9a competition assay suggested that compound 9a compete with colchicine for the binding site on tubulin. Then, the co-administration of compound 9a and an extrusion pump inhibitor (EPI) was investigated: the association resulted beneficial for the antiproliferative activity and compound 9a showed to be client of extrusion pumps. Finally, structural superimposition of different colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBIs) in clinical trial and our MDA, provided an additional confirmation of the targeting to the predicted binding site. Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and druglikeness predictions were also conducted and all the newly synthesised derivatives showed to be drug-like molecules.
Blue-light-promoted radical C-H azolation of cyclic nitrones enabled by Selectfluor
Akulov, Alexey A.,Varaksin, Mikhail V.,Tsmokalyuk, Anton N.,Charushin, Valery N.,Chupakhin, Oleg N.
supporting information, p. 2049 - 2057 (2021/03/26)
An original approach to achieve the C(sp2)-H azolation of cyclic aldonitrones mediated by Selectfluor has first been employed. By exploiting a metal-free, visible-light-promoted cross-dehydrogenative C-N coupling reaction between model aldonitrones, 2H-imidazole 1-oxides, and NH-containing azoles, a series of novel azaheterocyclic derivatives have been obtained in yields up to 94%. The elaborated protocol has proved to be appropriate for gram-scale processes and displayed potential for utilization in the synthesis of novel structural analogues of lanabecestat. Besides, mechanistic studies have revealed that this coupling reaction is likely to proceedviaa nitroxide-involving radical pathway, encompassing a chain of electron transfer events, such as hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer (SET).
Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Benzotriazoles via Rapid Diazotization and Intramolecular Cyclization of 1,2-Aryldiamines
Faggyas, Réka J.,Sloan, Nikki L.,Buijs, Ned,Sutherland, Andrew
, p. 5344 - 5353 (2019/05/21)
An operationally simple method has been developed for the preparation of N-unsubstituted benzotriazoles by diazotization and intramolecular cyclization of a wide range of 1,2-aryldiamines under mild conditions, using a polymer-supported nitrite reagent and p-tosic acid. The functional group tolerance of this approach was further demonstrated with effective activation and cyclization of N-alkyl, -aryl, and -acyl ortho-aminoanilines leading to the synthesis of N1-substituted benzotriazoles. The synthetic utility of this one-pot heterocyclization process was exemplified with the preparation of a number of biologically and medicinally important benzotriazole scaffolds, including an α-amino acid analogue.
Facile synthesis of benzotriazole derivatives using nanoparticles of organosilane-based nitrite ionic liquid immobilized on silica and two room-temperature nitrite ionic liquids
Valizadeh, Hassan,Gholipour, Hamid,Mahmoodian, Manzar
, p. 2801 - 2808 (2013/08/15)
Nanoparticles of organosilane-based nitrite ionic liquid immobilized on silica, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrite, and 1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3- methylimidazolium nitrite were used as effective reagents for the preparation of benzotriazole derivatives from 1,2-diaminobenzenes at room temperature under mild solvent-free conditions. These ionic liquids play as nitrosonium sources in this procedure.1,2-Diaminobenzene derivatives have been treated with ionic liquids to give the related diaminobenzenes in very good to excellent yields in short reaction times. Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications for the full experimental and spectral details.
Conjugated side-chain-isolated D-A copolymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-alt-dithienylbenzotriazole: Synthesis and photovoltaic properties
Min, Jie,Zhang, Zhi-Guo,Zhang, Siyuan,Li, Yongfang
, p. 3247 - 3254 (2015/03/18)
Conjugated side-chain-isolated D-A copolymers, based on the donor unit of benzodithiophene (BDT) with a thiophene-conjugated side chain, thiophene π bridge, and the acceptor unit of benzotriazole (BTA) with or without fluorine substitution (PBDT-FBTA and PBDT-HBTA), were designed and synthesized for elucidating their structure-property relationships. The copolymer films demonstrated well-defined absorption peaks with steep absorption edges, consistent with their rigid and ordered structures in the solid films. The substitution of a thiophene-conjugated side chain on the BDT unit in the copolymers aroused 15-nm red-shifted absorption in comparison with its polymer analogues with alkoxy side chains on the BDT unit. Compared to PBDT-HBTA, PBDT-FBTA with two-fluorine-atom substitution on the BTA unit demonstrated a lower highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, higher hole mobility, and significantly better photovoltaic performance. A polymer solar cell (PSC) based on PBDT-FBTA/PC70BM (1:2, w/w) with a 5% 1,8-diiodooctane additive displayed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.0% with a Jsc of 11.9 mA cm-2, a VOC of 0.75 V, and a fill factor of 67.2%, under the illumination of AM1.5G, 100 mW cm-2. Even at a thicker active layer of 400 nm, the PSC still demonstrated a higher PCE of 4.74%. The results indicate that PBDT-FBTA is a promising polymer donor material for future application of large-area PSCs.
4,5-Difluoro-1,2-dehydrobenzene: Generation and cycloaddition reactions
Charushin, Valery N.,Kotovskaya, Svetlana K.,Romanova, Svetlana A.,Chupakhin, Oleg N.,Tomilov, Yury V.,Nefedov, Oleg M.
, p. 45 - 46 (2007/10/03)
The oxidation of 1-amino-5,6-difluorobenzotriazole with Pb(OAc) 4 in dry CH2Cl2 afforded 4,5-difluoro-1,2-dehydrobenzene, a new active intermediate, which can be used in situ for the synthesis of fluorinated carbo- and heterocyclic compounds via cycloaddition reactions.
