6114-18-7Relevant articles and documents
Electrophysiological responses of bactrocera kraussi (Hardy) (tephritidae) to rectal gland secretions and headspace volatiles emitted by conspecific males and females
Holgate, Danielle,Jamie, Ian M.,Jamie, Joanne F.,Mendez, Vivian,Noushini, Sally,Park, Soo Jean,Perez, Jeanneth,Taylor, Phillip W.
, (2021/08/27)
Pheromones are biologically important in fruit fly mating systems, and also have potential applications as attractants or mating disrupters for pest management. Bactrocera kraussi (Hardy) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a polyphagous pest fruit fly for which the chemical profile of rectal glands is available for males but not for females. There have been no studies of the volatile emissions of either sex or of electrophysiological responses to these compounds. The present study (i) establishes the chemical profiles of rectal gland contents and volatiles emitted by both sexes of B. kraussi by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and (ii) evaluates the detection of the identified compounds by gas chromatography–electroantennogram detection (GC–EAD) and –electropalpogram detection (GC–EPD). Sixteen compounds are identified in the rectal glands of male B. kraussi and 29 compounds are identified in the rectal glands of females. Of these compounds, 5 were detected in the headspace of males and 13 were detected in the headspace of females. GC–EPD assays recorded strong signals in both sexes against (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, 2-ethyl-7-mehtyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane isomer 2, (E,Z)/(Z,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, and (Z,Z)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane. Male antennae responded to (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, 2-methyl-6-pentyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 6-hexyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 6-oxononan-1-ol, ethyl dodecanoate, ethyl tetradecanoate and ethyl (Z)-hexadec-9-enoate, whereas female antennae responded to (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and 2-methyl-6-pentyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran only. These compounds are candidates as pheromones mediating sexual interactions in B. kraussi.
Catalysis of phosphorus(V)-mediated transformations: Dichlorination reactions of epoxides under appel conditions
Denton, Ross M.,Tang, Xiaoping,Przeslak, Adam
supporting information; experimental part, p. 4678 - 4681 (2010/12/24)
A stereospecific triphenylphosphine oxide-catalyzed 1,2-dichlorination reaction of epoxides has been developed. The reaction is effective for a range of terminal and internal epoxides. In contrast to the classical Appel-type dichlorination of epoxides, oxalyl chloride is used as a stoichiometric reagent to generate the chlorophosphonium salt responsible for dichlorination from catalytic triphenylphosphine oxide.
HYDROGENATION OF FATTY ACIDS ESTERS. II. KINETICS OF HYDROGENATION OF METHYL (Z)- AND (E)-9-OCTADECENOATE CATALYZED BY A ZIEGLER NICKEL CATALYST
Krupickova, Jana,Vcelak, Jaroslav,Hetflejs, Jiri
, p. 2583 - 2592 (2007/10/02)
Kinetics of the title reactions has been studied, using nickel(II) 2,4-pentanedionate/triethylaluminium system as a model catalyst.Initial rate measurements showed that in both cases the hydrogenation is first order in hydrogen, zero order in the octadecenoate and a fractional order (close to one) in the catalyst.Both hydrogenations have similar activation energies (30.2 +/- 2.3 kJ mol-1 and 28.9 +/- 2.6 kJ mol-1 for the (Z)- and (E)-9-octadecenoate, respectively).Based on these data and the results of competition experiments, two models have been proposed to describe isomerization of the octadecenoates (either direct of via an intermediate).
