61583-57-1

Basic information

• Product Name: prothoracicotropic hormone
• Synonyms: prothoracicotropic hormone
• CAS NO: 61583-57-1
• Molecular Weight: 0
• Mol File: 61583-57-1.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: /
• CAS DataBase Reference: prothoracicotropic hormone(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: prothoracicotropic hormone(61583-57-1)
• EPA Substance Registry System: prothoracicotropic hormone(61583-57-1)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 61583-57-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) is a peptide hormone that plays a crucial role in the regulation of insect molting and metamorphosis. It stimulates the biosynthesis and release of the molting hormone ecdysone from the prothoracic glands, thereby controlling the insect's growth and development.

Uses

Used in Insect Research:
Prothoracicotropic hormone is used as a research tool for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying insect growth, development, and metamorphosis. Understanding the role of PTTH in these processes can provide valuable insights into the regulation of insect life cycles and may contribute to the development of novel pest control strategies.
Used in Insect Rearing and Breeding:
Prothoracicotropic hormone can be used in insect rearing and breeding programs to manipulate the growth and development of insects, allowing for the production of specific life stages or phenotypes for research or commercial purposes.
Used in Insecticide Development:
The knowledge of PTTH's role in insect molting and metamorphosis can be applied in the development of novel insecticides that target the hormone or its signaling pathways, potentially leading to more effective and targeted pest control methods.
Used in Agricultural Pest Management:
Prothoracicotropic hormone can be utilized in agricultural pest management strategies by understanding its role in the life cycles of crop pests. This knowledge can help in the development of targeted pest control methods that minimize the impact on non-target organisms and the environment.
Used in Medical and Pharmaceutical Research:
Although not directly related to human health, the study of PTTH and its effects on insect development can provide insights into the broader field of endocrinology and hormone signaling. This knowledge may contribute to the development of new medical treatments or pharmaceuticals that target similar pathways in humans.

Structure

The mature PTTH forms a homodimer linked by an interchain disulfide bond while a cystine knot motif composed of three intrachain disulfide bridges is likely formed within each chain.Silkworm PTTH has been reported to have a carbohydrate chain at Asn,although its recombinant protein lacking the sugar chain also exhibits activity to induce adult development.Although the seven Cys residues that form inter- and intrachain disulfide bonds are highly conserved among PTTHs of various insect species, their primary structures are much less conserved.

Biological functions

The primary function of PTTH is to promote the biosynthesis of the molting hormone ecdysone in the prothoracic glands in response to environmental stimuli. This is best demonstrated by its regulatory role in pupal diapause; for example, in the cabbage army moth Mamestra brassicae, the hemolymph PTTH titer is reduced during the diapause period, but it is released into the hemolymph to promote ecdysone biosynthesis when the environmental condition allows for adult development.

Regulation of synthesis and release

The silkworm PTTHproduced in the brain neurosecretory cells is transported through their axons and stored in the corpora allata. In response to environmental stimuli such as the light-dark cycle, PTTH is released from the corpora allata into the hemolymph and the transient increase of its concentration in the hemolymph stimulates ecdysone biosynthesis in the prothoracic glands.In contrast, Drosophila PTTH is secreted in proximity of the prothoracic gland cells within the ring gland from axon terminals that directly contact the gland.Upstream neurons that innervate the PTTH-producing neurons and regulate their activity are beginning to be identified in D. melanogaster.