623579-03-3Relevant articles and documents
A conjugate vaccine using enantiopure hapten imparts superior nicotine-binding capacity
Lockner, Jonathan W.,Lively, Jenny M.,Collins, Karen C.,Vendruscolo, Janaína C. M.,Azar, Marc R.,Janda, Kim D.
, p. 1005 - 1011 (2015/01/30)
A leading nicotine conjugate vaccine was only efficacious for one-third of clinical trial participants, likely due in part to its use of racemic nicotine hapten, (±)-3′-AmNic. Immunization of male Wistar rats with (+)-, (-)-, or (±)-3′-AmNicSucTT and subsequent antibody immunoassays suggest that a vaccine using enantiopure (-)-3′-AmNic hapten imparts superior capacity to bind (-)-nicotine. Future nicotine vaccine clinical candidates must incorporate this design consideration (i.e., hapten enantiopurity) in order to maximize efficacy.