6325-95-7Relevant articles and documents
Antileishmanial activity evaluation of thiazolidine-2,4-dione against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis
Castilho, Marcelo Santos,Froes, Thamires Quadros,Júnior, David Bacelar Costa,Leite, Franco Henrique Andrade,Moreira, Paulo Otávio Louren?o,Neri, Flávio Simas Moreira,Teixeira-Neto, Rafael Gon?alves,da Silva, Priscila Brand?o Gomes,de Albuquerque, Jullianna Ferreira Cavalcanti,de Pilla Varotti, Fernando,do Egito, Micalyne Soares
, (2020/06/01)
Leishmaniasis is responsible for approximately 65,000 annual deaths. Despite the mortality data, drugs available for the treatment of patients are insufficient and have moderate therapeutic efficacy in addition to serious adverse effects, which makes the development of new drugs urgent. To achieve this goal, the integration of kinetic and DSF assays against parasitic validated targets, along with phenotypic assays, can help the identification and optimization of bioactive compounds. Pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1), a validated target in Leishmania sp., is responsible for the reduction of folate and biopterin to tetrahydrofolate and tetrahydrobiopterin, respectively, both of which are essential for cell growth. In addition to the in vitro evaluation of 16 thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives against Leishmania major PTR1 (LmPTR1), using the differential scanning fluorimetry (ThermoFluor), phenotypic assays were employed to evaluate the compound effect over Leishmania braziliensis (MHOM/BR/75/M2903) and Leishmania infantum (MHOM/BR/74/PP75) promastigotes viability. The ThermoFluor results show that thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives have micromolar affinity to the target and equivalent activity on Leishmania cells. 2b is the most potent compound against L. infantum (EC50 = 23.45 ± 4.54 μM), whereas 2a is the most potent against L. braziliensis (EC50 = 44.16 ± 5.77 μM). This result suggests that lipophilic substituents on either—meta and/or—para positions of the benzylidene ring increase the potency against L. infantum. On the other hand, compound 2c (CE50 = 49.22 ± 7.71 μM) presented the highest selectivity index.
Design and synthesis of 4′-((5-benzylidene-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl)methyl)biphenyl-2-carbonitrile analogs as bacterial peptide deformylase inhibitors
Khan, Firoz A. Kalam,Patil, Rajendra H.,Shinde, Devanand B.,Sangshetti, Jaiprakash N.
, p. 938 - 944 (2016/11/11)
Herein, we report the synthesis and screening of 4′-((5-benzylidene-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl)methyl)biphenyl-2-carbonitrile analogs 11(a–j) as bacterial peptide deformylase (PDF) enzyme inhibitors. The compounds 11b (IC50 value?=?139.28?μm), 11g (IC50 value?=?136.18?μm), and 11h (IC50 value?=?131.65?μm) had shown good PDF inhibition activity. The compounds 11b (MIC range?=?103.36–167.26?μg/mL), 11g (MIC range?=?93.75–145.67?μg/mL), and 11h (MIC range?=?63.61–126.63?μg/mL) had also shown potent antibacterial activity when compared with standard ampicillin (MIC range?=?100.00–250.00?μg/mL). Thus, the active derivatives were not only PDF inhibitors but also efficient antibacterial agents. To gain more insight on the binding mode of the compounds with PDF enzyme, the synthesized compounds 11(a–j) were docked against PDF enzyme of Escherichia coli and compounds exhibited good binding properties. The results suggest that this class of compounds has potential for development and use in future as antibacterial drugs.
Privileged scaffolds or promiscuous binders: A comparative study on rhodanines and related heterocycles in medicinal chemistry
Mendgen, Thomas,Steuer, Christian,Klein, Christian D.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 743 - 753 (2012/03/11)
Rhodanines and related five-membered heterocycles with multiple heteroatoms have recently gained a reputation of being unselective compounds that appear as "frequent hitters" in screening campaigns and therefore have little value in drug discovery. However, this judgment appears to be based mostly on anecdotal evidence. Having identified various rhodanines and related compounds in screening campaigns, we decided to perform a systematic study on their promiscuity. An amount of 163 rhodanines, hydantoins, thiohydantoins, and thiazolidinediones were synthesized and tested against several targets. The compounds were also characterized with respect to aggregation and electrophilic reactivity, and the binding modes of rhodanines and related compounds in published X-ray cocrystal structures were analyzed. The results indicate that the exocyclic, double bonded sulfur atom in rhodanines and thiohydantoins, in addition to other structural features, offers a particularly high density of interaction sites for polar interactions and hydrogen bonds. This causes a promiscuous behavior at concentrations in the "screening range" but should not be regarded as a general knockout criterion that excludes such screening hits from further development. It is suggested that special criteria for target affinity and selectivity are applied to these classes of compounds and that their exceptional and potentially valuable biomolecular binding properties are consequently exploited in a useful way.