6515-18-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Sequential Energy Transfer Catalysis: A Cascade Synthesis of Angularly-Fused Dihydrocoumarins
Nevesely, Tomá?,Daniliuc, Constantin G.,Gilmour, Ryan
supporting information, p. 9724 - 9728 (2019/11/29)
An operationally simple one-pot protocol has been developed to enable the conversion of diversely substituted cinnamic acid derivatives into angularly-fused dihydrocoumarins (up to 94%). Inspired by coumarin biosynthesis, this reaction cascade harnesses photochemical E → Z alkene isomerization enabled by energy transfer catalysis using inexpensive thioxanthen-9-one (TX) under irradiation at 402 nm. Subsequent lactonization generates the heterocyclic core prior to a second photosensitization event to induce a [2 + 2] cycloaddition, again mediated by TX. The tetracyclic products are generated efficiently, and proof of the structure was established by X-ray crystallography. Mechanistic investigations, including structural probes and NMR reaction monitoring, support the postulated order of events. The study underscores the synthetic value of inexpensive small-molecule organic photocatalysts in the generation of structural complexity via sequential ?€-bond activation.
Stereospecific inhibition of nitric oxide production in macrophage cells by flavanonols: Synthesis and the structure-activity relationship. Part 2
Jiang, Wen-Jun,Kitanaka, Susumu,Takamiya, Tomoko,Iijima, Hiroshi
, p. 4277 - 4284 (2017/07/22)
To explore the structure-activity relationships of flavanonols on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells, we have prepared a series of synthetic flavanonols. In our previous study, the 2′,3′-dihydroxyphenyl substructure was foun
Identification and initial SAR of silybin: An Hsp90 inhibitor
Zhao, Huiping,Brandt, Gary E.,Galam, Lakshmi,Matts, Robert L.,Blagg, Brian S.J.
scheme or table, p. 2659 - 2664 (2011/06/22)
Through Hsp90-dependent firefly luciferase refolding and Hsp90-dependent heme-regulated eIF2α kinase (HRI) activation assays, silybin was identified as a novel Hsp90 inhibitor. Subsequently, a library of silybin analogues was designed, synthesized and evaluated. Initial SAR studies identified the essential, non-essential and detrimental functionalities on silybin that contribute to Hsp90 inhibition.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 2-acylamino-4,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives as novel antagonists of GPR54
Kobayashi, Toshitake,Sasaki, Satoshi,Tomita, Naoki,Fukui, Seiji,Kuroda, Noritaka,Nakayama, Masaharu,Kiba, Atsushi,Takatsu, Yoshihiro,Ohtaki, Tetsuya,Itoh, Fumio,Baba, Atsuo
experimental part, p. 3841 - 3859 (2010/08/06)
GPR54 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) which was formerly an orphan receptor. Recent functional study of GPR54 revealed that the receptor has an essential role to modulate sex-hormones including GnRH. Though antagonists of GPR54 are expected to be novel drugs for sex-hormone dependent diseases such as prostate cancer or endometriosis, small molecule GPR54 antagonists have not been reported. We have synthesized a series of 2-acylamino-4,6-diphenylpyridines to identify potent GPR54 antagonists. Detailed structure-activity relationship studies led to compound 9l with an IC50 value of 3.7 nM in a GPR54 binding assay, and apparent antagonistic activity in a cellular functional assay.
PYRIDYLPHENOL COMPOUND AND USE THEREOF
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Page/Page column 49, (2008/12/05)
The present invention provides a compound which has metastin receptor antagonist activity and is useful for preventing and treating hormone-dependent cancer, benign prostatomegaly, endometriosis, precocious puberty, uterine myoma or the like. More specifically, the present invention provides a compound, represented by the formula: or a salt thereof, a prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutical agent containing the same; wherein Ring A represents a 5- to 8-membered homocyclic or heterocyclic group optionally having a substituent other than formula -X-R1 wherein X represents a bond or a spacer, and R1 represents optionally substituted amino or an optionally substituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group; Ring B represents an optionally substituted benzene ring; R2 represents an optionally substituted homocyclic or heterocyclic group; and R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, cyano, acyl or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.
OXAZOLE COMPOUND AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION
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Page/Page column 67, (2008/06/13)
ABSTRACT The present invention provides a oxazole compound represented by Formula (1), or a salt thereof: wherein R1 is an aryl group which may have one or more substituents; R2 is an aryl group or a nitrogen atom-containing heterocyclic group each of which may have one or more substituents; and W is a divalent group represented by -Y1-A1- or -Y2-C(=O)- wherein Y1 is a group such as -C(=O)-, A1 is a group such as a lower alkylene group, and Y2 is a group such as a piperazinediyl group. The oxazole compound has a specific inhibitory action against phosphodiesterase 4.
MITOTIC KINESIN INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
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Page/Page column 104-105, (2010/11/08)
This invention relates to inhibitors of mitotic kinesins, particularly KSP, and methods for producing these inhibitors. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the inhibitors of the invention and methods of utilizing the inhibitors and pharmaceutical compositions in the treatment and prevention of various disorders.
3-PHENOXY-4-PYRIDAZINOL DERIVATIVE AND HERBICIDE COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME
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Page 292, (2008/06/13)
A compound represented by the formula: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, alkyl group, etc., ???R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, alkyl group, etc., ???R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substitutable alkyl group, a substitutable alkenyl group, alkynyl group, a substitute-able cycloalkyl group, etc., or adjacent two of R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 may together with the carbon atoms to which the respective substituents are bonded form a ring which may be substituted, ???m and n each independently represent 0 or 1, a salt thereof or an ester derivative thereof; an agricultural chemical containing the same as an active ingredient; and a herbicidal composition containing the compound and a second herbicidally active compound as active ingredients.
Synthesis of flavonoids and their effects on aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues
Lim, Soon Sung,Jung, Sang Hoon,Ji, Jun,Shin, Kuk Hyun,Keum, Sam Rok
, p. 653 - 668 (2007/10/03)
Aldose reductase, the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, and oxidative stress are known to play important roles in the complications of diabetes. A drug with potent inhibition of aldose reductase and oxidative stress, therefore, would be a most promising drug for the prevention of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to develop new compounds with these dual-effects through synthesis of chalcone derivatives and by examining the structure-activity relationships on the inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase as well as on antioxidant effects. A series of 35 flavonoid derivatives were synthesized by Winget's condensation, oxidation, and reduction of appropriate acetophenones with appropriate benzaldehydes. The inhibitory activity of these derivatives on rat lens aldose reductase and their antioxidant effects, measured using Cu2+ chelation and radical scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl in-vitro, were evaluated. Their effect on sorbitol accumulation in the red blood cells, lenses and sciatic nerves of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was also estimated. Among the new flavonoid derivatives synthesized, those with the 2′,4′-dihydroxyl groups in the A ring such as 2,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone (22), 2,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone (11), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethylchalcone (21) and 3,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone (18) were found to possess the highest rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity in-vitro, their IC50 values (concentration of inhibitors giving 50 % inhibition of enzyme activity) being 1.6 × 10-7, 3.8 × 10-7, 4.0 × 10-7 and 4.6 × 10-7 M, respectively. All of the chalcones tested except 3, 18, 23 with o-dihydroxy or hydroquinone moiety showed a weak free radical scavenging activity. In the in-vivo experiments, however, compound 18 with o-dihydroxy moiety in the B ring showed the strongest inhibitory activity in the accumulation of sorbitol in the tissues. It also showed the strongest activity in transition metal chelation and free radical scavenging activity. Of the 35 4,2′-dihydroxyl and 2′,4′-dihydroxyl derivatives of flavonoid synthesized, including chalcone, flavone, flavanone, flavonol and dihydrochalcone, some chalcone derivatives synthesized were found to possess aldose reductase inhibition and antioxidant activities in-vitro as well as inhibition in the accumulation of sorbitol in the tissues in-vivo. 3,4,2′,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone (18, butein) was the most promising compound for the prevention or treatment of diabetic complications.
Electrophilic Reactions of Carbenoids. Synthesis of Fused Heterocyclic Systems via Intramolecular Nucleophilic Substitution of Carbenoids
Topolski, Marek
, p. 5588 - 5594 (2007/10/03)
Intramolecular nucleophilic substitution of carbenoids with oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur nucleophiles leading to the synthesis of fused heterocyclic compounds has been studied.For the purpose of this investigation styryl type gem-dihalides 4, 8, 18, 20, 28 containing a nucleophilic substituent in the ortho position of the aromatic ring have been synthesized.Carbenoids have been generated in those systems by the halogen - metal exchange reaction and shown to readily undergo intramolecular nucleophilic substitution by the properly located nucleophilic group (OH, SH, or NH2).As a result a new synthetic route to benzofurans, thianaphthenes, and indoles has been established based on nucleophilic substitution of vinyl halides by an ortho substituent.The dramatic increase of reactivity of vinyl halides upon introduction of lithium has been explained as being due to metal-assisted ionization.
