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Hazards Identification

Pictogram(s):

Signal:

Warning

GHS Hazard Statements:

H361d ***: Suspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]
H373 **: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]
H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

Precautionary Statement Codes:

P203, P260, P273, P280, P318, P319, P391, P405, and P501

Hazard Classes and Categories:

Repr. 2
STOT RE 2 *
Aquatic Chronic 2
Repr. 2 (99.37%)
STOT RE 2 (100%)
Aquatic Chronic 2 (99.69%)
Reproductive toxicity - category 2
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - category 2
Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 3
Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2B
Skin sensitization - Category 1
Reproductive toxicity - Category 2
Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (thyroid), Category 2 (liver)
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 2
Carcinogens

Hazards Summary:

In the triazole class of herbicides, the known toxicity of amitrole is limited to slight irritant effects. [EPA Pesticides, p. 121] Classified as slightly toxic, it may be used only by certified applicators. [EXTOXNET] A weed control worker with allergic contact dermatitis was reported; [Kanerva, p. 783] Aminotriazole may be hepatotoxic on ingestion. [Zimmerman, p. 393] The following herbicides have an oral LD50 of >1 gm/kg and have little or no acute toxicity in humans: Alachlor, Amitrole, Ammonium sulfamate, Atrazine, Dalapon, Dicamba, Glyphosphate, Monuron, Oryzalin, Picloram, Propanil, Simazine, etc. [LaDou, p. 613] TLV basis: thyroid effects; [ACGIH]

Usage

Uses

Used in Synthetic Chemistry:
(4H)-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex chemical compounds and pharmaceuticals due to its unique ring structure and reactivity.
Used in Medicinal Chemistry:
(4H)-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine is used as a key component in the design of new drugs for its ability to mimic the dihedral angle of peptide bonds, which expands the scope of drug development and offers innovative therapeutic options.

InChI:InChI=1/C2H4N4/c3-2-4-1-5-6-2/h1H,(H3,3,4,5,6)

Upstream product

• 78158-91-5 N,N-dimethyl-N'-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) formamidine 

Downstream Products

• 223647-73-2 5-oxo-7-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine 
• 1378233-00-1 10-benzylidene-6-phenyl-6,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydrobenzo[g][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]quinazolin-5-ol 
• 1378232-97-3 10-benzylidene-6-phenyl-6,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydrobenzo[g][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]quinazolin-5-ol 
• 1378232-96-2 9-benzylidene-6-phenyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-cyclopenta[g][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b]quinazolin-5-ol 
• 1378232-99-5 9-benzylidene-6-phenyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-cyclopenta[g][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]quinazolin-5-ol 
• 1428537-32-9 C₁₆H₂₁N₅O 
• 89167-24-8 6-bromo[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-α]pyrazine 
• 40775-90-4 5-chloromethyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Kinetics and mechanism of uncatalyzed and ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation of formamidine derivative by hexacyanoferrate(III) in aqueous alkaline medium

The catalytic effect of ruthenium(III) on the oxidation of N, N-dimethyl- N′-(4H-1,2,4-triazol- 3-yl) formamidine (ATF) by hexacyanoferrate(III) (HCF) was studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous alkaline medium. Both uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions showed first order kinetics with respect to [HCF], whereas the reaction orders with respect to [ATF] and [OH ?] were apparently less than unity over the concentration range studied. A first order dependence with respect to [RuIII] was obtained. Increasing ionic strength increased the rate of uncatalyzed reaction and decreased the rate of the catalyzed one Plausible mechanistic schemes of oxidation reactions have been proposed. In both cases, the final oxidation products are identified as aminotriazole, dimethyl amine and carbon dioxide. The rate laws associated with the reaction mechanisms are derived. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanisms were calculated. The activation and thermodynamic parameters have been computed and discussed. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Kinetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidation of Aminotriazole Formamidine by Cerium(IV) in Aqueous Perchloric and Sulfuric Acid Solutions: A Comparative Study

The kinetics of the oxidation of an aminotriazole formamidine derivative, N,N-dimethyl-N′-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) formamidine (ATF) by cerium(IV) has been studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous perchloric and sulfuric acid solutions at constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol·dm-3. In both acids, the reaction shows first order kinetics with respect to [Ce(IV)], whereas the orders with respect to [ATF] are less than unity. The reaction exhibits negative fractional order kinetics with respect to [H+]. The rates of reaction are not significantly affected by variations of either ionic strength or relative permittivity of the reaction's media. Addition of cerium(III) product does not affect the rates. Plausible mechanistic schemes for the reactions have been proposed. In both cases, the final oxidation products were identified as aminotriazole, dimethyl amine and carbon dioxide. Under comparable experimental conditions, the oxidation rate in perchloric acid solution is about sixfold higher than that in sulfuric acid solution. The effect of temperature on the rates has also been studied and activation parameters have been evaluated and discussed. The rate laws associated with the reaction mechanisms are derived.