65374-30-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Energetic and Rate Effects of the Trifluoromethyl Group at C-2 and C-4 on the Aliphatic Claisen Rearrangement
Gajewski, J. J.,Gee, K. R.,Jurayj, J.
, p. 1813 - 1822 (2007/10/02)
The rate of the Claisen rearrangement is accelerated by a factor of 73 over the parent system when a trifluoromethyl group is present at C-2 of allyl vinyl ether.Ground-state destabilization by the trifluoromethyl group may be responsible for this rate effect.There is little polar character in the transition state, and the transition-state structure has little carbonyl character and only moderate (ca. 1/3) bonding character between the two terminal carbons.The rate enhancement is not observed in the Cope rearrangement of the all-carbon analogue that has a trifluoromet hyl group at C-2.At C-4, the trifluoromethyl group does not bring about a significant rate effect in the Claisen rearrangement relative to the parent system; this result is in contrast to an energetic benefit of 3.5 kcal/mol enjoyed by the system when a cyano group is at C-4, which suggests that radical-stabilizing ability and not electronic-withdrawing ability is important in stabilizing the transition state.
