66178-02-7

Usage

Uses

Used in Food Industry:
Malic acid 4-Me ester is used as a flavoring agent for its sour and tart taste, making it suitable for enhancing the flavor of sour candies, fruit-flavored beverages, and other sour-tasting foods.
Used in Cosmetic and Personal Care Industry:
Malic acid 4-Me ester is used as a component in cosmetic and personal care products, where it contributes to the formulation of fragrances and other scented products.
Used in Pharmaceutical Research:
Malic acid 4-Me ester has been studied for its potential medicinal properties, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, indicating its potential use in the development of pharmaceutical products for various health applications.

Upstream product

• 186581-53-3 diazomethane 
• 97-67-6 (S)-Malic acid 
• 38115-87-6 malic acid dimethyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 95422-24-5 methyl (3S)-3,4-O-isopropylidene-3,4-dihydroxybutanoate 
• 162584-13-6 methyl (2R,3S)-3-benzyloxymethoxy-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-2-methylbutanoate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Biologically active macrolides, compositions, and uses thereof

The present invention provides a compound of the formula (I) or (II), wherein R1 is H, alkyl, alkenyl or aryl, R2 is H, alkyl or aryl, R3 is H, a alkyl, alkenyl or aryl, R4 and R4-R8 are independently R10, C(O)R10 or SO2R10, wherein R10 is H, alkyl, alkenyl or aryl, and R9 is R9a, C(O)R9a or SO2R9a, wherein R9a is H, alkyl, alkenyl or aryl. R9a can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more oxo(═O), OR9b, OC(O)R9b, OSO2R9b, NHR9b, NHC(O)R9b and NHSO2R9b groups. R9b is H, alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl. R9b can be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups such as oxo(═O), OR9c, CO2R9c, CO2R9c and OC(O)R9c. R9c is H, or a unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl. The present invention further provides a composition comprising at least one compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, alone or in combination with at least one additional active agent. The present invention further provides a method of treating a condition treatable by the inhibition of vacuolar-type (H+)-ATPase and a method of treating cancer.

Chondropsins A and B: Novel tumor cell growth-inhibitory macrolide lactams from the marine sponge Chondropsis sp

Antiproliferative bioassay-guided fractionation of an aqueous extract of the marine sponge Chondropsis sp. provided two novel macrolides, chondropsins A (1) and B (2). The structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analysis and chemical modification. HMBC, TOCSY, NOESY, and HSQC-TOCSY experiments were particularly useful for the structural assignments of these polyketide-derived metabolites. The chondropsins define an unprecedented class of polyunsaturated, polyhydroxylated, 35-membered macrocycles which incorporate both lactone and lactam functionalities. An additional unique feature of these compounds is a complex, amide-linked, polyketide side chain. Testing of chondropsin A (1) in the NCI 60-cell screen revealed a mean-graph profile that did not correlate significantly with the profile of any compound class represented in the NCI standard agents database. The chondropsins therefore represent an interesting new lead for cancer therapeutics research.

A Biocatalytic Approach to the Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-Malic Acid

(S)-Diethyl malate 1a was prepared (70-80percent yield; >98percent optical purity) by an enantioselective reduction of sodium diethyl oxalacetate 2 by fermenting baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).Other microorganisms were tested for their capability of reducing 2.Most of them afforded (S)-1a with ee from 8 to 94percent and only Candida utilis, Aspergillus niger and Lactobacillus fermentum ILC G18D preferentially reduced compound 2 to (R)-1a. (R)-Dimethyl malate 1b was obtained from (R,S)-malate 1b by hydrolysis with pig liver esterase (PLE), the highest ee (93percent) being realized at 0 deg C in 20percent aqueous methanol.Enzymatic hydrolyses of protected malates 1d and 1e did not lead to improvement of the ee.