66901-91-5Relevant articles and documents
'High-surface sodium' as a reducing agent for TiCl 3
Furstner,Seidel
, p. 63 - 68 (2007/10/02)
Sodium deposited on inorganic supports such as Al2O3, TiO2 and NaCl ('high-surface sodium') is a cheap, readily prepared, nonpyrophoric reducing agent for TiCl3. The low-valent titanium thus obtained, after only 1 h reduction time, is well suited for McMurry coupling reactions, particularly of aromatic carbonyl compounds. It exhibits a previously unrivalled template effect for the cyclization of dicarbonyl compounds to (macrocyclic) cycloalkenes and is suitable for the reduction of N-acyl-2-aminobenzophenone derivatives to 2,3-disubstituted indoles. Even a 36-membered ring could be formed without recourse to high dilution techniques.
Highly Reactive Titanium on Graphite. A Universal Reducing Agent for the Coupling of Carbonyl Compounds to Alkenes
Fuerstner, Alois,Weidmann, Hans
, p. 1071 - 1075 (2007/10/02)
Finely dispersed titanium on graphite, prepared from titanium trichloride and lamellar potassium-graphite, is a highly reactive and universally applicable McMurry reagent, which efficiently couples aryl and alkyl carbonyl and dicarbonyl compounds to alkenes and cycloalkenes, respectively.The closely related reagent derived from titanium tetrachloride distinguishes between aromatic and aliphatic educts, the latter of which stop at the pinacol stage.Thus, use of the appropriate reagent allows McMurry as well as pinacol reductions of aliphatic carbonyl compounds.
