72176-49-9

Upstream product

• 107824-84-0 hexamesitylcyclotrigermane 
• 111655-80-2 dimesitylbis(trimethylsilyl)germane 
• 119-61-9 benzophenone 
• 120154-43-0 (dimesitylgermyl)lithium 
• 126685-63-0 C₁₃H₈N₂GeCH₂{C₆H₂(CH₃)3}2 
• 122967-96-8 C₁₀H₁₄SGe(C₆H₂(CH₃)3)2 
• 96481-42-4 dichlorodimesitylgermane 
• 291312-87-3 2,2'-dilithio 3,3'-dithienylsulfur 

Downstream Products

• 115385-07-4 tetrakis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)digermene 
• 83686-73-1 1,1-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3,4-dimethylgermacyclopent-3-ene 
• 115590-26-6 dimesitylgermylene(1-methyltetrahydrofuran) 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Organogermanium reactive intermediates. The direct detection and characterization of transient germylenes and digermenes in solution

Diphenylgermylene (Ph2Ge) and its Ge=Ge doubly bonded dimer, tetraphenyldigermene (6a), have been characterized directly in solution for the first time by laser flash photolysis methods. The germylene is formed via (formal) cheletropic photocycloreversion of 3,4-dimethyl-1,1- diphenylgermacyclopent-3-ene (4a), which is shown to proceed in high chemical (>95%) and quantum yield (Φ = 0.62) by steady-state trapping experiments with methanol, acetic acid, isoprene, and triethylsilane. Flash photolysis of 4a in dry deoxygenated hexane at 23°C leads to the prompt formation of a transient assigned to Ph2Ge (∈max = 500 nm; ∈max = 1650 M-1 cm-1), which decays with second-order kinetics (τ ≈ 3 μs), with the concomitant growth of a second transient species that is assigned to digermene 6a (τ ≈ 40 μs; λmax = 440 nm). Analogous results are obtained from 1,1-dimesityl- and 1,1-dimethyl-3,4-dimethylgermacyclopent-3-ene (4b and 4c, respectively), which afford Mes2Ge (τ = 20 μs; λmax = 560 nm) and Me2Ge (τ ≈ 2 μs; λs; λmax = 480 nm), respectively, as well as the corresponding digermenes, tetramesityl- (6b; λmax = 410 nm) and tetramethyldigermene (6c; λmax = 370 nm). The results for the mesityl compound are compared to the analogous ones from laser flash photolysis of the known Mes2Ge/6b precursor, hexamesitylcyclotrigermane. The spectra of the three germylenes and two of the digermenes are in excellent agreement with calculated spectra, derived from time-dependent DFT calculations. Absolute rate constants for dimerization of Ph2Ge and Mes2Ge and for their reaction with n-butylamine and acetic acid in hexane at 23°C are also reported.

Synthesis and characterization of Group 14 elements - Dithienylsulfur cycloadducts and oligomers

T31he reactions of various organometallic dichlorides R2MCl2 (R = Bu, Ph; M = Si, Ge, Sn) with 2,2'-dilithio 3,3'-dithienylsulfur were described. They gave simultaneously cycloadducts and oligomers. The X-ray crystal structure of the heterocycle 3b shows a slightly distorted six-membered ring with the two heteroatoms (sulfur and germanium) in a boat conformation. The molecular weights of the oligomers were determined by size exclusion chromatography. Starting from metal divalent species, insoluble oligomers were obtained. The presence of bivalent metallic sites in these chains was verified by cycloaddition reaction with 3,5-di-t-butyl orthoquinone. Electrical studies show that these non-doped oligomers behave as semi-conductors. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A.

New (diarylgermyl)lithiums

The new (diarylgermyl)lithiums R2GeHLi (2; R = phenyl, mesityl) were prepared in good yields by hydrogermolysis reactions of tert-butyllithium in THF. The stability of compounds 2 depends on the nature of the R group and the solvent. For R = Ph, in the presence of an amine (Et3N or Et2NMe), the same reaction leads to the formation of the polygermanes H(GePh2)nH (n = 2-4). The characterization of compounds 2 by IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and their complexation with a crown ether are also reported. They are characterized by deuterolysis and alkylation reaction (with MeI and Me2SO4). Their germylation reactions with Ge-Cl reagents constitute a convenient way for synthesizing organo-hydropolygermanes. Compounds 2 also react with acyl chlorides to give new germyl ketones, R2HGeCOR′, and the unexpectedly stable β-germyl diketone Ph2Ge(COMes)2.

Synthesis and chemistry of thiagermiranes

Dimethylgermylene (1) reacts with thioketones 3 and 9 to give 1,3,2,4-dithiadigermolanes 4 and 10, the ultimate products of formation of thiagermiranes 6 and 11 and subsequent addition of dimethylgermanethione (7). Dimesitylgermylene (16) reacts with adamantanethione (3) to give 3-(2-adamantyl)-2,2-dimesityl-1,2-thiagermirane (18). Photolysis of thiagermirane 18 yields dimesitylgermylene (16) and adamantanethione (3) derived from germathiocarbonyl ylide 22. Oxidation of thiagermirane 18 by mCPBA gives 3-(2-adamantyl)-4,4-dimesityl-1,2,4-oxathiagermetane S-oxide (27). X-ray analyses were done for thiagermirane 18 and 1,2,4-oxathiagermetane S-oxide 27.

Synthesis of the first germa-1-pyrazoline and its decomposition via a germirane intermediate

The first germapyrazoline, 4-germa-1-pyrazoline (2), has been obtained by cycloaddition of diazomethane to the Ge=C bond of the germene (1).Thermal or photochemical decomposition of 2 via a germirane intermediate (4) gives 9-methyl-enefluorene and dimesitylgermylene, which can be trapped by 2,3-dimethylbutadiene.

Thermolysis of Cyclotrigermane: Simple Preparation of Digermetanes containing a Germanium-Germanium Bond

Thermolysis of hexamesitylcyclotrigermane in the presence of paraformaldehyde, thiobenzophenone, and phenylacetylene at 80 deg C produces the corresponding adducts with tetramesityldigermene.

Matrix Isolation and Ultraviolet Spectra of Germylenes

Some organogernylenes were isolated in a hydrocarbon matrix at low temperature by the photolysis of 7-germanoboradienes or bis(trimethylsilyl)germanes.The germylenes show electronic absorption bands at 420-560 nm.