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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Colloid and nanosized catalysts in organic synthesis: XIV. Reductive amination and amidation of carbonitriles catalyzed by nickel nanoparticles

Hydrogenation of carbonitriles catalyzed by nickel nanoparticles in the presence of primary amines led to the predominant formation of unsymmetrical secondary amines. In the presence of secondary amines hydrogenation of nitrites provided enamines as main products. Hydrogenation of nitriles in the presence of formamide or acetamide afforded formyl or acetyl derivatives of primary amines.

Method for producing amines by homogeneously catalyzed reductive amination of carbonyl compounds

The invention relates to the preparation of chiral or achiral amines by reaction of aldehydes or ketones with ammonia or primary or secondary amines in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of homogeneous metal catalysts under mild conditions. Metal catalysts which can be used are complexes of late transition metals with chiral or achiral phosphorus-containing ligands.

A Scrutiny on the Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by Homogeneous Rh(I) Diphosphane Complexes

The reductive amination of a series of aldehydes with secondary amines and H2 in the presence of a homogeneous Rh-diphosphane catalyst was studied in order to establish a general mechanism of this reaction and to identify conditions for the improvement of the amine/alcohol ratio in the product. Several possible intermediates as constituents of changing equilibria like half-aminals, N,O-acetals and aminals were observed in the reaction mixture by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy. In individual trials, these compounds could be successfully hydrogenated under the conditions applied for reductive amination (50 bar H2 pressure, MeOH). Some evidence is accumulated that half-aminals and N,O-acetals might be key intermediates of the reductive amination. Moreover, it was found that the formation of the undesired product alcohol is likely based on the reduction of the starting carbonyl compound. However, due to numerous equilibria consisting of several intermediates, general conclusions are hard to be drawn. Proof will be given that, in several cases, the efficiency of the reductive amination of aliphatic aldehydes can be significantly improved by prehydrogenation of the cationic [Rh(dppb)(COD)]+ complex.

On the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones catalyzed by homogeneous Rh(I) complexes

The homogeneously catalyzed reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones under smooth conditions is reported, showing for the first time, that Rh(I) catalysts based on chelating diphosphines and diphosphinites can be advantageously employed for this reaction, even for the production of chiral amino acid derivatives.