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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

A dehydrohalogenation methodology for synthesizing terminal olefins under mild conditions

A new methodology for preparing terminal olefins in good yield by dehydrohalogenation of primary alkyl iodide with tetrabutylammonium fluoride in dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature is presented. Optimization of the mild reaction conditions and assays on various alkyl iodides are described. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.

Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Amidation of Unactivated Alkyl Bromides

A user-friendly, nickel-catalyzed reductive amidation of unactivated primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl bromides with isocyanates is described. This catalytic strategy offers an efficient synthesis of a wide range of aliphatic amides under mild conditions and with an excellent chemoselectivity profile while avoiding the use of stoichiometric and sensitive organometallic reagents.

Manganese(II)/Picolinic Acid Catalyst System for Epoxidation of Olefins

An in situ generated catalyst system based on Mn(CF3SO3)2, picolinic acid, and peracetic acid converts an extensive scope of olefins to their epoxides at 0 °C in 5 min, with remarkable oxidant efficiency and no evidence of radical behavior. Competition experiments indicate an electrophilic active oxidant, proposed to be a high-valent Mn = O species. Ligand exploration suggests a general ligand sphere motif contributes to effective oxidation. The method is underscored by its simplicity and use of inexpensive reagents to quickly access high value-added products.

Fluorinated isatin derivatives. Part 2. New N-substituted 5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl isatins as potential tools for molecular imaging of caspases in apoptosis

Caspases are responsible for the execution of the cell death program and are potentially suitable targets for the specific imaging of apoptosis in vivo. A series of N-1-substituted analogues of the small molecule nonpeptide caspase inhibitor (S)-5-[1-(2-methoxymethylpyrrolidinyl)sulfonyl]isatin (1), which may be useful for the development of caspase-targeted radioligands, were synthesized and their inhibition potencies were evaluated in vitro. Two of the most powerful techniques to introduce fluorine into organic compounds, viz, bromofluorination of olefins and fluorohydrin synthesis by ring-opening of epoxides, were used. Most of the target compounds are potent inhibitors of the two effector caspases-3 and -7. Furthermore, the 18F-radiolabeled model compound (S)-1-[4-(1-[18F]fluoro-2-hydroxyethyl)benzyl]-5-[1- (2-methoxymethyl-pyrrolidinyl) sulfonyl]isatin ([18F]37), a putative tracer for the noninvasive imaging of apoptosis by positron emission tomography (PET) was synthesized by nucleophilic epoxide ring-opening of its precursor 36. The radiochemistry utilized in the 18F-fluorination reverted to carrier-added [18F]Et3N·3HF, a new fluorine-18 source for radiolabeling.