77976-07-9

Upstream product

• 1877-72-1 3-Cyanobenzoic acid 
• 24964-64-5 3-Cyanobenzaldehyde 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Rapid and column-free syntheses of acyl fluorides and peptides usingex situgenerated thionyl fluoride

Thionyl fluoride (SOF2) was first isolated in 1896, but there have been less than 10 subsequent reports of its use as a reagent for organic synthesis. This is partly due to a lack of facile, lab-scale methods for its generation. Herein we report a novel protocol for theex situgeneration of SOF2and subsequent demonstration of its ability to access both aliphatic and aromatic acyl fluorides in 55-98% isolated yields under mild conditions and short reaction times. We further demonstrate its aptitude in amino acid couplings, with a one-pot, column-free strategy that affords the corresponding dipeptides in 65-97% isolated yields with minimal to no epimerization. The broad scope allows for a wide range of protecting groups and both natural and unnatural amino acids. Finally, we demonstrated that this new method can be used in sequential liquid phase peptide synthesis (LPPS) to afford tri-, tetra-, penta-, and decapeptides in 14-88% yields without the need for column chromatography. We also demonstrated that this new method is amenable to solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), affording di- and pentapeptides in 80-98% yields.

Halide-Accelerated Acyl Fluoride Formation Using Sulfuryl Fluoride

Herein, we report a new one-pot sequential method for SO2F2-mediated nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions starting from carboxylic acids. A mechanistic study revealed that SO2F2-mediated acid activation proceeds via the anhydride, which is then converted to the corresponding acyl fluoride. Tetrabutylammonium chloride or bromide accelerate the formation of acyl fluoride. Optimized halide-accelerated conditions were used to synthesize acyl fluorides in 30-80percent yields, and esters, amides, and thioesters in 72-96percent yields without reoptimization for each nucleophile.

Direct Synthesis of Acyl Fluorides from Carboxylic Acids with the Bench-Stable Solid Reagent (Me4N)SCF3

A convenient, highly efficient, and selective transformation of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids to acyl fluorides is reported. In contrast to established approaches that require toxic or volatile additives and base and reaction control (i.e., cool

Elemental fluorine. Part 21. (1) direct fluorination of benzaldehyde derivatives

Direct fluorination of a range of benzaldehyde derivatives gives mixtures of fluorobenzaldehyde and benzoyl fluoride products in ratios that depend upon the nature of the ring substituent Electron-withdrawing substituents give predominantly benzoyl fluoride derivatives, whereas electron-donating substituents lead to fluoroarene systems. Separation of ring-fluorinated products can be easily accomplished by esterification of the benzoyl fluoride side products. Scale-up of these processes to provide significant quantities of appropriate fluorobenzaldehyde systems has also been achieved using continuous flow techniques.

The Relationship between 19F Substituent Chemical Shifts and Electron Densities: meta- and para-Substituted Benzoyl Fluorides

The 19F substituent chemical shifts (SCS) of meta- and para-benzoyl fluorides are found to correlate well with substituent parameters using the dual substituent parameter (DSP) equation, indicating that they reflect electronic perturbations induced by the substituent.The direction of the SCS values is such that donating substituents cause upfield shifts whilst acceptors cause downfield shifts.STO-3G calculations indicate that substituents induce only very small changes in ?-electron density about the fluorine atom, but that these changes correlate reasonably well with the observed SCS values.For the para series, the slope of the relationship between Δq?F and 19F SCS is 5000 ppm/electron, indicating the great sensitivity of the fluorine atom to small changes in electron density.