79004-62-9

Upstream product

• 829-20-9 2',4'-dimethoxyacetophenone 
• 613-45-6 2,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde 
• 75629-26-4 8-[(1S,5R,6S)-6-(2,4-Dimethoxy-benzoyl)-5-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-enyl]-2-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-chromen-4-one 
• 84323-17-1 (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-{(2S,6R)-6-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-2-[2-(3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-6-methoxy-benzofuran-5-yl]-4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl}-methanone 
• 20469-63-0 1-iodo-2,4-dimethoxybenzene 
• 67756-04-1 1-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one 

Downstream Products

• 22174-22-7 1,3-bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-one 
• 79056-25-0 8-[(1R,5R,6S)-6-(2,4-Dimethoxy-benzoyl)-5-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-enyl]-2-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-chromen-4-one 
• 75629-26-4 8-[(1S,5R,6S)-6-(2,4-Dimethoxy-benzoyl)-5-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-3-methyl-cyclohex-2-enyl]-2-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-chromen-4-one 
• 116589-24-3 (2,4-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-[3-(2,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-oxiranyl]-methanone 
• 25972-30-9 (E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one 
• 688743-13-7 C₃₂H₂₈N₂O₄ 
• 36685-67-3 (E)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one 
• 688743-14-8 4,6-bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Monodisperse NiPd alloy nanoparticles decorated on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride as a catalyst for the highly efficient chemoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketone compounds

Herein, the study reported extraordinary chemoselective reduction with selectivity (>99%) by the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of various α,β-unsaturated ketones with a catalyst of NiPd alloy nanoparticles decorated on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (NiPd/mpg-C3N4) under mild conditions in a water/methanol medium. NiPd alloy NPs were synthesized by the reduction of metal salts in oleylamine (OAm) solution with the help of borane-tert-butylamine and then decorated on mpg-C3N4via a liquid phase self-assembly method. The NiPd/mpg-C3N4 nanocatalyst was characterized by TEM, XRD and ICP-MS. The NiPd/mpg-C3N4 nanocatalyst is a highly active catalyst for the chemoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones and all organic compounds were converted with high yield and 99% selectivity. In addition, the catalyst can be reused five times without an important loss in reaction yield. This journal is

The synthesis of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones and their bioactivation in CYP1 expressing breast cancer cells

As part of a programme to develop anticancer prodrugs which are activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1, a library of 4,6-diaryl-2-pyridones was synthesised in yields of 6–60% from the corresponding chalcones. A number of these derivatives showed promising antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, while showing little toxicity towards a non-tumour breast cell line with no CYP expression. Metabolism studies provided evidence supporting the involvement of CYP1 enzymes in the bioactivation of these compounds.

The synthesis of chalcones as anticancer prodrugs and their bioactivation in CYP1 expressing breast cancer cells

Background: Although the expression levels of many P450s differ between tumour and corresponding normal tissue, CYP1B1 is one of the few CYP subfamilies which is significantly and consistently overexpressed in tumours. CYP1B1 has been shown to be active within tumours and is capable of metabolising a structurally diverse range of anticancer drugs. Because of this, and its role in the activation of procarcinogens, CYP1B1 is seen as an important target for anticancer drug development. Objective: To synthesise a series of chalcone derivatives based on the chemopreventative agent DMU-135 and investigate their antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. Method: A series of chalcones were synthesised in yields of 43-94% using the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. These were screened using a MTT assay against a panel of breast cancer cell lines which have been characterised for CYP1 expression. Result: A number of derivatives showed promising antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines which express CYP1B1 and CYP1A1, while showing significantly lower toxicity towards a non-tumour breast cell line with no CYP expression. Experiments using the CYP1 inhibitors acacetin and α-naphthoflavone provided supporting evidence for the involvement of CYP1 enzymes in the bioactivation of these compounds. Conclusion: Chalcones show promise as anticancer agents with evidence suggesting that CYP1 activation of these compounds may be involved.

Bi(OTf)3 catalyzed disproportionation reaction of cinnamyl alcohols

Bi(OTf)3 catalyzed disproportionation reaction of cinnamyl alcohols provides chalcones and benzyl styrenes. The use of various metal triflates is investigated herein for facile and efficient redox transformation. A plausible mechanism has been proposed.

Analogues of xanthones——Chalcones and bis-chalcones as α-glucosidase inhibitors and anti-diabetes candidates

Two series of compounds (chalcones and bis-chalcones) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) with 1-deoxynojirimycin as positive control in vitro. Most of the compounds with two or four hydroxyl groups showed better inhibitory activities than 1-deoxynojirimycin towards α-glucosidase with noncompetitive mechanism. Moreover, most of the hydroxy bis-chalcones exhibit good α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in enzyme test. Inspiringly, bis-chalcones 2g (at 1 μM concentration) has stronger effect than 1-deoxynojirimycin on reducing the glucose level in HepG-2 cells (human liver cancer cell line).

Synthetic studies towards the mulberry Diels-Alder adducts: H-bond accelerated cycloadditions of chalcones

The methyl ether derivatives 2, 4 and 6 of the mulberry Diels-Alder adducts chalcomoracin (1) and mulberrofuran C (3) and kuwanon J (5) respectively have been synthesized by a thermal [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction between a chalcone and dehydroprenyl die

Investigation of chalcones as selective inhibitors of the breast cancer resistance protein: Critical role of methoxylation in both inhibition potency and cytotoxicity

ABCG2 plays a major role in anticancer-drug efflux and related tumor multidrug resistance. Potent and selective ABCG2 inhibitors with low cytotoxicity were investigated among a series of 44 chalcones and analogues (1,3-diarylpropenones), by evaluating their inhibitory effect on the transport of mitoxantrone, a known ABCG2 substrate. Six compounds producing complete inhibition with IC50 values below 0.5 μM and high selectivity for ABCG2 were identified. The number and position of methoxy substituents appeared to be critical for both inhibition and cytotoxicity. The best compounds, with potent inhibition and low toxicity, contained an N-methyl-1-indolyl (compound 38) or a 6′-hydroxyl-2′,4′-dimethoxy-1-phenyl (compound 27) moiety (A-ring) and two methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6 of the 3-phenyl moiety (B-ring). Methoxy substitution contributed to inhibition at positions 3 and 5, but had a negative effect at position 4. Finally, methoxy groups at positions 3, 4, and 5 of the B-ring markedly increased cytotoxicity and, therefore, should be avoided.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of simple methoxylated chalcones as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents

Chalcones have been identified as interesting compounds with cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In the present study, simple methoxychalcones were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction and evaluated for above biological activities. The structures of the compounds were established by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral analysis. The data revealed that compound 3s (99-100% at 10 μM concentration) completely inhibit the selected five human cancer cell lines as compared to standard flavopiridol and gemcitabine (70-90% at 700 nM and 500 nM concentrations, respectively), followed by 3a, 3n, 3o, 3p, 3q, 3r. Among the tested compounds 3l, 3m, 3r, and 3s exhibited promising anti-inflammatory activity against TNF-α and IL-6 with 90-100% inhibition at 10 μM concentration. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was given by the compounds 3o, 3n, 3l, 3r, 3m, 3a, 3p, 3c and 3s at 1 mM concentration. Overall, 3s was obtained as lead compound with promising anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Bioavailability of compounds were checked by in vitro cytotoxicity study and confirmed to be nontoxic. The structure activity relationship (SAR) and in silico drug relevant properties (HBDs, HBAs, PSA, c Log P, ionization potential, molecular weight, EHOMO and ELUMO) further confirmed that the compounds were potential candidates for future drug discovery study.

Antimitotic and antiproliferative activities of chalcones: Forward structure-activity relationship

A series of 59 chalcones was prepared and evaluated for the antimitotic effect against K562 leukemia cells. The most active chalcones were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of 11 human and murine cell cancer lines. We found that three chalcones were of great interest as potential antimitotic drugs. In vivo safety studies conducted on one of the most active chalcones revealed that the compound was safe, allowing further in vivo antitumor evaluation.

Chalcones as potent tyrosinase inhibitors: The importance of a 2,4-substituted resorcinol moiety

Chalcones with tetra-substituted hydroxyl groups were synthesized and tested as tyrosinase inhibitors towards designing novel whitening agents, resulting with the most potent inhibitor, with IC50 of 0.02 μM concn. Compounds, which inhibit tyrosinase, could be effective as depigmenting agents. We have introduced a group of mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-substituted hydroxychalcones as effective tyrosinase inhibitors, showing that the most important factor determining tyrosinase inhibition efficiency is the position of the hydroxyl group(s) rather their number. The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of the different functional groups of the tetrahydroxychalcones to their inhibitory potency, with a view to optimizing the design of whitening agents. Four tetrahydroxychalcones were evaluated, the commercially available Butein and other three were synthesized, and their inhibitory effect on tyrosinase was tested. Results showed that a 2,4-substituted resorcinol subunit on ring B contributed the most to inhibitory potency. Changing the resorcinol substitute to position 3,5- or placing it on ring A significantly diminished the inhibitory effect of the compounds. A catechol subunit on ring A acted as a metal chelator (in the presence of copper ions) and as a competitive inhibitor (in the presence of tyrosinase), while a catechol on ring B oxidized to o-quinone (in the presence of both copper ions and tyrosinase). Three of the compounds also demonstrated antioxidant activity, which may contribute to the prevention of pigmentation. An examination of correlations between inhibitory activity and physical properties of the chalcones tested (such as dissociation energy and molecular planarity) showed positive correlation with the moment dipole value in the Y-axis, which may be used as an indicator of the inhibitory potential of new molecules. The present study revealed two very active tyrosinase inhibitors, 2,4,3′,4′- hydroxychalcone and 2,4,2′,4′-hydroxychalcone (with IC50 of 0.2 and 0.02 μM, respectively). Structure-related activity studies added some understanding of the role and contribution of different functional groups associated with tyrosinase inhibitors.