79514-49-1Relevant articles and documents
Novel Mechanism of Cytotoxicity for the Selective Selenosemicarbazone, 2-Acetylpyridine 4,4-Dimethyl-3-selenosemicarbazone (Ap44mSe): Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization
Al-Eisawi, Zaynab,Stefani, Christian,Jansson, Patric J.,Arvind, Akanksha,Sharpe, Philip C.,Basha, Maram T.,Iskander, George M.,Kumar, Naresh,Kovacevic, Zaklina,Lane, Darius J. R.,Sahni, Sumit,Bernhardt, Paul V.,Richardson, Des R.,Kalinowski, Danuta S.
, p. 294 - 312 (2016)
Selenosemicarbazones show marked antitumor activity. However, their mechanism of action remains unknown. We examined the medicinal chemistry of the selenosemicarbazone, 2-acetylpyridine 4,4-dimethyl-3-selenosemicarbazone (Ap44mSe), and its iron and copper complexes to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Ap44mSe demonstrated a pronounced improvement in selectivity toward neoplastic relative to normal cells compared to its parent thiosemicarbazone. It also effectively depleted cellular Fe, resulting in transferrin receptor-1 up-regulation, ferritin down-regulation, and increased expression of the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene-1. Significantly, Ap44mSe limited deleterious methemoglobin formation, highlighting its usefulness in overcoming toxicities of clinically relevant thiosemicarbazones. Furthermore, Cu-Ap44mSe mediated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, which was attenuated by the antioxidant, N-acetyl-l-cysteine, or Cu sequestration. Notably, Ap44mSe forms redox active Cu complexes that target the lysosome to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization. This investigation highlights novel structure-activity relationships for future chemotherapeutic design and underlines the potential of Ap44mSe as a selective anticancer/antimetastatic agent.
2-acetyl- and 2-propionylpyridine selenosemicarbazones
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to novel 2-acetyl- and 2-propionylpyridine selenosemicarbazones. These compounds are useful as antimalarial and antileukemic agents. Also disclosed are several synthetic procedures used to prepare the selenosemicarbazones.