8023-99-2

Basic information

• Product Name: PINE OIL
• Synonyms: PINE OIL, TAR;PINE OIL, WHITE;PINUS SYLVESTRIS OIL;FEMA 2906;CANADIAN PINE NEEDLE OIL;PINUS SYLVESTRIS LEAF OIL;OLEUMPINISILVESTRI;PINESCOTCHOIL
• CAS NO: 8023-99-2
• Molecular Weight: 0
• EINECS: 232-458-4
• Mol File: 8023-99-2.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: Colourless to light yellow Clear Mobile Liquid.
• CAS DataBase Reference: PINE OIL(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: PINE OIL(8023-99-2)
• EPA Substance Registry System: PINE OIL(8023-99-2)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 8023-99-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 8023-99-2 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Pine-needle oil is produced primarily in Eastern (Hungary) and Southeastern (Bulgaria) Europe by steam distillation of the needles of the Norwegian or Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris L. var. sylvestris or Pinus nigra Arnold ssp. nigra. It is a colorless or yellowish liquid with an aromatic, turpentine-like odor. In China, pine-needle oil is also obtained from Pinus massoniana Lamb. d25 0.857–0.885; n20D 1.4730–1.4785; α20D ?4 ° to +10 °; solubility: 1 vol in 6 vol of 90% ethanol, sometimes slightly opalescent; ester content (calculated as bornyl acetate): 1.5–5%.
2. Scotch pine tree grows to 20 to 25 m (66 to 82 ft) in height. It has a reddish-brown bark (rough or cracked) that detaches readily; long, blue-green needles (twined) forming a terminal cluster; and flowers from April to May. The staminiferous flowers are clustered at the branch tips, while the pistiliferous flowers are singular and reddish-purple in color, and they later yield scaly cones. The tree is widespread throughout Europe, Asia and North America. The parts used are the needles and twigs. Scotch Pine has a strong pine–turpentine odor.
3. The oil is obtained by steam distillation of the comminuted leaves (needles). It has a characteristic turpentine odor. It is produced mainly in Tyrol, Russia and the former Yugoslavia.

Physical properties

The oil is a clear, colorless or yellow-green, volatile liquid. It is soluble in most fixed oils, mineral oil (with opalescence). It is slightly soluble in propylene glycol and practically insoluble in glycerin. The physical–chemical constants vary widely, depending on the plant source.

Occurrence

Found in the leaves (needles) of Pinus sylvestris L. (Fam. Pinaceae).

Preparation

By steam-distillation of the leaves (needles) of P. sylvestris L.

Essential oil composition

Main constituents include α- and β-pinene, d- and l-limonene, aldehydes, dl-borneol, alcohols, terpene alcohols, bornyl acetate, phenols and fatty acids.

Composition

The barks were analyzed to biomonitor the pollution by estimating the following inorganic and organic substances: Al, As, B, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mo, NH4 +, Ni, NO3 -, PO4(3)-, Pb, Sr, SO4(2)-, Ti, V, W, Zr, Zn, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT).* The German oil contains dextro-pinene, d-sylvestrene, cadinene, and probably bornyl- or terpinyl-acetate (about 3.5%).

Toxicity evaluation

Both the acute oral LD50 value in rats and the acute dermal LD50 value in rabbits exceeded 5 g/kg (Levenstein, 1975). The acute oral LD50 for rats was determined by von Skramlik (1959) as 6.88 g/kg body weight, calculated to correspond to approximately 482g/70kg body weight in man.