8030-30-6

Hazards Identification

Pictogram(s):

Signal:

Danger

GHS Hazard Statements:

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]
H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
H340: May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]
H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]
H372 **: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]

Precautionary Statement Codes:

P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P281, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P321, P331, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Hazard Classes and Categories:

Flam. Liq. 2
Carc. 1A
Muta. 1B
Asp. Tox. 1
STOT RE 1
Skin Irrit. 2
Eye Irrit. 2
Flam. Liq. 2 (99.85%)
Asp. Tox. 1 (99.45%)
Skin Irrit. 2 (99.95%)
Eye Irrit. 2 (99.95%)
Muta. 1B (99.9%)
Carc. 1A (99.9%)
STOT RE 1 (100%)
Aquatic Chronic 3 (16.2%)
Flam. Liq. 2 (100%)
Asp. Tox. 1 (100%)
Skin Irrit. 2 (100%)
Eye Irrit. 2 (100%)
Muta. 1B (100%)
Carc. 1A (100%)
Flammable liquid - category 2
Carcinogenicity - category 1A
Germ cell mutagenicity - category 1B
Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 1
Eye irritation - category 2
Skin irritation - category 2
Aspiration hazard - category 1
Acute toxicity - category 4
Carcinogenicity - category 1B
Flammable liquids - Category 2
Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4
Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 2
Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2A
Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 2
Carcinogenicity - Category 1A
Reproductive toxicity - Category 2
Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (respiratory system), Category 3 (narcotic effects)
Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (central nervous system, hematopoietic system)
Aspiration hazard - Category 1
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 2
Carcinogens, Mutagens, Flammable - 3rd degree
Flammable - 4th degree

Hazards Summary:

Benzene is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor. It evaporates into the air very quickly and dissolves slightly in water. It is highly flammable and is formed from both natural processes and human activities. Benzene is widely used in the United States; it ranks in the top 20 chemicals for production volume. Some industries use benzene to make other chemicals which are used to make plastics, resins, and nylon and synthetic fibers. Benzene is also used to make some types of rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Natural sources of benzene include volcanoes and forest fires. Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke.

Usage

Uses

Used in Paints and Coatings Industry:
Petroleum ether is used as a diluent for paints and coatings to reduce their viscosity, making them easier to apply and improving their flow and leveling properties. Its low boiling point allows for faster evaporation, which shortens the drying time of the paint film and enhances the overall application process.
Used in Printing Inks Industry:
In the printing inks industry, petroleum ether is utilized as a solvent to dissolve and carry the ink's pigments and resins. Its high solvency power ensures that the ink components are well-dispersed, resulting in a consistent ink formulation that provides good print quality and performance.
Used in Rubber Industry:
Petroleum ether is employed as a processing aid and solvent in the rubber industry. It helps in the dissolution of rubber additives and facilitates the mixing and blending processes. Additionally, it can be used to clean rubber processing equipment, ensuring a contamination-free production environment.
Used in Cement Industry:
In the cement industry, petroleum ether is used as a diluent and grinding aid. It helps in reducing the viscosity of cement slurries, improving their flow properties, and enhancing the grinding efficiency of cement raw materials.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Petroleum ether is used as a pharmaceutical aid, specifically as a solvent in the manufacturing of various medications. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it suitable for extracting active pharmaceutical ingredients and preparing drug formulations.

Production Methods

High flash naphtha C19 aromatic hydrocarbon components are obtained by dehydrogenating naphthenes and are primarily ethyltoluene and trimethylbenzene.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are contained in NAPHTHA, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. When heated sufficiently or when ignited in the presence of air, oxygen or strong oxidizing agents, they burn exothermically to produce carbon dioxide and water. May be ignited by strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong oxidizers .

Hazard

Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosive limits in air 1–6%.

Health Hazard

Primarily a narcotic, causing unconsciousness in high concentrations. The symptoms of acute benzene poisoning are not likely, since the compound has components other than benzene.

Flammability and Explosibility

Extremelyflammable

Safety Profile

A human poison via intravenous route. Experimental carcinogenic effects reported by skin contact. Human systemic effects by intravenous route: dyspnea, respiratory stimulation, and other unspecified respiratory effects. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Can cause unconsciousness, which may be followed by coma, stentorious breathing, and bluish tint to the skin. Recovery follows removal from exposure. In mild form, intoxication resembles drunkenness. On a chronic basis, no true poisoning; sometimes headache, lack of appetite, dizziness, sleeplessness, indigestion, and nausea. A common air contaminant. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials. Keep containers tightly closed. Slight explosion hazard. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.

Potential Exposure

Naphthas are used as organic solvents for dissolving or softening rubber, oils, greases, bituminous paints, varnishes, and plastics. The less flammable fractions are used in dry cleaning. The heavy naphthas are used as a vehicle for various pesticides. Coal tar naphthas are used as quick-drying paint solvent; in the manufacture of floor coverings; resin solution; varnish; VM&P naphtha is used as a solvent for lacquers and varnishes and as a rapid-dry paint thinner.

Shipping

UN1136 Coal tar distillates, flammable, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.