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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Tetralone derivatives are MIF tautomerase inhibitors and attenuate macrophage activation and amplify the hypothermic response in endotoxemic mice

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing crucial role in immunity. MIF exerts a unique tautomerase enzymatic activity that has relevance concerning its multiple functions and its small molecule inhibitors have been proven to block its pro-inflammatory effects. Here we demonstrate that some of the E-2-arylmethylene-1-tetralones and their heteroanalogues efficiently bind to MIF’s active site and inhibit MIF tautomeric (enolase, ketolase activity) functions. A small set of the synthesised derivatives, namely compounds (4), (23), (24), (26) and (32), reduced inflammatory macrophage activation. Two of the selected compounds (24) and (26), however, markedly inhibited ROS and nitrite production, NF-κB activation, TNF-α, IL-6 and CCL-2 cytokine expression. Pre-treatment of mice with compound (24) exaggerated the hypothermic response to high dose of bacterial endotoxin. Our experiments suggest that tetralones and their derivatives inhibit MIF’s tautomeric functions and regulate macrophage activation and thermal changes in severe forms of systemic inflammation.

A simple iron-catalyst for alkenylation of ketones using primary alcohols

Herein, we developed a simple iron-catalyzed system for the α-alkenylation of ketones using primary alcohols. Such acceptor-less dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) of alcohols resulted in the synthesis of a series of important α,β-unsaturated functionalized ketones, having aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, nitro, nitrile and trifluoro-methyl, as well as halogen moieties, with excellent yields and selectivity. Initial mechanistic studies, including deuterium labeling experiments, determination of rate and order of the reaction, and quantitative determination of H2 gas, were performed. The overall transformations produce water and dihydrogen as byproducts.

Basic Anion-Exchange Resin-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation of Aromatic Ketones with Aldehydes in Continuous Flow

A general method for the aldol condensation of aromatic ketones with aldehydes was developed under continuous-flow conditions using a commercially available, strongly basic anion-exchange resin (A26) as catalyst. This procedure, in addition to exhibiting a wide substrate scope, promoted carbon-carbon bond formation under mild conditions using a quasi-stoichiometric ratio of starting reagents with good to excellent yields, thereby forming a limited amount of waste and allowing the process to be applied to sequential-flow systems. A proof of concept was developed in the first fully heterogeneously catalyzed two-step flow synthesis of donepezil, which is a blockbuster commercial anti-Alzheimer's drug.

Manganese(I)-Catalyzed α-Alkenylation of Ketones Using Primary Alcohols

A simple protocol of manganese catalyzed selective α-alkenylation of ketones using primary alcohols is reported. The reactions proceeded well with a low loading of catalyst (0.3 mol %). The overall transformation operates through O-H bond activation of pr

Solvent-free microwave enhanced synthesis of 2-arylidene-1-tetralones

A rapid and efficient method for the synthesis of 2-arylidene-1-tetralones 2 by the condensation of 1-tetralone 1 with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of p-toluenesulphonic acid (PTSA) in solvent free conditions under microwave irradiation is reported.

Improved microwave-induced synthesis of chalcones and related enones

Various chalcones and related enones have been synthesised in unsealed vessels in a domestic microwave oven.Considerable increase in the reaction rate has been observed with better yields.

Methods of using dihydropyrans

Methods of treating an immune disease, cell proliferation, restenosis and vascular smooth muscle cells using the pharmaceutical compounds of the formula STR1 in which R2 is phenyl, naphthyl or heteroaryl selected from thienyl, pyridyl, benzothi

Therapy for diabetic complications

This invention provides a method of treating diabetic complications in mammals which comprises the administration of a compound of the Formula I: STR1 in which n, R1, R2, R3, and R4 are variables.