80603-33-4Relevant articles and documents
A Planar-Chiral Phosphino(alkenyl)ferrocene for Suzuki-Miyaura C-C Coupling Reactions
Schaarschmidt, Dieter,Grumbt, Martin,Hildebrandt, Alexander,Lang, Heinrich
supporting information, p. 6676 - 6685 (2016/02/19)
Planar-chiral phosphinoferrocene [Fe(η5-C5H3-1-PPh2-2-(E)-CH=CHPh)(η5-C5H5)] (4) was applied in the presence of palladium in Suzuki-Miyaura couplings for the synthesis of sterically congested biaryls. The catalytic activity arises from homogeneous palladium phosphine complexes, of which the potential pre-catalyst [Pd(4)2Cl2] was characterized structurally. The catalytic system is excellently suited for the synthesis of tri-ortho-substituted biaryls under mild conditions (0.1 mol-%, 50-100 C), whereas its application towards the synthesis of tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls is quite limited. Comparing the performance of the reaction with 4 as catalyst and a range of substrates with differing ortho substituents suggests that transmetalation is rate determining. Complex (Sp)-4 was used in atropselective couplings, wherein enantioenrichments of up to 36 % were achieved. The stereoselectivity depends to some extent on the steric properties of the boronic acids; however, slight changes at the aryl halides influence the enantioselectivity.