85430-60-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Safe and Convenient Synthesis of Primary N -Nitramines in the Freon Media
Zharkov, Mikhail N.,Kuchurov, Ilya V.,Fomenkov, Igor V.,Tartakovsky, Vladimir A.,Fedyanin, Ivan V.,Zlotin, Sergei G.
supporting information, p. 1103 - 1108 (2017/02/24)
A convenient one-pot synthesis of primary aliphatic N-nitramines, which includes the nitration of available N,N′-dialkyloxalamides or N-alkylcarbamates with dinitrogen pentoxide in the 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane media followed by ammonolysis of intermediate N-nitroamides in the same solvent has been developed. The method is environmentally safe, and affords target N-nitramines in up to 94% overall yield.
Safe synthesis of alkylhydroxy and alkylamino nitramines
Antonsen, Simen,Aursnes, Marius,Gallantree-Smith, Harrison,Dye, Christian,Stenstr?m, Yngve
, (2016/12/30)
Three different protocols for the syntheses of hydroxyalkylnitramines are presented and compared. Safety issues regarding the synthesis of nitramines are also discussed.
Nitration of carbonic, sulfuric and oxalic acid-derived amides in liquid carbon dioxide
Kuchurov, Ilya V.,Fomenkov, Igor V.,Zlotin, Sergei G.,Tartakovsky, Vladimir A.
, p. 81 - 83 (2013/05/08)
N-Nitro- and N,N'-dinitroamides of carbonic, sulfuric and oxalic acids have been prepared in 76-99% yield by the nitration of the corresponding amides with dinitrogen pentoxide in liquid carbon dioxide.
Synthesis of cyclic N-nitrourethanes by the simultaneous oxidative desulfurization and nitration of cyclic thiourethanes
Willer, Rodney L.,Campbell, Christopher G.,Storey, Robson F.
experimental part, p. 421 - 423 (2012/06/18)
The reaction of five- and six-membered cyclic thiourethanes with acetyl nitrate results in a vigorous reaction that generates copious amounts of red-brown nitrogen oxide fumes and produces the corresponding cyclic N-nitrourethanes in high yields (>95%). The overall yield of the cyclic N-nitrourethanes starting from an aminoalcohol using the " thiourethane" route is superior to the conventional route going through the cyclic urethane. Copyright
Clean nitrations: Novel syntheses of nitramines and nitrate esters by nitrodesilylation reactions using dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)
Millar, Ross W.,Philbin, Simon P.
, p. 4371 - 4386 (2007/10/03)
In this novel nitration method dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) in an inert solvent is used as the nitrating agent, thereby removing the need for strong acids as the reaction medium. The N2O5 cleaves heteroatom-silicon bonds, in silylamines and silyl ethers respectively, to yield the desired energetic groupings (nitramines or nitrate esters respectively) without liberation of acids which would occur with conventional substrates (amines or alcohols). These nitrodesilylation reactions proceed cleanly and in good yield, and the scope of the reaction is illustrated by 29 examples, some of which produce high energy compounds, notably plasticisers and an energetic polymer precursor. These reactions are therefore potentially clean nitrations for the manufacture of energetic compounds which will minimise the impact of this activity on the environment in the future.
Gas/Solid Reactions with Nitrogen Dioxide
Kaupp, Gerd,Schmeyers, Jens
, p. 5494 - 5503 (2007/10/02)
Numerous gas/solid reactions of nitrogen dioxide with organic substrates are investigated preparatively and mechanistically.Gaseous NO2 reacts with crystalline stable free radicals (nitroxyls 1, verdazyl 6) by electron transfer.The nitrite ions formed are irreversibly oxidized by NO2 via oxygen atom transfer.Solid cation nitrates are formed quantitatively.Thione bonds of thiohydantoins 8 are transformed to carbonyl bonds with formation of sulfur and NO presumably via nitrites as intermediates.Hydantoin 13 oxygenates at its free 5-methylene group via C-H abstraction and nitrite or it undergoes N-1 nitration via N-H abstraction depending on the conditions.Both reactions proceed quantitatively. 1,3-Oxazolidin-2-one (15) gives N-nitration and N-nitrosation with the NO produced.Nonenolized crystalline barbituric acids 17 are quantitatively nitrated (C-N bond formation with radicals) at their methylene groups. 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (19) and vanilline (22) give quantitative aromatic nitration (C-N bond formation with arenes) without melting.All possible regioisomers are formed.Solid 9-methylanthracene (26) gives a quantitative yield of its 10-nitro derivative 27.Crystalline anthracene (28) and gaseous NO2 yield 3 primary products 29 (cis; trans) and the new dimeric product 30 as well as the stable secondary products 31 and 32.The gas/solid tetranitration of tetraphenylethylene (33) is severely hindered by the water of reaction.However, a 95percent yield of pure tetrakis(p-nitrophenyl)ethylene is obtained if the drying agent MgSO4*2H2O is admixed and the product 34 extracted.The gas/solid procedures avoid solvents and fuming nitric acid.They give pure products without necessity for recrystallization in most cases and they avoid wastes.Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements on prominent faces of single crystals of 1a, 11a, 28, and 33 reveal phase rebuildings with well-directed long-range molecular transport.Nanoliquids were only present on (110) of 28.The characteristic AFM features are correlated with known X-ray crystal structure data and compared with previous results.The shape of the features depends on the molecular packing in the crystal bulk and on the molecular shapes.Molecular interpretations of the AFM features are given.
