86867-57-4Relevant articles and documents
Binaphthyl-bridged bis-imidazolinium salts as N-heterocyclic carbene ligand precursors in the palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction
Wu, Hui,Jin, Can,Huang, Guoli,Wang, Lianjun,Jiang, Juli,Wang, Leyong
experimental part, p. 951 - 956 (2012/02/05)
Two new bis-imidazolinium salts (4a, 4b) have been synthesized as precursors of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) from the commercially available (R)-2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-binaphthalene. The two bis-imidazolinium salts were used as efficient precursor of NHC ancillary ligands in the palladium-catalyzed Heck reaction. Good to excellent yields and high stereoselectivities were obtained with ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide as starting materials. The structure of bis-imidazolinium salt 4b was further characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011.