91598-92-4

Usage

Uses

Used in Environmental Monitoring:
Acetamide, N-(8-hydroxy-1-pyrenyl)is used as a biomarker for monitoring exposure to diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEP). It helps in assessing the impact of DEP on human health and the environment by providing a reliable measure of exposure levels.
Used in Health Research:
In the field of health research, Acetamide, N-(8-hydroxy-1-pyrenyl)is utilized as a marker to study the effects of DEP exposure on human health. This aids in understanding the potential risks associated with DEP and contributes to the development of strategies for mitigating its harmful effects.

InChI:InChI=1/C18H13NO2/c1-10(20)19-15-8-4-11-2-3-12-5-9-16(21)14-7-6-13(15)17(11)18(12)14/h2-9,21H,1H3,(H,19,20)

Upstream product

• 108-24-7 acetic anhydride 
• 1732-29-2 1-hydroxy-8-nitropyrene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Role of O-acetyltransferase in activation of oxidised metabolites of the genotoxic environmental pollutant 1-nitropyrene

The genotoxic environmental contaminant 1-nitropyrene is metabolised in mammalian systems by pathways more complex than the straightforward nitroreduction which accounts for most of its biological activity in bacteria. In order to evaluate the role of O-acetyltransferase (OAT) activity in generation of genotoxic intermediates from 1-nitropyrene, the mutagenicity of the major primary oxidised metabolites of 1-nitropyrene was characterised in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium plate incorporation assay with strain TA98, and with variants of TA98 deficient (TA98/1,8-DNP6) or enhanced (YG1024) in O-acetyltransferase. 1-Nitropyren-3-ol was more mutagenic in the absence than in the presence of S9, while 1-nitropyren-4-ol, 1-nitropyren-6-ol and 1-nitropyren-8-ol required S9 for maximum expression of mutagenicity. 1-Nitropyren-4-ol (176 rev/nmol without S9, 467 rev/nmol with S9 in TA98) and 1-nitropyren-6-ol (13 rev/nmol without S9, 266 rev/nmol with S9 in TA98) were overall the most potent nitropyrenol isomers assayed. 1-Acetamidopyren-8-ol and 1-acetamidopyrene 4,5-quinone were only minimally active. 1-Acetamidopyren-3-ol exhibited direct-acting mutagenicity. 1-Acetamidopyren-6-ol, previously shown to be a major contributor to mutagenicity in the urines of rats dosed with 1-nitropyrene (Ball et al., 1984b), was confirmed as a potent (359 rev/nmol) S9-dependent mutagen. Both the direct-acting and the S9-dependent mutagenicity of all the compounds studied was enhanced in the OAT-overproducing strain and much diminished (though not always entirely lost) in the OAT-deficient strain, showing that OAT amplifies expression of the genotoxicity of these compounds. 1-Acetamidopyren-6-ol required both S9 and OAT activity in order to exhibit any mutagenicity; this finding strongly implicates N-hydroxylation followed by O-esterification, as opposed to further S9-catalyzed ring oxidation, as a major route of activation for urinary metabolites of 1-nitropyrene.