91658-12-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Organocerium additions to proline-derived hydrazones: Synthesis of enantiomerically enriched amines
Denmark, Scott E.,Edwards, James P.,Weber, Theodor,Piotrowski, David W.
experimental part, p. 1278 - 1302 (2010/11/02)
The addition of organocerium reagents (from both organolithium and organomagnesium precursors) to chiral aldehyde hydrazones prepared from 1-aminoproline derivatives has been studied. The additions proceed in good yield and high diastereoselectivity and with good nucleophile (Me, n-Bu, i-Pr, t-Bu, Ph, etc.) and substrate scope (alkyl, alkenyl and aryl). The resulting hydrazines can be converted to amines by N-N bond cleavage through hydrogenolysis (Raney nickel) or by acylation and cleavage with Li/NH 3. The influence of the side chain on the diastereoselectivity was investigated through variation of the substituents to include more coordinating atoms (oxygen and nitrogen) as well as the removal of coordinating atoms. The SAMEMP auxiliary bearing a 2-methoxyethoxymethyl group gave the highest diastereoselectivities. Remarkably, auxiliaries bearing simple methyl and isobutyl substituents gave high selectivities as well. Hypotheses for the origin of the selectivity are presented.
ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESES VIA METALATED CHIRAL HYDRAZONESOVERALL ENANTIOSELECTIVE α-ALKYLATION OF ACYCLIC KETONES
Enders, D.,Eichenauer, H.,Baus, U.,Schubert, H.,Kremer, K. A. M.
, p. 1345 - 1359 (2007/10/02)
A general method is described, which allows the overall enantioselective α-alkylation of acyclic ketones in good overall yields (44-86percent, 4 steps) and enantioselectivities ranging routinely from >94percent ee up to virtually complete asymmetric induction (99.5percent ee).The acyclic ketones are transformed to their corresponding "SAMP-hydrazones" (S)-2 by reaction with the enantiomerically pure hydrazine (S)-1-amino-2-methoxymethyl-pyrrolidine , readily available from (S)-proline.Metalation to form chiral azaenolates (S)-3 of ECCZCN-configuration and then alkylation to product hydrazones 4, followed by hydrazone cleavage via acidic hydrolysis of methiodides 9 in a two phase system or ozonolysis, leads to α-substituted, enantiomerically enriched, acyclic ketones 5.In special cases, where a phenyl group is directly attached to the newly generated center of chirality (5n,o,p), only low enantiomeric excesses are observed. 17 Examples, including first applications in natural product synthesis (cf 5a,b,e, and h) are summarized.
