95600-18-3

Upstream product

• 86-20-4 9-ethyl-3-nitro-carbazole 
• 82298-49-5 (E)-9,9′-diethyl-3,3′-azocarbazole 
• 104563-32-8 3-azoxy-9-ethylcarbazole 
• 1484-06-6 9-iso-Amylcarbazol 
• 168060-16-0 9-(3-Methyl-butyl)-3-nitro-9H-carbazole 
• 82298-50-8 9,9'-diethyl-Z-3,3'-azocarbazole 
• 86-28-2 N-ethylcarbazole 
• 185011-61-4 9-Ethyl-N⁴-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9H-carbazole-3,4-diamine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Alkali-induced Formation of ortho-Semidines from 3-Nitro- and 3-Azocarbazoles - Synthesis of 8,16-Dialkyldiindolo[3,2-a,d]phenazines

The ortho-semidines 9-alkyl-4-(9-alkylcarbazol-3-ylamino)-3-aminocarbazoles (2a-d) are formed either by reduction of 9-alkyl-3-nitro-carbazoles (1a-d) or of the azo-(6) or the azoxycarbazoles (7) with zinc in alkaline alcoholic solution. It could be shown by cross experiments that the semidines 2 result from an intramolecular rearrangement. The compounds 2a-d are oxidized by air or H2O2 to the 8,16-dialkyldiindolo[3,2-a,d]phenazines (3a-d). Reduction of 1a-c with Raney-alloy affords the 9-alkyl-3-azoxycarbazoles 7a-c in good yields.