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N-hexane

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Name

N-hexane

EINECS 203-777-6
CAS No. 110-54-3 Density 0.659 g/cm3
PSA 0.00000 LogP 2.58660
Solubility insoluble in water Melting Point - 95 °C
Formula C6H14 Boiling Point 68.536 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 86.1772 Flash Point -22oC
Transport Information UN 3295 3/PG 2 Appearance Colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor
Safety 9-16-29-33-60-61-62-36/37-45-36/37/39-53 Risk Codes 11-38-50/53-65-67-62-51/53-48/20-36/37/38
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 110-54-3 (Hexane) Hazard Symbols FlammableF,HarmfulXn,DangerousN
Synonyms

NSC68472;Skellysolve B;Hexane;

Article Data 693

N-hexane Synthetic route

592-41-6

1-hexene

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; In tetrahydrofuran at 90℃; under 5250.4 Torr; for 0.166667h; Product distribution; other olefins, other catalysts; var. temp., solv., press., and time;100%
With hydrogen; (iPrPDI)Fe(N2)2 at 20℃; under 3040 Torr; for 19h;100%
With Wilkinson's catalyst; hydrogen In dichloromethane-d2 at 45℃; under 3000.3 Torr; for 6h; Concentration; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature; Time; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;100%
592-41-6

1-hexene

1333-74-0

hydrogen

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With C61H98ClN3P2Ru In dichloromethane-d2 at 50℃; under 3040.2 Torr; for 4h; Reagent/catalyst; Time;100%
With triethylsilane; ReH(NO)2(P(CH(CH3)2)3)2; tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate at 100℃; under 30003 Torr; for 1h; Catalytic behavior; Autoclave;
With triethylsilane; [ReH(NO)2(P(C6H11)3)2]; tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate at 100℃; under 30003 Torr; for 1h; Catalytic behavior; Autoclave;

C26H30CoN4(1+)*ClO4(1-)

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sulfuric acid; oxygen at 60℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 12h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst;100%
592-41-6

1-hexene

A

4050-45-7

trans-2-hexene

B

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Rh complex with phosphoryl-terminated carbosilane dendrimer; hydrogen In acetone at 25℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 2h; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reagents;A 0.5%
B 99.5%
With hydrogen; poly-1,2,3-triazolyl ferrocenyl dendrimer-Pd nanoparticle In methanol; chloroform at 25℃; under 760.051 Torr;A 57%
B 43%
With hydrogen; Pd(salen) encapsuled in zeolite X at 25℃; under 400 Torr; for 24h; Product distribution; var. catalysts; cyclohexene;
928-49-4

hex-3-yne

A

7642-09-3

cis-3-hexene

B

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; copper-palladium; silica gel In ethanol at 25℃; under 760 Torr; Kinetics;A 99.5%
B n/a
With bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)titanium(III) hydride; hydrogen In (2)H8-toluene for 0.25h; Sealed tube;A 80%
B 20%
With silica-supported frustrated Lewis pair 3a (HBC6F5)2; (4-hydroxyphenyl)biphenylphosphine; [(SiO)2AliBuEt2O)]) In pentane at 80℃; under 30003 Torr; for 4h; Reagent/catalyst; stereoselective reaction;
592-41-6

1-hexene

1165952-92-0

cyclohexa-1,4-diene

A

110-54-3

hexane

B

110-83-8

cyclohexene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With C24H72Ba2N4Si8 In (2)H8-toluene at 120℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Sealed tube;A 99%
B n/a
111-14-8

oenanthic acid

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; silica gel; palladium at 330℃; Ni/Al2O3, 180 deg C;98%
With 10-phenyl-9-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)acridinium tetrafluoroborate; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; diphenyldisulfane In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 48h; Irradiation;40%
With barytes
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: borane-d3-tetrahydrofuran / tetrahydrofuran
2: pyridinium dichlorochromate / dichloromethane
3: aldehyde deformylating oxygenase / glycerol / 0.08 h / pH 7.5
View Scheme
764-35-2

2-Hexyne

A

592-47-2

3-hexene

B

4050-45-7

trans-2-hexene

C

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; palladium In ethanol at 30℃; under 15200 Torr; Product distribution;A 0.8%
B 98%
C 1.2%
591-78-6

n-hexan-2-one

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; K-10 montmorillonite; platinum In diethylene glycol dimethyl ether under 37503 Torr; for 20h; Reduction;98%
With hydrogen; aluminum oxide; nickel at 190℃;88%
With hydrogen at 100℃; under 750.075 Torr; for 3h;
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: hydrogen / cyclohexane / 120 °C / 45004.5 Torr
2: hydrogen / cyclohexane / 120 °C / 45004.5 Torr
View Scheme
110-13-4

2,5-hexanedione

110-54-3

hexane

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen; K-10 montmorillonite; platinum In diethylene glycol dimethyl ether under 37503 Torr; for 20h; Reduction;98%
Stage #1: 2,5-hexanedione With hydrogen at 120℃; under 20702.1 Torr; for 0.5h;
Stage #2: at 200℃; under 20702.1 Torr; for 5h; Reagent/catalyst;
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: palladium/alumina; hydrogen / 0.5 h / 200 °C / 20702.1 Torr
2: palladium/alumina; hydrogen / 4 h / 200 °C / 20702.1 Torr
View Scheme

N-hexane Specification

The N-hexane, with the CAS registry number 110-54-3, it is also named as Dipropyl. The product's categories are Analytical Chemistry; Solvents for HPLC & Spectrophotometry; Solvents for Spectrophotometry; Anhydrous Solvents; Synthetic Organic Chemistry; n-Paraffins (GC Standard); Standard Materials for GC. It is clear colorless liquids with a petroleum-like odor that is stable, incompatible with oxidizing agents, chlorine, fluorine, magnesium perchlorate. And n-Hexane is highly flammable, so people should keep it away from sources of ignition. What's more, it may be sensitive to light and may also be sensitive to prolonged exposure to heat.  

Physical properties about N-hexane are: 
(1)ACD/LogP: 3.76; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 3.764; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 3.764; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 427.313; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 427.313; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 2658.84; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 2658.84; (9)#H bond acceptors: 0; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 3; (12)Index of Refraction: 1.384; (13)Molar Refractivity: 29.846 cm3; (14)Molar Volume: 127.576 cm3; (15)Polarizability: 11.832×10-24 cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 20.32 dyne/cm; (17)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 28.85 kJ/mol; (18)Vapour Pressure: 150.927 mmHg at 25°C; (19)Rotatable Bond Count: 3; (20)Exact Mass: 86.10955; (21)MonoIsotopic Mass: 86.10955; (22)Heavy Atom Count: 6; (23)Complexity: 12.

Preparation of N-hexane: 
It is produced by the refining of crude oil. The exact composition of the fraction depends largely on the source of the oil (crude or reformed) and the constraints of the refining. The industrial product (usually around 50% by weight of the straight-chain isomer) is the fraction boiling at 65–70 °C.

Uses of N-hexane: 
It is used in solvents to extract oils for cooking and as a cleansing agent for shoe, furniture and textile manufacturing. It is mostly used in gasoline. They are also used as a solvent and as a medium for various polymerization reactions. A typical laboratory use of hexanes is to extract oil and grease contaminants from water and soil for analysis. In addition, n-Hexane can react with hex-1-ene to get benzene. This reaction needs reagent H2 and catalytic agent Pt-Re/h-Al2O3 at temperature of 510 °C. The yield is 60%.


Safety information of N-hexane:
When you are using N-hexane, please be cautious about it as the following:It is not only irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin, but also very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. And it is also risk of impaired fertility. In addition, this chemical may cause lung damage if swallowed. So people should not empty into drains and take precautionary measures against static discharges. If swallowed, do not induce vomitting; seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. If you want to contact this product, you must wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. 

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1. SMILES:CCCCCC
2. InChI:InChI=1/C6H14/c1-3-5-6-4-2/h3-6H2,1-2H3
3. InChIKey:VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYAD

The toxicity data of N-hexane is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
human TCLo inhalation 190ppm/8W (190ppm) PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN NERVE OR SHEATH American Journal of Industrial Medicine. Vol. 10, Pg. 111, 1986.
 
mouse LCLo inhalation 120gm/m3 (120000mg/m3) BEHAVIORAL: GENERAL ANESTHETIC

CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 143, Pg. 223, 1929.
mouse LDLo intravenous 831mg/kg (831mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 37, Pg. 56, 1975.
 
rabbit LDLo intravenous 132mg/kg (132mg/kg)   Haematologica. Vol. 58, Pg. 491, 1973.
rat LC50 inhalation 48000ppm/4H (48000ppm)   Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Vol. 22, Pg. 145, 1982.
rat LD50 oral 25gm/kg (25000mg/kg)   Industrial Health. Vol. 32, Pg. 145, 1994.
rat LDLo intraperitoneal 9100mg/kg (9100mg/kg)   Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 1, Pg. 156, 1959.

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