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product name: | phosphorus pentoxide |
synonyms: | granulated;di-phosphorus pentoxide;diphosphorus pentaoxide;eaton's reagent;sicapent;sicapent(r);phosphoric anhydride;phosphoric acid anhydride |
cas: | 1314-56-3 |
mf: | o5p2 |
mw: | 141.94 |
einecs: | 215-236-1 |
product categories: | inorganic chemicals;inorganics;element oxide;organics;phosphate |
mol file: | 1314-56-3.mol |
phosphorus pentoxide chemical properties |
mp | 340 °c(lit.) |
bp | 122 °c (1 mmhg) |
density | 2.3 g/ml at 25 °c(lit.) |
vapor density | 4.9 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 1 mm hg ( 384 °c) |
refractive index | 1.433-1.436 |
fp | 340-360°c |
storage temp. | store at rt. |
sensitive | moisture sensitive |
merck | 14,7355 |
sublimation | 340-360 ºc |
stability: | stability stable, but reacts violently with water, alcohols, metals, sodium, potassium, ammonia, oxidizing agents, hf, peroxides, magnesium, strong bases. |
cas database reference | 1314-56-3(cas database reference) |
nist chemistry reference | diphosphorus pentoxide(1314-56-3) |
epa substance registry system | phosphorus oxide (p2o5)(1314-56-3) |
safety information |
hazard codes | c |
risk statements | 35 |
safety statements | 22-26-45 |
ridadr | un 1807 8/pg 2 |
wgk germany | 1 |
rtecs | th3945000 |
f | 3-10 |
hazardclass | 8 |
packinggroup | ii |
hazardous substances data | 1314-56-3(hazardous substances data) |
msds information |
provider | language |
---|---|
sigmaaldrich | english |
acros | english |
alfa | english |
phosphorus pentoxide usage and synthesis |
outline | also known as phosphoric anhydride, phosphorus pentoxide is phosphorus oxides generated by combustion of white phosphorus, yellow or red phosphorus in dry air, soft white powder or colorless monoclinic crystal at room temperature, easily deliquescence, melting point is 580 ~ 585 ℃, relative density is 2.39, sublimation is 347 ℃. when heated under pressure to 563 ℃, crystalline substance translates to amorphous glass (melt). it is insoluble in acetone, ammonia, soluble in sulfuric acid. it is easy to absorb moisture in the air, easy to absorb moisture, and have a strong dehydration, can even dehydrate concentrated sulfuric acid to produce sulfur trioxide, is a potent desiccant, reacts violently with water and emits heat and white smoke. per mole of phosphorus pentoxide releases 68 kilocalories, usually generate metaphosphate with cold water, and generate mainly phosphoric acid with hot water. according to the amount of water added, it can generate different pentavalent phosphorus oxyacid, such as metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, etc. it is used to make high purity phosphoric acid, as well as gas and liquid desiccant, organic synthetic dehydrating agent. |
risk category | class 8.1 acidic corrosive product |
hazardous characteristics |
non-combustible. but encountering water and organic materials such as wood, cotton or straw, it reacts violently to release heat, may cause a fire. contacting water, it can emit a lot of smoke and heat. the case of the moisture, it corrodes most metals slightly. a strong local irritation, vapor with dust can severely irritate the eyes, mucous membranes, skin and respiratory system, and corrode the skin, mucous membranes. even the dust concentration of 1mg / m3, it is unbearable. the above information is edited by the chemicalbook of yan yanyong. |
reference quality standards |
item index chemically pure analytically pure specific level content (phosphorus pentoxide) ≥99% ≥99.5% ≥99.5% active r value 1.2 1.7 2.0 reducing substances (in terms p2o3) ≤0.02% ≤0.01% ≤0.005% clarity test pass pass pass water insoluble matter ≤0.02% ≤0.01% ≤0.01% total nitrogen (n) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% heavy metals (in pb) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% iron content (fe) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% arsenic content (as) ≤0.01% ≤0.005% ≤0.0025% |
reaction with water |
it reacts with cold water to produce extremely toxic metaphosphate: p2o5 + h2o = 2hpo3 and reacts with hot water to produce ontoxic orthophosphate: p2o5 + 3h2o = (heating) 2h3po4, an exothermic reaction, the phenomenon is not very intense. |
toxicity |
phosphorus pentoxide smoke irritates mucous membranes, has irritation and burning effects for skin (tissue dehydration). maximum allowable concentration is 1mg / rn3. production equipment and pipelines should be closed, and maintain good ventilation. production workers should wear labor protective equipments and wear protective respirator, when there are phosphorus pentoxide vapor and smoke , should wear protective masks. pay attention to protect the skin, do not import, or meet the eye. if accidentally touches the skin, immediately wash with clean water. |
water absorption | there is a strong water imbibition, and easily deliquescent in the air, corrosive to the skin. the maximum allowable concentration in the workplace is 1mg / m3. the drying efficiency of phosphorus pentoxide is 1 cubic meter 0.00001 grams of water vapor content at 298k, namely dried by phosphorus pentoxide, water left per cubic meter of air is up to 0.00001 gram, phosphorus pentoxide can make sulfuric acid, nitric acid dehydration. when the amount of phosphorus pentoxide and water substance is 1: 6, phosphorus pentoxide can convert to orthophosphoric acid. |
chemical properties | white monoclinic crystal or powder. dissolved in water to produce phosphoric acid and release a lot of heat, dissolved in sulfuric acid. insoluble in acetone and ammonia. |
application |
used as a drying agent, dehydrating agent, sugar refining agent, and used for the preparation of phosphoric acid, phosphorous compounds and aerosol, etc. used as a semiconductor silicon doped source, dehydration drying agent, organic synthetic condensing agent and surfactant, it is also used for preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. it is used as raw material for the production of high purity phosphoric acid, phosphates and phosphate, also used for the preparation of phosphorus pentoxide sol and h-based aerosol. it can be used as a desiccant of gases and liquids, dehydrating agent for organic synthesis, antistatic agents of synthetic fiber and sugar refining agent. it is also used in the manufacture of optical glass, uv transparent glass, insulating glass, microcrystalline glass and opaque glass, etc, so as to improve the dispersion coefficient and uv light through ability of the glass. also used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, surfactants. it is used as the semiconductor dopant, and raw material for the preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. it is used as desiccant and dehydrating agent, condensing agent in organic synthesis. high purity grade phosphorus pentoxide can be used as dopant for drawing optical fiber preform, n type dopant for the manufacture of integrated circuits, used for the synthesis of optical crystal. |
production method |
reagent grade phosphorus pentoxide is as raw material, purified by burning sublimation in sufficiently dry oxygen gas stream, trapping sublimate by the condenser, to obtain high-purity phosphorus pentoxide products. yellow phosphorus is heated and melted by oxidation method, transfered to the oxidation furnace for oxidation combustion reaction with dry air (via dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid), phosphorus pentoxide produced is sublimated by heat, cold in the top of burners and falls into interior settling chamber at the bottom, to prepare pentoxide products. exhaust escapes from the oxidation furnace to a cyclone to recover phosphorus pentoxide dust. recycling and the settling chamber finished product are together packaged as a finished product. p4 + 5o2 → 2p2o5 |
category | corrosive materials |
toxicity grading | highly toxic |
acute toxicity | inhalation - rat lc50: 1217 mg / m3 / 1 hour, inhalation - mouse lc50: 271 mg / m3 / 1 hour |
flammability hazard characteristics | contacting water to produce smoke. |
storage characteristics | treasury ventilation low-temperature drying, stored separately from oxidants |
chemical properties | white solid |
extinguishing agent | dry sand, dry soil, ban on water |
occupational standards | twa 1 mg / cubic meter, stel 2 mg / cubic meter |
general description | a white amorphous powder. corrosive to metals and tissue and moderately toxic. |
air & water reactions | readily absorbs moisture from the air forming a syrup of meta-, pyro-, and orthophosphoric acids. reacts violently with water releasing considerable heat [oldbury chemicals, p. 9]. |
reactivity profile | phosphorus pentoxide reacts violently and exothermically with water. the heat can ignite surrounding or admixed combustible materials. undergoes hazardous or violent reactions with metal hydroxides and oxides, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid, iodides, metals (in particular potassium and sodium), oxidizing agents (bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, perchloric acid, oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide), ammonia, and proparygl alcohol. [bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1781; epa, 1998]. a violent explosion occurs if a solution of perchloric acid in chloroform is poured over phosphorus pentaoxide [epa, 1998]. |
health hazard | powder and fumes in the air are irritating to eyes and the respiratory tract. particles in contact with eye react vigorously and even a small amount may cause permanent burns. contact with the skin will cause severe burns. ingestion will damage the gastrointestinal tract. corrosive to skin, mucous membranes and eyes. |
fire hazard | reacts violently with water to evolve heat. flammable poisonous gases may accumulate in tanks and hopper cars. phosphorus pentoxide reacts violently with the following: ammonia, hydrofluoric acid, oxygen difluoride, potassium, sodium, propargyl alcohol, calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and chlorine trifluoride. a violent explosion occurs if a solution of perchloric acid in chloroform is poured over phosphorus pentoxide. avoid formic acid, hydrogen fluoride, inorganic bases, metals, oxidants, water. readily absorbs moisture from air to form meta-, pryo-, or orthophosphoric acid. |
phosphorus pentoxide preparation products and raw materials |
product name: | phosphorus pentoxide |
synonyms: | granulated;di-phosphorus pentoxide;diphosphorus pentaoxide;eaton's reagent;sicapent;sicapent(r);phosphoric anhydride;phosphoric acid anhydride |
cas: | 1314-56-3 |
mf: | o5p2 |
mw: | 141.94 |
einecs: | 215-236-1 |
product categories: | inorganic chemicals;inorganics;element oxide;organics;phosphate |
mol file: | 1314-56-3.mol |
phosphorus pentoxide chemical properties |
mp | 340 °c(lit.) |
bp | 122 °c (1 mmhg) |
density | 2.3 g/ml at 25 °c(lit.) |
vapor density | 4.9 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 1 mm hg ( 384 °c) |
refractive index | 1.433-1.436 |
fp | 340-360°c |
storage temp. | store at rt. |
sensitive | moisture sensitive |
merck | 14,7355 |
sublimation | 340-360 ºc |
stability: | stability stable, but reacts violently with water, alcohols, metals, sodium, potassium, ammonia, oxidizing agents, hf, peroxides, magnesium, strong bases. |
cas database reference | 1314-56-3(cas database reference) |
nist chemistry reference | diphosphorus pentoxide(1314-56-3) |
epa substance registry system | phosphorus oxide (p2o5)(1314-56-3) |
safety information |
hazard codes | c |
risk statements | 35 |
safety statements | 22-26-45 |
ridadr | un 1807 8/pg 2 |
wgk germany | 1 |
rtecs | th3945000 |
f | 3-10 |
hazardclass | 8 |
packinggroup | ii |
hazardous substances data | 1314-56-3(hazardous substances data) |
msds information |
provider | language |
---|---|
sigmaaldrich | english |
acros | english |
alfa | english |
phosphorus pentoxide usage and synthesis |
outline | also known as phosphoric anhydride, phosphorus pentoxide is phosphorus oxides generated by combustion of white phosphorus, yellow or red phosphorus in dry air, soft white powder or colorless monoclinic crystal at room temperature, easily deliquescence, melting point is 580 ~ 585 ℃, relative density is 2.39, sublimation is 347 ℃. when heated under pressure to 563 ℃, crystalline substance translates to amorphous glass (melt). it is insoluble in acetone, ammonia, soluble in sulfuric acid. it is easy to absorb moisture in the air, easy to absorb moisture, and have a strong dehydration, can even dehydrate concentrated sulfuric acid to produce sulfur trioxide, is a potent desiccant, reacts violently with water and emits heat and white smoke. per mole of phosphorus pentoxide releases 68 kilocalories, usually generate metaphosphate with cold water, and generate mainly phosphoric acid with hot water. according to the amount of water added, it can generate different pentavalent phosphorus oxyacid, such as metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, etc. it is used to make high purity phosphoric acid, as well as gas and liquid desiccant, organic synthetic dehydrating agent. |
risk category | class 8.1 acidic corrosive product |
hazardous characteristics |
non-combustible. but encountering water and organic materials such as wood, cotton or straw, it reacts violently to release heat, may cause a fire. contacting water, it can emit a lot of smoke and heat. the case of the moisture, it corrodes most metals slightly. a strong local irritation, vapor with dust can severely irritate the eyes, mucous membranes, skin and respiratory system, and corrode the skin, mucous membranes. even the dust concentration of 1mg / m3, it is unbearable. the above information is edited by the chemicalbook of yan yanyong. |
reference quality standards |
item index chemically pure analytically pure specific level content (phosphorus pentoxide) ≥99% ≥99.5% ≥99.5% active r value 1.2 1.7 2.0 reducing substances (in terms p2o3) ≤0.02% ≤0.01% ≤0.005% clarity test pass pass pass water insoluble matter ≤0.02% ≤0.01% ≤0.01% total nitrogen (n) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% heavy metals (in pb) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% iron content (fe) ≤0.002% ≤0.001% ≤0.001% arsenic content (as) ≤0.01% ≤0.005% ≤0.0025% |
reaction with water |
it reacts with cold water to produce extremely toxic metaphosphate: p2o5 + h2o = 2hpo3 and reacts with hot water to produce ontoxic orthophosphate: p2o5 + 3h2o = (heating) 2h3po4, an exothermic reaction, the phenomenon is not very intense. |
toxicity |
phosphorus pentoxide smoke irritates mucous membranes, has irritation and burning effects for skin (tissue dehydration). maximum allowable concentration is 1mg / rn3. production equipment and pipelines should be closed, and maintain good ventilation. production workers should wear labor protective equipments and wear protective respirator, when there are phosphorus pentoxide vapor and smoke , should wear protective masks. pay attention to protect the skin, do not import, or meet the eye. if accidentally touches the skin, immediately wash with clean water. |
water absorption | there is a strong water imbibition, and easily deliquescent in the air, corrosive to the skin. the maximum allowable concentration in the workplace is 1mg / m3. the drying efficiency of phosphorus pentoxide is 1 cubic meter 0.00001 grams of water vapor content at 298k, namely dried by phosphorus pentoxide, water left per cubic meter of air is up to 0.00001 gram, phosphorus pentoxide can make sulfuric acid, nitric acid dehydration. when the amount of phosphorus pentoxide and water substance is 1: 6, phosphorus pentoxide can convert to orthophosphoric acid. |
chemical properties | white monoclinic crystal or powder. dissolved in water to produce phosphoric acid and release a lot of heat, dissolved in sulfuric acid. insoluble in acetone and ammonia. |
application |
used as a drying agent, dehydrating agent, sugar refining agent, and used for the preparation of phosphoric acid, phosphorous compounds and aerosol, etc. used as a semiconductor silicon doped source, dehydration drying agent, organic synthetic condensing agent and surfactant, it is also used for preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. it is used as raw material for the production of high purity phosphoric acid, phosphates and phosphate, also used for the preparation of phosphorus pentoxide sol and h-based aerosol. it can be used as a desiccant of gases and liquids, dehydrating agent for organic synthesis, antistatic agents of synthetic fiber and sugar refining agent. it is also used in the manufacture of optical glass, uv transparent glass, insulating glass, microcrystalline glass and opaque glass, etc, so as to improve the dispersion coefficient and uv light through ability of the glass. also used in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, surfactants. it is used as the semiconductor dopant, and raw material for the preparation of high purity phosphoric acid. it is used as desiccant and dehydrating agent, condensing agent in organic synthesis. high purity grade phosphorus pentoxide can be used as dopant for drawing optical fiber preform, n type dopant for the manufacture of integrated circuits, used for the synthesis of optical crystal. |
production method |
reagent grade phosphorus pentoxide is as raw material, purified by burning sublimation in sufficiently dry oxygen gas stream, trapping sublimate by the condenser, to obtain high-purity phosphorus pentoxide products. yellow phosphorus is heated and melted by oxidation method, transfered to the oxidation furnace for oxidation combustion reaction with dry air (via dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid), phosphorus pentoxide produced is sublimated by heat, cold in the top of burners and falls into interior settling chamber at the bottom, to prepare pentoxide products. exhaust escapes from the oxidation furnace to a cyclone to recover phosphorus pentoxide dust. recycling and the settling chamber finished product are together packaged as a finished product. p4 + 5o2 → 2p2o5 |
category | corrosive materials |
toxicity grading | highly toxic |
acute toxicity | inhalation - rat lc50: 1217 mg / m3 / 1 hour, inhalation - mouse lc50: 271 mg / m3 / 1 hour |
flammability hazard characteristics | contacting water to produce smoke. |
storage characteristics | treasury ventilation low-temperature drying, stored separately from oxidants |
chemical properties | white solid |
extinguishing agent | dry sand, dry soil, ban on water |
occupational standards | twa 1 mg / cubic meter, stel 2 mg / cubic meter |
general description | a white amorphous powder. corrosive to metals and tissue and moderately toxic. |
air & water reactions | readily absorbs moisture from the air forming a syrup of meta-, pyro-, and orthophosphoric acids. reacts violently with water releasing considerable heat [oldbury chemicals, p. 9]. |
reactivity profile | phosphorus pentoxide reacts violently and exothermically with water. the heat can ignite surrounding or admixed combustible materials. undergoes hazardous or violent reactions with metal hydroxides and oxides, formic acid, hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid, iodides, metals (in particular potassium and sodium), oxidizing agents (bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, perchloric acid, oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide), ammonia, and proparygl alcohol. [bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1781; epa, 1998]. a violent explosion occurs if a solution of perchloric acid in chloroform is poured over phosphorus pentaoxide [epa, 1998]. |
health hazard | powder and fumes in the air are irritating to eyes and the respiratory tract. particles in contact with eye react vigorously and even a small amount may cause permanent burns. contact with the skin will cause severe burns. ingestion will damage the gastrointestinal tract. corrosive to skin, mucous membranes and eyes. |
fire hazard | reacts violently with water to evolve heat. flammable poisonous gases may accumulate in tanks and hopper cars. phosphorus pentoxide reacts violently with the following: ammonia, hydrofluoric acid, oxygen difluoride, potassium, sodium, propargyl alcohol, calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and chlorine trifluoride. a violent explosion occurs if a solution of perchloric acid in chloroform is poured over phosphorus pentoxide. avoid formic acid, hydrogen fluoride, inorganic bases, metals, oxidants, water. readily absorbs moisture from air to form meta-, pryo-, or orthophosphoric acid. |
phosphorus pentoxide preparation products and raw materials |