57-00-1 C4H9N3O2 Creatine CAS NO.57-00-1

creatine basic information

general description physical and chemical properties production method pharmacological effects application

product name:	creatine
synonyms:	labotest-bb lt00566114;creatine;methyl glycocyamine;alpha-methylguanido]acetic acid;(a-methylguanido)acetic acid;n-guanyl-n-methylglycine;n-methyl-n-guanylglycine;n-(aminoiminomethyl)-n-methyl-glycine
cas:	57-00-1
mf:	c4h9n3o2
mw:	131.13
einecs:	200-306-6
product categories:	amino acids;co - czenvironmental standards;alphabetic;c;metabolites;pesticides&metabolites
mol file:	57-00-1.mol

creatine chemical properties

mp	~295 °c (dec.)
density	1,33 g/cm3
storage temp.	store at rt.
merck	14,2568
brn	907175
cas database reference	57-00-1(cas database reference)
nist chemistry reference	glycine, n-(aminoiminomethyl)-n-methyl-(57-00-1)
epa substance registry system	glycine, n-(aminoiminomethyl)-n-methyl- (57-00-1)

safety information

hazard codes	xi
risk statements	36/37/38
safety statements	26-36
wgk germany	3
hazardous substances data	57-00-1(hazardous substances data)

msds information

creatine usage and synthesis

general description	creatine is a kind of natural nutrients in presented in the human body and can also be synthesize through arginine, glycine, and methionine in the liver, kidney and pancreas: in the presence of the catalysis of the arginine/glycine transamidinase in the kidney, the amidino group of the arginine can be transferred to the amino group of the glycine, generating glycocyamine. then in the liver, with the catalysis of the glycocyamine methyltransferase, the methyl group of the s- adenosylmethionine can be transferred to the glycocyamine, generating creatine; it can increase the water content of the muscle cells, help the muscle cells to store energy, increase the protein synthesis and some other fundamental functions; wherein the artificially synthetic creatine can be used as the nutritional supplements for promoting the adaptation of skeletal muscle on fierce exercise and fighting against the excessive fatigue of individual in weakness; it can also be used for making the drugs for the treatment of heart disease and respiratory insufficiency; it can be used for making the pharmaceutical formulation containing human growth hormones; it can be applied to the compound health food, with anti-aging and physical power-recovering effect.
physical and chemical properties	it is prismatic crystals (containing one crystal water molecule) with the melting point being 303 ℃ and the relative density of 1.33. it is soluble in boiling water and 98% acetic acid, slightly soluble in ethanol but insoluble in diethyl ether and butyrate. it can react with inorganic acid to obtain creatinine and co-heat with total soda lime to generate methylamine. it can be used to generate ammonia when being subject to azeotrope with potassium hydroxide and can react with potassium permanganate to generate methyl guanidine oxalic acid and guanidine; at room temperature, its aqueous solution can react with mercuric acetate role to generate guanidino glyoxylic acid, finally generating oxalic acid and guanidine in the reaction of the self-digestion in the muscle juice or organ extract, it can be converted to creatinine.
production method	1. for taking lime nitrogen as raw materials for preparing creatine, there are three different process routes: lime nitrogen has direct reaction with the aqueous solution of sodium sarcosine to generate creatine. lime nitrogen is reacted with the methanol solution pre-saturated with dry hydrogen chloride gas to generate o-methylisourea hydrochloride which is further subject to reaction with sarcosine to generate creatine. upon the condition of passing air, lime nitrogen was reacted with aqueous hydrochloric acid to generate chlorinated formamidine chloride which further reacts with sarcosine sodium to generate creatine. 2. cyanamide is reacted with chloroacetic acid, methylamine to generate creatine monohydrate. 3. take thiourea and dimethyl sulfate as raw materials to generate s- methylisothiourea sulfate which then have reaction with sarcosine, sodium sarcosine or potassium sarcosine to generate creatine. 4. take urea and dimethyl sulfate as raw materials to generate o- methyl isourea sulfate which then reacts with sodium sarcosine to generate creatine monohydrate. figure 1 the reaction formula for production of creatine operation method: add 3.3 mol of urea and 6 ml 50% h2so4 to a 500 ml four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a condenser; heat to 40 ℃, add drop wise of 3 mol dimethyl sulfate under stirring for 3 h; during the addition of raw materials, the temperature should be maintained at less than 70 ℃; after the completion of adding the material, stir for 2h about 70 ℃, and cool to obtain 561.8 g of o- methyl isourea sulfate. add 61.7 of 36% aqueous solution of sodium sarcosinate to a 500 ml four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a condenser, use 30% hcl to adjust the ph to about 11.0, and then add drop wise at 20 ℃ of 50 g of o-methyl isourea sulfate within 2 h; during the process of adding, drop wise, use 25% naoh solution to adjust the ph and maintain the ph at about 11.0, after the addition was complete, stirring was continued at 40 ℃ for 2 h, and then cool the mixture at 0 ~5℃ for 2h and filter out the formed colorless crystals. use 2 × 15 ml of ice water to wash the filter cake to generate crude creatine monohydrate. put the crude product into beaker, add water of 7 to 8 times the amount of crude product, heat to dissolve all the crude product, have liquid be subject to slow cooling at room temperature, crystallized, filter off the crystals, dry at a temperature below 50 ℃ to obtain the finished product of creatine monohydrate .
pharmacological effects	1. increase the water content of muscle cells: during the initial stage of using creatine, you can feel obviously that the muscles can become larger and stronger. this is because creatine leads to that the body's muscle cells store a relatively large amount of water; and when all the muscle cells absorb large amounts of water and get increased volume, the muscle will certainly become more full, visible. 2. help the muscle cells to store energy: human muscle fiber contains two different forms of creatine: non-bonded creatine and phosphate-containing creatine phosphate; among them, creatine phosphate accounts for about two-thirds of the total creatine content. when muscle gets contraction for exercise, the body will use a compound called atp as the energy source. unfortunately, the body's muscle cells can only support the atp energy which is enough for only less than ten seconds rapid contraction. therefore, more atp must be produced in order to maintain continuous movement. at this time, the creatine phosphate stored in muscle will sacrifice their phosphoric acid group for biosynthesis of atp again. therefore, if the muscles contain more creatine, the muscle will have greater potential for exert its strength. in addition, the supplement of the creatine can also help the exhausted muscles cells to rejuvenate. this is because when the muscle atp energy is depleted, the body can use glycolysis pathway to produce lactic acid. when the body undergoes fierce exercise, a large number of lactic acid can be produced to make the muscles get soreness and fatigue; at this time if the muscle can store relative large amount of creatine phosphate for providing more atp, the body will reduce the lactic acid manufacturing and reduce fatigue of muscle cells so that we can exercise more durable and more explosive. 3. increase the biosynthesis of proteins: the uptake of creatine makes the body be able to use more protein for muscle growth. moreover, the two proteins in the muscle structure; actin and myosin, is exactly the main component to lead to muscle fiber contraction and movement. therefore, if we can supplement sufficient amount of creatine for our bodies, our body can reduce the energy consumed for protein synthesis so that we can have more energy to synthesize large amount of actin and myosin cells, therefore, our muscle will certainly become stronger and more powerful.
application	1. it can be used as the nutritional supplements for promoting the adaptation of skeletal muscle to strenuous exercise and fighting against the excessive fatigue for feeble individuals. 2. it can be used as the drugs for the treatment of heart disease and respiratory insufficiency. 3. it can be used for preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation containing human growth hormone. 4. it can be applied to compound health food with anti-aging and physical-power recovering effect. 5. it can be used as the reagents for biochemical research.
chemical properties	white powder

creatine preparation products and raw materials

preparation products

polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid-->creatinine-->corrosion inhibitor hs-13

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