Gliclazide 21187-98-4 Large in promotion CAS NO.21187-98-4

hypoglycemic agents gliclazide, chemical name is 1-(hexahydrocyclopenta [c] pyrrole-2 (1h)-yl)-3-(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl urea, is the second generation of sulfur ureide oral hypoglycemic agents, and it also has dual function of hypoglycemic and improving blood clotting. it not only can improve the metabolism of diabetic patients, but also can improve or delay the occurrence of diabetic vascular complications. gliclazide was developed by the french servier company, and listed in france as early as 1972. its trade names are diamicron gliclazide, methanesulfonic bicyclic urea to g pancreas, methanesulfonic grid urea, glick that sa. it is mainly used for the treatment of the onset of diet and exercise alone control ineffective of adulthood, and no ketosis tendency of light, moderate the type ii diabetes. it also can improve diabetic retinopathy and metabolic disorders, vascular function. it can be used with biguanide oral hypoglycemic drugs, and used with insulin to treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, in which condition that insulin dosage can be reduced. 1980s, it began to be supplied into the chinese market. now there has been more than 130 countries worldwide that registered and sold.
pharmacological effects 1. hypoglycemic effect: gliclazide is the second-generation oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents. its role is more than ten times stronger than tolbutamide. mechanism of action is to stimulate pancreatic β cells to release insulin, and then the high blood sugar drops. this may be because that sulfonylurea combines with β cell surface receptor, and increases the activation and simultaneously improves the sensitivity of outer periphery of the target tissue to insulin.
2. it can reduce platelet aggregation and adhesion, and prevent fibrin depositing in the microvasculature.
3. it can lower cholesterol savings, and reduce plasma concentrations of arterial triphosphate glycerides and fatty acids. the role of the three not only can treat diabetes metabolic disorders, but also prevent and treat complications like the development and progression of diabetes-blood vessels, retinal, renal disease.
pharmacokinetics the absorption of gliclazide is rapidly when it is taken orally. the plasma concentration peaks after two to six hours. plasma protein binding rate is 94.2%. τ1/2 is about 12 hours. gliclazide is mainly used in the liver metabolism, and its metabolites has no hypoglycemic effect. 98% is excreted by kidney in less than 48 hours, and the content of unchanged drug in the urine is less than 5%.
synthetic method cyclopentane ortho anhydride as raw materials, ammoniates to obtain cyclopentane phthalimide. it reacts to obtain azabicyclo through catalytic reduction by catalysts like lialh4, kbh4/zncl2 or black platinum. and then azabicyclo reacts to give n-3-azabicyclo [3, 3, o] octane hydrochloride by nitrosation, zinc reduction. finally it reacts with toluene sulfonylurea to obtain gliclazide through condensation.