1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

1.2 Other means of identification

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Flammable liquids, Category 3

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 4

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statement(s)	H226 Flammable liquid and vapour H302 Harmful if swallowed H332 Harmful if inhaled
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
Response	P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell.
Storage	P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

3.Composition/information on ingredients

3.1 Substances

4.First-aid measures

4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures

General advice

Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.

If inhaled

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

In case of skin contact

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

In case of eye contact

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

If swallowed

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention. See Notes.

4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Inhalation causes moderate irritation of respiratory tract. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and mild irritation of skin. (USCG, 1999)

4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

5.Fire-fighting measures

5.1 Extinguishing media

Suitable extinguishing media

Fire extinguishing agents not to be used: water may be ineffective. "alcohol" foam is not effective.

5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire. (USCG, 1999)

5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

6.Accidental release measures

6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.

6.2 Environmental precautions

Ventilation. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up

Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material, and deposit in sealed containers.

7.Handling and storage

7.1 Precautions for safe handling

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.

7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Fireproof. Well closed. Separated from : see Chemical Dangers.Storage Recommendations: Detached storage preferred. Separate from other flammables and oxidizing materials.

8.Exposure controls/personal protection

8.1 Control parameters

Occupational Exposure limit values

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 100 ppm (310 mg/cu m)

Biological limit values

no data available

8.2 Appropriate engineering controls

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)

Eye/face protection

Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection

Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.

Respiratory protection

Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.

Thermal hazards

no data available

9.Physical and chemical properties

10.Stability and reactivity

10.1 Reactivity

no data available

10.2 Chemical stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions

Sudden absorption of the anhydous liquid or gas on activated carbon or Hopcalite may result in flames.The nitroparaffins, nitromethane, nitropropane, etc. form salts with inorganic bases such as calcium hydroxide. The dry salts are explosive [Chem. Eng. News 30:2344. 1952]. Nitroethane and other nitro compounds are mild oxidizers and should not be heated with easily oxidizable hydrocarbons under confinement [Chem. Eng. News 30:2344. 1940].

10.4 Conditions to avoid

no data available

10.5 Incompatible materials

Amines; strong acids, alkalis & oxidizers; hydrocarbons; combustibles; metal oxides.

10.6 Hazardous decomposition products

Undergoes thermal decomposition at 335-382°C.

11.Toxicological information

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 Mouse oral 860 mg/kg
• Inhalation: no data available
• Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

no data available

Serious eye damage/irritation

no data available

Respiratory or skin sensitization

no data available

Germ cell mutagenicity

no data available

Carcinogenicity

no data available

Reproductive toxicity

no data available

STOT-single exposure

no data available

STOT-repeated exposure

no data available

Aspiration hazard

no data available

12.Ecological information

12.1 Toxicity

• Toxicity to fish: no data available
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
• Toxicity to algae: no data available
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

12.2 Persistence and degradability

14C-labeled nitroethane at 50 ppb was added to a suspension of activated sludge; 23.9% of the initial nitroethane was mineralized in 5 days(1). Aerobic and anaerobic degradation in soil was measured using 14C-labeled nitroethane(1); under aerobic conditions, 11.3% of the initial nitroethane was mineralized to CO2 after 35 days(1); under anaerobic conditions, nitroethane was not mineralized over a 35 day period(1). In the ready biodegradable closed bottle test (OECD Guideline 301D), nitroethane initially present at 2 mg/L was inoculated with sewage effluent(1); less than 1% degradation of nitroethane was measured after 28 days(1). Nitroethane present at 500 mg/L and inoculated with activated sludge from three municipal treatment plants was toxic to the microorganisms present over the 24 hour study period(2).

12.3 Bioaccumulative potential

A BCF value of 1 was measured for fish (golden orfe (Leuciscus idus)) in a static 3-day test with nitroethane present at 50 ppb(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

12.4 Mobility in soil

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of nitroethane can be estimated to be 20(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that nitroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil. However, laboratory studies indicate that nitroethane may adsorb to some soil types(SRC). Using a high organic-content peat as a model for soil organic matter, nitroethane had a vapor sorption of nearly 80 mg vapor uptake/g dry peat at a relative pressure of 0.3 at 24°C over a 2 to 3 week period; at a relative pressure of 1, a partition capacity of 272 mg/g peat was calculated(3). The nitro group of nitroethane may promote hydrogen bonding to clay and the polarity of the molecule may also allow hydrophilic-coordinative adsorption(4).

12.5 Other adverse effects

no data available

13.Disposal considerations

13.1 Disposal methods

Product

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Contaminated packaging

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

14.Transport information

14.1 UN Number

14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name

14.3 Transport hazard class(es)

14.4 Packing group, if applicable

14.5 Environmental hazards

14.6 Special precautions for user

no data available

14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code

no data available

15.Regulatory information

15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

16.Other information

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.