Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₆O
Molar mass: 128.21 g/mol
EINECS: 204-596-5
Density: 0.809 g/cm³
Flash Point: 42.2 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.41
Boiling Point: 163 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 2.11 mmHg at 25°C
Melting point: -76 °C
Storage temp: Flammables area
Sensitive: Air Sensitive
Appearance: White liquid with a mild odor
Structure of 2-Ethylhexanal (123-05-7):
           
XLogP3-AA: 2.6
H-Bond Donor: 0
H-Bond Acceptor: 1
Systematic Name: 2-Ethylhexanal 
SMILES: O=CC(CC)CCCC 
InChI: InChI=1/C8H16O/c1-3-5-6-8(4-2)7-9/h7-8H,3-6H2,1-2H3 
InChIKey: LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYAX 
Std. InChI: InChI=1S/C8H16O/c1-3-5-6-8(4-2)7-9/h7-8H,3-6H2,1-2H3 
Std. InChIKey: LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Carcinogenicity of 2-Ethylhexanal (123-05-7) hasn't been listed as a carcinogen by NTP, IARC,ACGIH, or CA Prop 65. And its toxicological properties have not been fully investigated.You can see actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mildly toxic by inhalation and skin contact. An eye and severe skin irritant. See also ALDEHYDES. Dangerous fire hazard; spontaneously flammable in air. To fight fire, use foam, CO₂, dry chemical, water spray, mist, fog. Incompatible with oxidizing materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid and irritating fumes.
 

Hazard Codes: Xi
Risk Statements:
10:  Flammable
36:  Irritating to the eyes
37:  Irritating to the respiratory system
38:  Irritating to the skin
Safety Statements:
26:  In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
36:  Wear suitable protective clothing

 2-Ethylhexanal (123-05-7) also can be called Hexanal, 2-ethyl- ; Ethylbutylacetaldehyde ; Butylethylacetaldehyde and .alpha.-Ethylcaproaldehyde .It is hazardous,so the first aid measures and others should be known.Such as: When on the skin: first,should  flush skin with plenty of water immediatelyfor at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Secondly,Get shoesmedical aid . Or in the eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids.Then get medical aid soon.While ,it's Inhaled: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately.Give artificial respiration while not breathing. When breathing is difficult, give oxygen. And as soon as to get medical aid. Then you have the ingesting of the product : Wash mouth out with water,and get medical aid immediately.
In addition, 2-Ethylhexanal (123-05-7) is not compatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and you must not take it with light, excess heat and incompatible materials and not be puted in the temperature above 50°C (122°F).And also prevent it to broken down into hazardous decomposition products: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide.