- Cross-Coupling between Hydrazine and Aryl Halides with Hydroxide Base at Low Loadings of Palladium by Rate-Determining Deprotonation of Bound Hydrazine
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Reported here is the Pd-catalyzed C–N coupling of hydrazine with (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides to form aryl hydrazines with catalyst loadings as low as 100 ppm of Pd and KOH as base. Mechanistic studies revealed two catalyst resting states: an arylpalladium(II) hydroxide and arylpalladium(II) chloride. These compounds are present in two interconnected catalytic cycles and react with hydrazine and base or hydrazine alone to give the product. The selectivity of the hydroxide complex with hydrazine to form aryl over diaryl hydrazine was lower than that of the chloride complex, as well as the catalytic reaction. In contrast, the selectivity of the chloride complex closely matched that of the catalytic reaction, indicating that the aryl hydrazine is derived from this complex. Kinetic studies showed that the coupling process occurs by rate-limiting deprotonation of a hydrazine-bound arylpalladium(II) chloride complex to give an arylpalladium(II) hydrazido complex.
- Borate, Kailaskumar,Choi, Kyoungmin,Goetz, Roland,Hartwig, John F.,Shinde, Harish,Wang, Justin Y.,Zuend, Stephan J.
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supporting information
p. 399 - 408
(2020/10/29)
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- 1, 5-DIHYDRO-PYRAZOLO (3, 4-D) PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS PDE9A MODULATORS FOR THE TEATMENT OF CNS DISORDERS
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The invention relates to novel substituted pyrazolopyrimidines. Chemically, the compounds are characterised by general Formula (I): with R1 being phenyl or pyridyl, any of which is substituted with 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3 substituents X; X in
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Page/Page column 55
(2009/07/03)
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- FUSED HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND AND USE THEREOF
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The present invention relates to wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. The compound has a superior mineral corticoidreceptorantagonistic action and is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of hypertension, cardiac failure and the like, a compound having a fused heterocycle, or a prodrug thereof, or a salt thereof; and an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of hypertension, cardiac failure and the like.
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Page/Page column 294-295
(2008/06/13)
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- Design and synthesis of new orally active inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase
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To identify new orally active inhibitors, further modification of 1 (ONO-6818) was performed. Peptidic derivatives 4b, 4c and 4n showed more potent inhibitory activity than nonpeptidic derivatives 3a-c. As a result, a series of peptidic inhibitors, 4a-s a
- Ohmoto, Kazuyuki,Okuma, Motohiro,Yamamoto, Tetsuya,Kijima, Hideomi,Sekioka, Tomohiko,Kitagawa, Kanji,Yamamoto, Shigeki,Tanaka, Kenji,Kawabata, Kazuhito,Sakata, Atsushi,Imawaka, Haruo,Nakai, Hisao,Toda, Masaaki
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p. 1307 - 1323
(2007/10/03)
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