- Toxicity reduction of imidazolium-based ionic liquids by the oxygenation of the alkyl substituent
-
In this work, five different salicylate based ionic liquids were prepared in order to study their toxicity: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate, [bmim][Sal], 1-(4-hydroxy-2-oxybutyl)-3-methylimidazolium salicylate, [OHC2OC2mim][Sal], 1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium salicylate, [OHC3mim][Sal], 1-ethoxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium salicylate, [C2OC2mim][Sal] and imidazolium salicylate [Im][Sal]; aquatic organisms (Artemia salina) and a human non-tumor cell line (normal fetal lung fibroblasts, MRC-5) were also used in the investigation. The introduction of polar groups (in the form of hydroxide and/or ether group) into the alkyl side chain of the imidazolium cation, and their influence on the reduction of the ionic liquid's toxicity, were also demonstrated. The results indicate that the toxicity against A. salina and cytotoxicity against the healthy cell line of lipophobic ionic liquids were significantly lower than for the non-functionalized analogues, and are the same order of magnitude as the reference standard sodium salicylate. These facts open up the possibility of designing new non-toxic ionic liquids that can be used as active pharmaceutical ingredients in liquid form, adjusting only the lipophilicity of the cations by introducing polar oxygen groups into the side alkyl chain of the cation.
- Vrane?,Tot,Jovanovi?-?anta,Karaman,Do?i?,Te?anovi?,Koji?,Gad?uri?
-
-
Read Online
- Toward a new type of proton conductor based on imidazole and aromatic acids
-
A new approach towards achieving proton conducting materials based on aromatic acids and heterocyclic bases was proposed. It can lead to a new material in which all hydrogen bonding interactions are of medium or weak strength and rotations of the base and acid molecules are possible. If the above conditions are met, one can expect a high value of proton conductivity governed by the Grotthuss mechanism. Two salts of imidazole, one with benzoic acid having one carboxylic acid group and another with salicylic acid having a carboxylic and hydroxyl group located in the ortho position, were synthesized. Physical properties of these newly synthesized proton conducting salts were investigated using experimental and theoretical methods. The structures of these salts were studied by X-ray diffraction and 1H and 13C NMR techniques. The intermolecular interactions in the salts were analyzed by DFT calculations, within the QTAiM theory, and by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The π-π interactions, the proton conduction pathways, and the transport mechanism are also discussed.
- Zi?ba, Sylwia,Dubis, Alina T.,Gzella, Andrzej K.,?awniczak, Pawe?,Pogorzelec-Glaser, Katarzyna,?apiński, Andrzej
-
p. 17152 - 17162
(2019/08/20)
-