- Inhibition of Complex I by Isoquinoline Derivatives Structurally Related to 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)
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Mitochondrial respiratory failure secondary to complex I inhibition may contribute to the neurodegenerative process underlying nigral cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD). Isoquinoline derivatives structurally related to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) may be inhibitors of complex I, and have been implicated in the cause of PD as endogenous neurotoxins. To determine the potency and structural requirements of isoquinoline derivatives to inhibit mitochondrial function, we examined the effects of 22 neutral and quaternary compounds from three classes of isoquinoline derivatives (11 isoquinolines, 2 dihydroisoquinolines, and 9 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines) and MPP+ on the enzymes of the respiratory chain in mitochondrial fragments from rat forebrain. With the exception of norsalsolinol and N,n-propylisoquinolinium, all compounds inhibited complex I in a time-independent, but concentration-dependent manner, with IC50s ranging from 0.36-22 mM. Several isoquinoline derivatives were more potent inhibitors of complex I than 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) (IC50 = 4.1 mM), the most active being N-methyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (IC50 = 0.36 mM) and 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (IC50 = 0.38 mM). 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline was the least potent complex I inhibitor (IC50 ca. 22 mM). At 10 mM, only isoquinoline (23.1 percent), 6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline (89.6 percent), and N-methylsalsolinol (34.8 percent) inhibited (P +, so respiratory inhibition may underlie their reported neurotoxicity.
- Mcnaught, Kevin St. P.,Thull, Ulrike,Carrupt, Pierre-Alain,Altomare, Cosimo,Cellamare, Saverio,Carotti, Angelo,Testa, Bernard,Jenner, Peter,Marsden, C. David
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Read Online
- Improved and practical synthesis of 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride
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6-Methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1) or its hydrochloride salt (4) is an expensive chemical with limited commercial availability. We report an improved and practical synthesis of 4 from inexpensive 2-(3-methoxyphenyl) ethylamine (2) using a Pictet-Spengler condensation via a novel aminal intermediate. The synthesis significantly lowers the cost and provides easy access to 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline or its HCl salt on a large scale.
- Zhong, H. Marion,Villani, Frank J.,Marzouq, Ramzy
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Read Online
- Discovery of Diaminopyrimidine Carboxamide HPK1 Inhibitors as Preclinical Immunotherapy Tool Compounds
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Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), a serine/threonine kinase, is a negative immune regulator of T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell signaling that is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells. Accordingly, it has been reported that HPK1 loss-of-function in HPK1 kinase-dead syngeneic mouse models shows enhanced T cell signaling and cytokine production as well as tumor growth inhibition in vivo, supporting its value as an immunotherapeutic target. Herein, we present the structurally enabled discovery of novel, potent, and selective diaminopyrimidine carboxamide HPK1 inhibitors. The key discovery of a carboxamide moiety was essential for enhanced enzyme inhibitory potency and kinome selectivity as well as sustained elevation of cellular IL-2 production across a titration range in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The elucidation of structure-activity relationships using various pendant amino ring systems allowed for the identification of several small molecule type-I inhibitors with promising in vitro profiles.
- Vara, Brandon A.,Levi, Samuel M.,Achab, Abdelghani,Candito, David A.,Fradera, Xavier,Lesburg, Charles A.,Kawamura, Shuhei,Lacey, Brian M.,Lim, Jongwon,Methot, Joey L.,Xu, Zangwei,Xu, Haiyan,Smith, Dustin M.,Piesvaux, Jennifer A.,Miller, J. Richard,Bittinger, Mark,Ranganath, Sheila H.,Bennett, David J.,Dimauro, Erin F.,Pasternak, Alexander
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p. 653 - 661
(2021/04/12)
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- INDOLINONE COMPOUNDS FOR USE AS MAP4K1 INHIBITORS
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The present disclosure is directed to compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein ring A, ring C, X1, X2, L1, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, m and n are as defined herein, which are useful as MAP4K1 inhibitors, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and the use of the compounds or the compositions in the treatment or prevention of various diseases, conditions and/or disorders mediated by MAP4K1.
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- Easy Access to 2,4-Disubstituted Cyclopentenones by a Gold(III)-Catalyzed A3-Coupling/Cyclization Cascade
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An efficient and convenient synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted cyclopentenones has been achieved through a Au(III)-catalyzed isomerization-A3-coupling/cyclization cascade. A possible mechanism involving an initial Au(III)-catalyzed isomerization, A3-type coupling, and cyclization via an enol intermediate is postulated.
- Hu, Xiwen,Li, Jian,Liu, Li,Xu, Yue,Zhu, Shangrong
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p. 9478 - 9483
(2020/12/21)
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- MONOCYCLIC B-LACTAM COMPOUND FOR TREATING BACTERIAL INFECTION
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Disclosed are a class of new monocyclic β-lactam compounds, an isomer thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds, and the use of same in preparing drugs for treating diseases associated
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Paragraph 0110
(2020/12/16)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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A novel series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzimidazole hybrids have been designed and synthesized as multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease (AD). These compounds were evaluated for their inhibition of neuroinflammation and human β-secretase (hBACE1), and neuroprotective activity. Among them, compound BD3 possessed significant anti-neuroinflammatory activity (IC50 = 5.07 μM against nitric oxide production) through inhibiting the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in BV2 cells. Compound BD3 also exhibited moderate hBACE1 inhibitory activity (65.7% inhibition at 20 μM) and potent neuroprotective effect by increasing GSH level and reducing ROS production (91.8% cell viability at 5 μM). Parallel artificial membrane permeation assay demonstrated that BD3 could cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, this study demonstrates that the compounds with tetrahydroisoquinoline-benzimidazole scaffold are potential anti-AD agents, and they are worth for the further development.
- Fang, Yuying,Zhou, Huihao,Gu, Qiong,Xu, Jun
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p. 133 - 145
(2019/02/17)
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- A multi-functional the anti-ahl tribulus sea is silent disease of the benzimidazole derivatives and its preparation method and application
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The invention provides a multi-functional anti-the erzierzi sea is silent disease of benzimidazole derivative and its preparation method and application. Said styrene and imidazole derivatives having a structure of formula (I) is shown; Wherein formula (I) R in1 Is H, C1 - C5 alkyl, C1 - C5 alkoxy, halogen base, hydroxy or amino, X is C or N atom. The invention is based on the fragment assembly of the lead compound discovery method, through the tetrahydroisoquinoline and benzimidazole two fragment assembly, design is a new skeleton molecule, and synthesizing a series of benzimidazole derivatives. The present invention provides a benzimidazole derivative with antineuritic activity at the same time, BACE1 inhibitory activity and cell protective activity, and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier; at the same time the benzimidazole derivatives for the preparation of simple, low cost, stable structure, convenient for storage, can be used as a treating [...] of one kind of precursor compound.
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- Catalyst-free cyclization of anthranils and cyclic amines: One-step synthesis of rutaecarpine
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An efficient synthesis of a variety of quinazolinone derivatives via a direct cyclization reaction between commercially available anthranils and cyclic amines is described. The developed transformation proceeds with the merits of high step- and atom-efficiency, a broad substrate scope, and good to excellent yields, without additional catalysts, and offers a practical way for the preparation of rutaecarpine and its derivatives with structural diversity.
- Li, Jian,Wang, Zheng-Bing,Xu, Yue,Lu, Xue-Chen,Zhu, Shang-Rong,Liu, Li
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p. 12072 - 12075
(2019/10/14)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed chemo-and enantioselective hydrogenation of isoquinoline carbocycles
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A chemoselective hydrogenation of isoquinoline carbocycles was achieved by using the catalyst prepared from Ru(methallyl)2(cod) and trans-chelate chiral ligand PhTRAP. The unique chemoselectivity achieved in this hydrogenation could be ascribed to the trans-chelation of the chiral ligand. The procedure for preparing the catalyst strongly affects the reproducibility of the carbocycle hydrogenation. Various 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-substituted isoquinolines were selectively hydrogenated at their carbocycles to afford 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolines as major products in high yields with moderate or good enantioselectivities. Some mechanistic studies suggested that the stereogenic center was created during the initial addition of H2 to the aromatic ring in the hydrogenation of 5-substituted isoquinolines. In other words, the stereochemical control was accompanied by the dearomatization.
- Jin, Yushu,Makida, Yusuke,Uchida, Tatsuya,Kuwano, Ryoichi
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p. 3829 - 3839
(2018/04/14)
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- UREA PEPTOID BORIC ACID COMPOUND, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION THEREOF, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention provides a urea peptidomimetic boronic compound and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, their preparative methods and uses. The compounds are represented by the following formula (I).
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Paragraph 0171; 0175
(2018/09/08)
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- COMPOSITE PREPARATION, CONTAINING NOVEL 3-(4-(BENZYLOXY)PHENYL)HEX-4-INOIC ACID DERIVATIVE AND ANOTHER ACTIVE INGREDIENT, FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING METABOLIC DISEASES
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The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating metabolic diseases, in which a novel 3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)hex-4-inoic acid derivative and at least another active ingredient, which is selected from the group consisting of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPPIV) inhibitor-based, sulfonylurea-based, thiazolidinedione (TZD)-based, biguanide-based, and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor-based drugs, may be administered in combination or in the form of a composite preparation. The use of the composition of the present invention can provide a remarkably excellent blood sugar reducing effect in various animal diabetic disease models, and the composition of the present invention can be favorably used as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes type I, diabetes type II, glucose intolerance symptoms, insulin resistance symptoms, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, and syndrome X.
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- NOVEL 3-(4(BENZYLOXY)PHENYL)HEX-4-INOIC ACID DERIVATIVE, METHOD OF PREPARING SAME AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR PREVENTING AND TREATING METABOLIC DISEASE INCLUDING SAME AS EFFECTIVE INGREDIENT
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The present invention relates to a novel 3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)hex-4-inoic acid derivative, a preparation method thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same as an active ingredient for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease. The novel 3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)hex-4-inoic acid derivative, the optical isomer thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention has excellent activities of activating GPR40 protein and promoting insulin secretion accordingly but has no toxicity when co-administered with other drugs. That is, the novel 3-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)hex-4-inoic acid derivative, the optical isomer thereof, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention can be co-administered with other drugs and can promote the activation of GPR40 protein significantly, so that the composition comprising the same as an active ingredient can be efficiently used as a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disease such as obesity, type I diabetes, type II diabetes, incompatible glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, and syndrome X, etc.
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- Discovery of novel tetrahydroisoquinoline-containing pyrimidines as ALK inhibitors
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Exploration of the two-position side chain of pyrimidine in LDK378 with tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) led to discovery of 8 and 17 as highly potent ALK inhibitors. THIQs 8 and 17 showed encouraging in vitro and in vivo xenograft efficacies, comparable w
- Achary, Raghavendra,Yun, Jeong In,Park, Chi Min,Mathi, Gangadhar Rao,Lee, Joo Yun,Ha, Jae Du,Chae, Chong Hak,Ahn, Sunjoo,Park, Chi Hoon,Lee, Chong Ock,Hwang, Jong Yeon,Yun, Chang-Soo,Jung, Hee Jung,Cho, Sung Yun,Kim, Hyoung Rae,Kim, Pilho
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p. 207 - 219
(2015/12/31)
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- Design and synthesis of novel androgen receptor antagonists via molecular modeling
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Several androgen receptor (AR) antagonists are clinically prescribed to treat prostate cancer. Unfortunately, many patients become resistant to the existing AR antagonists. To overcome this, a novel AR antagonist candidate called DIMN was discovered by our research group in 2013. In order to develop compounds with improved potency, we designed novel DIMN derivatives based on a docking study and substituted carbons with heteroatom moieties. Encouraging in vitro results for compounds 1b, 1c, 1e, 3c, and 4c proved that the new design was successful. Among the newly synthesized compounds, 1e exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on LNCaP cell growth (IC50= 0.35 μM) and also acted as a competitive AR antagonist with selectivity over the estrogen receptor (ER) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). A docking study of compound 1e fully supported these biological results. Compound 1e is considered to be a novel, potent and AR-specific antagonist for treating prostate cancer. Thus, our study successfully applied molecular modeling and bioisosteric replacement for hit optimization. The methods here provide a guide for future development of drug candidates through structure-based drug discovery and chemical modifications.
- Zhao, Chao,Choi, You Hee,Khadka, Daulat Bikram,Jin, Yifeng,Lee, Kwang-Youl,Cho, Won-Jea
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p. 789 - 801
(2016/05/24)
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- Exploration of the linkage elements of porcupine antagonists led to potent Wnt signaling pathway inhibitors
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The Wnt signaling pathway is a pivotal developmental pathway. It operates through control of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and polarity. Aberrant Wnt signaling has been implicated in the formation and metastasis of tumors. Porcupine is a component of the Wnt signaling pathway. It is a member of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase family of proteins. Porcupine catalyzes the palmitoylation of Wnt proteins, a process which is essential to their secretion and activity. Here we report a novel series of compounds obtained by a scaffold hybridization strategy from two known porcupine inhibitor classes. The leading compound 62 demonstrated subnanomolar (IC50 0.11 nM) inhibition of Wnt signaling in a paracrine cellular reporter gene assay. Compound 62 also potently inhibited Wnt secretion into culture medium, an indication of direct inhibition of the porcupine protein. Furthermore, compound 62 showed excellent chemical, plasma and liver microsomal stabilities. Collectively, these results strongly support further optimization of this novel scaffold to develop better Wnt pathway inhibitors.
- Dong, Yan,Li, Kehuang,Xu, Zhixiang,Ma, Haikuo,Zheng, Jiyue,Hu, Zhilin,He, Sudan,Wu, Yiyuan,Sun, Zhijian,Luo, Lusong,Li, Jiajun,Zhang, Hongjian,Zhang, Xiaohu
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p. 6855 - 6868
(2015/11/11)
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- SUBSTITUTED PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS FABI INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides substituted pyridine derivatives of formula (I), which may be therapeutically useful as as anti-bacterial agents, more particulalrly FabI inhibitors. Formula(I) in which R1 to R5 and L have the meanings given in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that are useful in the treatment and prevention in diseases or disorder, in particular their use in diseases or disorder where there is an advantage anti-bacterial agents, more particularly FabI inhibitors. The present invention also provides methods for synthesizing and administering the FabI inhibitor compounds. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising at least one of the FabI inhibitor compounds together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient therefor.
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- SAR based design of nicotinamides as a novel class of androgen receptor antagonists for prostate cancer
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Molecular knowledge of pure antagonism and systematic SAR study offered a direction for structural optimization of DIMN to provide nicotinamides as a novel series of AR antagonists. Nicotinamides with extended linear scaffold bearing sterically bulky alkoxy groups on isoquinoline end were synthesized for H12 displacement. AR binding affinity and molecular basis of antiandrogenic effect establish the optimized derivatives, 7au and 7bb, as promising candidates of second generation AR antagonists for advanced prostate cancer.
- Yang, Su Hui,Song, Chin-Hee,Van, Hue Thi My,Park, Eunsook,Khadka, Daulat Bikram,Gong, Eun-Yeung,Lee, Keesook,Cho, Won-Jea
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p. 3414 - 3418
(2013/06/05)
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- Steroidomimetic tetrahydroisoquinolines for the design of new microtubule disruptors
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Structure-activity relationship translation offers an expeditious means for discovery of new active series. This approach was applied to discover tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-based steroidomimetic microtubule disruptors. The two A-ring elements of a thre
- Leese, Mathew P.,Jourdan, Fabrice,Dohle, Wolfgang,Kimberley, Meriel R.,Thomas, Mark P.,Bai, Ruoli,Hamel, Ernest,Ferrandis, Eric,Potter, Barry V. L.
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- BICYCLIC INHIBITORS OF ALK
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula (1) or pharmaceutical acceptable salts, wherein R1, X, Y, Z, A, B, G1, and n are defined in the description. The present invention relates also to compositions containing said compounds which are useful for inhibiting kinases such as ALK and methods of treating diseases such as cancer.
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- BICYCLIC CARBOXAMIDE INHIBITORS OF KINASES
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Compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutical acceptable salts are provided, wherein X1~X5, R1~R3, A, B, Z and n are defined in the description. And compositions containing said compounds, and the uses for inhibitors of kinases such as ALK, and the uses for treating cancer thereof are provided.
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- Discovery of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) derivatives as potent and orally bioavailable LFA-1/ICAM-1 antagonists
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This letter describes the discovery of a novel series of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-derived small molecules that potently inhibit both human T-cell migration and super-antigen induced T-cell activation through disruption of the binding of integrin LFA-1 to its receptor, ICAM-1. In addition to excellent in vitro potency, 6q shows good pharmacokinetic properties and its ethyl ester (6t) demonstrates good oral bioavailability in both mouse and rat. Either intravenous administration of 6q or oral administration of its ethyl ester (6t) produced a significant reduction of neutrophil migration in a thioglycollate-induced murine peritonitis model.
- Zhong, Min,Shen, Wang,Barr, Kenneth J.,Arbitrario, Jennifer P.,Arkin, Michelle R.,Bui, Minna,Chen, Teresa,Cunningham, Brian C.,Evanchik, Marc J.,Hanan, Emily J.,Hoch, Ute,Huen, Karen,Hyde, Jennifer,Kumer, Jeffery L.,Lac, Teresa,Lawrence, Chris E.,Martell, Jose R.,Oslob, Johan D.,Paulvannan, Kumar,Prabhu, Saileta,Silverman, Jeffrey A.,Wright, Jasmin,Yu, Chul H.,Zhu, Jiang,Flanagan, W. Mike
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scheme or table
p. 5269 - 5273
(2010/10/18)
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- Carbon-11 labeled indolylpropylamine analog as a new potential PET agent for imaging of the serotonin transporter
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The synthesis and structure-activity relationship of a new class of indole derivatives with low-nanomolar affinity for the SERT and high selectivity versus the 5-HT1A receptor were recently reported. Based on their chemical structure, four new indolylpropylamine derivatives which contain atoms to afford future labeling with PET isotopes, were synthesized and evaluated as SERT ligands. The chemistry of these novel derivatives, their biological evaluation, the general method of preparing the precursor indole for labeling, and the C-11 labeling of the most promising indole derivative, are described herein.
- Ben-Daniel,Deuther-Conrad,Scheunemann,Steinbach,Brust,Mishani
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p. 6364 - 6370
(2008/12/21)
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- SAR studies of capsazepinoid bronchodilators. Part 1: The importance of the catechol moiety and aspects of the B-ring structure
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Capsazepine as well as its derivatives and analogues are general inhibitors of constriction of human small airways. From a systematic variation of the capsazepine structure, divided into four regions, SARs were established. This part concerns the catechol moiety of the A-ring as well as the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-azepine moiety (the B-ring) of capsazepine. It is revealed that a conformational constrain (as a fused ring) is important and that compounds with a six-membered B-ring (as a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) in general are more potent than the corresponding isoindoline, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine derivatives.
- Dalence-Guzman, Maria F.,Berglund, Magnus,Skogvall, Staffan,Sterner, Olov
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p. 2499 - 2512
(2008/09/21)
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- 3-(4-(6-Fluoroalkoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline-2(1H)-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indole-5-carbonitriles for SERT imaging: Chemical synthesis, evaluation in vitro and radiofluorination
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Aminocyclohexyl indoles bind with high affinity and specificity toward the serotonin transporter (SERT). Based on this structural lead, we designed fluoroalkoxydihydroisoquinoline-cyclohexyl indole carbonitriles for future application as 18F-labeled tracers for SERT imaging by PET. Six compounds, three pairs of cis- and trans-isomer derivatives, respectively, were synthesized and evaluated in vitro. The chemistry of the new compounds, their affinity and specificity data, the general route to the phenolic precursor for labeling, and the successful 18F-fluoroalkylation of one pair of compounds are described herein.
- Funke, Uta,Fischer, Steffen,Hiller, Achim,Scheunemann, Matthias,Deuther-Conrad, Winnie,Brust, Peter,Steinbach, Joerg
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scheme or table
p. 4727 - 4730
(2009/04/08)
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- Structure activity relationship studies of carboxamido-biaryl ethers as opioid receptor antagonists (OpRAs). Part 2
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A series of 6-bicycloaryloxynicotinamides were identified as opioid receptor antagonists at mu, kappa, and delta receptors. Compounds in the 6-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepin-7-yloxy)nicotinamide scaffold exhibited potent in vitro functional antagonism at all three receptors.
- Takeuchi, Kumiko,Holloway, William G.,Mitch, Charles H.,Quimby, Steven J.,McKinzie, Jamie H.,Suter, Todd M.,Statnick, Michael A.,Surface, Peggy L.,Emmerson, Paul J.,Thomas, Elizabeth M.,Siegel, Miles G.
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p. 6841 - 6846
(2008/09/17)
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- PIPERAZINYL OXOALKYL TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES AND RELATED ANALOGUES
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Piperazinyl oxoalkyl tetrahydroisoquinolines and related analogues of the Formula: are provided, in which variables are as described herein. Such compounds may be used to modulate ligand binding to histamine H3 receptors in vivo or in vitro, and are parti
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Page/Page column 61
(2008/06/13)
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- 5-HT7 receptor antagonists
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The invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity towards the 5-HT7 receptor, and more particularly to some tetrahydroisoquinoline substituted sulfonamide compounds of the formula I: to processes of preparation of such compounds, to pharm
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Page/Page column 13
(2008/06/13)
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- Sulfonyl derivatives
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Sulfonyl derivatives represented by general formula (I), salts of the same, and solvates of both: and application of them as drugs: [wherein R1is hydrogen, hydroxyl, nitro or the like; R2and R3are each independently hydrogen, halogeno or the like; R4and R5are each dependently hydrogen, halogeno or the like; Q1is an optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered cyclic hydrocarbon group or the like; Q2is a single bond, oxygen or the like; Q3is, e.g., a group represented by formula (a): T1is carbonyl or the like; and X1and X2are each independently methylidyne or nitrogen]. These compounds exhibit potent Fxa inhibiting activities and serve as excellent anticoagulants which speedily exert satisfactory and persistent anti-thrombotic effects through oral administration and little cause adverse effects.
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- The influence of substitution at aromatic part of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline on in vitro and in vivo 5-HT1A/5-HT2A receptor activities of its 1-adamantoyloaminoalkyl derivatives
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Further structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies with the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) class of 5-HT1A ligands led to the synthesis of new 1-adamantoyloaminoalkyl derivatives. The impact of substituent variations in the aromatic part of THIQ moiety on 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor affinities, as well as in vivo functional properties of the investigated compounds were discussed. It was found that modification reduced the binding affinity for 5-HT1A receptors (in comparison with unsubstituted THIQ derivatives); however, the majority of new compounds still remained potent 5-HT1A ligands (Ki = 4.9-46 nM) and most of them showed features of partial agonists of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors. At the same time, their 5-HT2A receptor affinity was slightly increased (Ki = 40-1475 nM), which resulted in a loss of 5-HT2A/5-HT1A selectivity. 5-Br,8-OCH3 derivative - the most potent, mixed 5-HT1A/5-HT2A ligand - produced activation of presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors and showed properties of a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. Copyright
- Bojarski, Andrzej J,Mokrosz, Maria J,Minol, Sijka Charakchieva,Koziol, Aneta,Wesolowska, Anna,Tatarczynska, Ewa,Klodzinska, Aleksandra,Chojnacka-Wojcik, Ewa
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- Studies towards the next generation of antidepressants. Part 1: Indolylcyclohexylamines as potent serotonin reuptake inhibitors
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A series of indolylcyclohexylamines possessing potent and selective serotonin reuptake inhibition is reported. The most interesting compounds proved to have subnanomolar 5-HT transporter activity, and exhibited moderate 5-HT1A affinity.
- Meagher, Kristin L,Mewshaw, Richard E,Evrard, Deborah A,Zhou, Ping,Smith, Deborah L,Scerni, Rosemary,Spangler, Taylor,Abulhawa, Susan,Shi, Xiaojie,Schechter, Lee E,Andree, Terrance H
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p. 1885 - 1888
(2007/10/03)
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- Dipeptides which promote release of growth hormone
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Compounds of formula (I) are growth hormone releasing peptide mimetics which are useful for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. STR1
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- A synthesis of mono- and dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines via Pummerer reaction: Effects of methoxyl groups on intramolecular cyclization
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A synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) (23) with one and two methoxyl groups at various positions of the benzene ring was achieved via the intramolecular cyclization of N-(aryl)methyl-2- (phenylsulfinyl)ethylamines (9) using the Pummerer reaction as a key step. The reaction was carried out by using trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) (method A) or TFAA-BF3 · Et2O (method B). The cyclization to 4-SPhTIQs (11) proceeded effectively when the reaction center at the benzene ring was electronically activated by a methoxyl group. In the reaction of the sulfoxide (9e) having two OMe groups at ortho- and para-positions a different cyclization reaction leading to a benzothiazepine (12) was observed, indicating that the high nucleophilicity of the benzene ring caused the unexpected reaction prior to the cyclization to 4-SPhTIQ (11e). The route starting from methoxylated benzaldehydes (5) was proved to provide an efficient and convenient method of TIQ synthesis which should be complementary to the well known Pictet-Spengler method.
- Shinohara, Tatsumi,Takeda, Akira,Toda, Jun,Ueda, Yoko,Kohno, Michiyo,Sano, Takehiro
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p. 918 - 927
(2007/10/03)
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- Inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase and squalene synthase
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The present invention provides a compound of the formula STR1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which are useful in inhibiting protein farnesyltransferase and the farnesylation of the oncogene protein Ras or inhibiting de novo squalene production resulting in the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, processes for the preparation of the compounds of the invention in addition to intermediates useful in these processes, a pharmaceutical composition, and to methods of using such compounds.
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- Synthesis of isoquinolines from indanones: Total synthesis of illudinine
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Schmidt reaction of 5-methoxy or 7-methoxyindan-1-ones or their derivatives results exclusively in isocarbostyrils which are converted into 6-methoxy or 8-methoxyisoquinolines in good yields.This strategy has been extended to the total synthesis of illudinine methyl ester (1b) starting from methyl 8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacene-4-carboxylate (4).
- Shanker, P. Sathya,Rao, G. S. R. Subba
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p. 1209 - 1213
(2007/10/02)
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- Pharmaceutically active compounds
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The invention relates to a class of tetrahydroisoquinolinylalkanoic acids containing an aryl sulphonamide group which have activity as thromboxane A2 antagonists.
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- Inhibition of phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase (PNMT) by aromatic hydroxy-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines: Further studies on the hydrophilic pocket of the aromatic ring binding region of the active site
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In a continuation of studies directed toward characterizing the hydrophilic pocket within the aromatic ring binding region of the active site of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline were prepared and evaluated as substates and inhibitors of PNMT. In order to discern the necessity of an acidic hydrogen for interaction at this pocket the corresponding methyl ethers were also evaluated. The enhanced affinity of 7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (16) versus tetrahydroisoquinoline (13) itself indicates that a hydrophilic pocket exists off of carbon C7 in bound tetrahydroisoquinolines. The diminished affinity of the corresponding methyl ether is consistent with a requirement for the acidic hydrogen of 16 for interaction of the aromatic hydroxyl at site. From the relative activities of the other regioisomeric aromatic hydroxyl-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines, their corresponding methyl ethers, and 6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, it appears that the hydrophilic pocket is spatially compact with respect to bound tetrahydroisoquinolines and is surrounded by larger areas of lipophilic character. To allow a comparison of the results of this study with previous data on bound β-phenylethylamines, the methyl ethers of 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-hydroxy-exo-2-aminobenzonorbornene and of 5- and 6-hydroxy-anti-9-aminobenzonorbornene were also evaluated for their activity as substrates and inhibitors for PNMT. The results of this study are in agreement with previous findings for bound β-phenylethylamines and support the conclusion that the natural substrate for PNMT, norepinephrine, has a different active site binding orientation than most known substrates and competitive inhibitors of the enzyme.
- Sall,Grunewald
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p. 2208 - 2216
(2007/10/02)
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