- CARBOXYLATION CATALYSTS
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The use of a complex of the form Z—M—OR in the carboxylation of a substrate is described. The group Z is a two-electron donor ligand, M is a metal and OR is selected from the group consisting of OH, alkoxy and aryloxy. The substrate may be carboxylated at a C—H or N—H bond. The metal M may be copper, silver or gold. The two-electron donor ligand may be a phosphine, a carbene or a phosphite ligand. Also described are methods of manufacture of the complexes and methods for preparing isotopically labelled caboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives.
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Paragraph 0093
(2013/04/13)
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- Carboxylation of C-H bonds using N -heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes
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A highly efficient [(NHC)AuI]-based (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) catalytic system for the carboxylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic C-H bonds was developed. The significant base strength of the Au-OH species is at the origin of the activation process and permits the facile functionalization of C-H bonds without the use of other organometallic reagents.
- Boogaerts, Ine I. F.,Nolan, Steven P.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 8858 - 8859
(2010/08/21)
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- Facile, one-step production of niacin (vitamin B3) and other nitrogen-containing pharmaceutical chemicals with a single-site heterogeneous catalyst
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Niacin (3-picolinic acid), which is extensively used as vitamin B 3 in foodstuffs and as a cholesterol-lowering agent, along with other oxygenated products of the picolines, 4-methylquinoline, and a variety of pyrimidines and pyridazines, may be produced in a single-step, environmentally benign fashion by combining single-site, open-structure, heterogeneous catalysts witha solid source of active oxygen, namely acetyl peroxyborate (APB), in the absence of an organic solvent. The high activities, selectivities, and the relatively mild conditions employed with this single-site heterogeneous catalyst, coupled with ease of transport, storage, and stability of the solid oxidant, augurs well for the future use of APB in conjunction with other open-structure, single-site catalysts for fine-chemical, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical applications.
- Raja, Robert,Thomas, John Meurig,Greenhill-Hooper, Michael,Ley, Steven V.,Almeida Paz, Filipe A.
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experimental part
p. 2340 - 2348
(2009/04/11)
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- Pyridazinone derivatives and processes for preparing the same
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Disclosed is a pyridazinone compound represented by the formula (I): STR1 wherein X represents hydrogen atom or the like; Y represents a single bonding arm, oxygen atom or sulfur atom; A represents a straight or branched alkylene group which may have a double bond; B represents carbonyl group or thiocarbonyl group; and R2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted or the like; or B represents sulfonyl group; and R2 represents a lower alkenyl group or the like; R1 represents hydrogen atom or the like; R3 represents hydrogen atom or the like; R4 represents hydrogen atom or the like; and R5 represents hydrogen atom or the like, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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- A Convenient Synthesis of Pyridazine-3,4-dicarboxylic Acid by a Hetero Diels-Alder Reaction
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A convenient route to prepare unsubstituted pyridazine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid on a preparative scale is described.The synthesis involves a hetero Diels-Alder reaction between a new 1,2-diaza-1,3-diene and ethyl vinyl ether and oxidation of the intermediate 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazine as the key step.
- Vors, Jean-Pierre
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p. 579 - 582
(2007/10/02)
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