- Efficient analoging around ethionamide to explore thioamides bioactivation pathways triggered by boosters in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Ethionamide is a key antibiotic prodrug of the second-line chemotherapy regimen to treat tuberculosis. It targets the biosynthesis of mycolic acids thanks to a mycobacterial bioactivation carried out by the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase EthA, under the control of a transcriptional repressor called EthR. Recently, the drug-like molecule SMARt-420, which triggers a new transcriptional regulator called EthR2, allowed the derepression a cryptic alternative bioactivation pathway of ethionamide. In order to study the bioactivation of a collection of thioisonicotinamides through the two bioactivation pathways, we developed a new two-step chemical pathway that led to the efficient synthesis of eighteen ethionamide analogues. Measurements of the antimycobacterial activity of these derivatives, used alone and in combination with boosters BDM41906 or SMARt-420, suggest that the two different bioactivation pathways proceed via the same mechanism, which implies the formation of similar metabolites. In addition, an electrochemical study of the aliphatic thioisonicotinamide analogues was undertaken to see whether their oxidation potential correlates with their antitubercular activity measured in the presence or in the absence of the two boosters.
- Prieri, Marion,Frita, Rosangela,Probst, Nicolas,Sournia-Saquet, Alix,Bourotte, Marilyne,Déprez, Benoit,Baulard, Alain R.,Willand, Nicolas
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- A efficient protocol for the synthesis of thioamides in [DBUH][OAc] at room temperature
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A novel, simple and eco-friendly method to synthesize thioamides from aryl nitriles and sodium sulfide (Na2S·9H2O) catalyzed by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-enium acetate ([DBUH][OAc]) ionic liquid (IL) at room temperature was developed in this paper. In this reaction, readily available inorganic salt (Na2S·9H2O) serves as the sulfur source, and various functional groups of aryl nitriles were well tolerated at room temperature. In addition, the products were easily separated from the IL which could be reused at least five times without considerable loss of its activity and applied in the green, concise synthesis of ethionamide.
- Cao, Xian-Ting,Qiao, Li,Zheng, Hui,Yang, Hui-Yong,Zhang, Peng-Fei
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p. 170 - 175
(2018/01/17)
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- A simple method for synthesis of thioamides and application in synthesis of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles
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A novel, simple protocol is disclosed for the synthesis of 1,2,4-thiadiazoles starting from thioamides with Na2-eosin Y-sensitized titanium dioxide as catalyst through visible light irradiation (7 W blue LED light) and only 0.3 mol% catalysts were used. The raw material thioamides is prepared by aryl nitriles and sodium sulfide (Na2S9H2O) in DMF and in this reaction, readily available, inexpensive inorganic salt (Na2S9H2O) serves as the sulfur source and various functional groups of aryl nitriles were well and thioamides were synthesized successfully in gram-scale.
- Cao, Xian Ting,Yang, Huiyong,Zheng, Hui,Zhang, Pengfei
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p. 509 - 517
(2018/03/27)
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- Diarylthiazole: An antimycobacterial scaffold potentially targeting PrrB-PrrA two-component system
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Diarylthiazole (DAT), a hit from diversity screening, was found to have potent antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In a systematic medicinal chemistry exploration, we demonstrated chemical opportunities to optimize the potency and physicochemical properties. The effort led to more than 10 compounds with submicromolar MICs and desirable physicochemical properties. The potent antimycobacterial activity, in conjunction with low molecular weight, made the series an attractive lead (antibacterial ligand efficiency (ALE) >0.4). The series exhibited excellent bactericidal activity and was active against drug-sensitive and resistant Mtb. Mutational analysis showed that mutations in prrB impart resistance to DAT compounds but not to reference drugs tested. The sensor kinase PrrB belongs to the PrrBA two component system and is potentially the target for DAT. PrrBA is a conserved, essential regulatory mechanism in Mtb and has been shown to have a role in virulence and metabolic adaptation to stress. Hence, DATs provide an opportunity to understand a completely new target system for antimycobacterial drug discovery.
- Bellale, Eknath,Naik, Maruti,Vb, Varun,Ambady, Anisha,Narayan, Ashwini,Ravishankar, Sudha,Ramachandran, Vasanthi,Kaur, Parvinder,McLaughlin, Robert,Whiteaker, James,Morayya, Sapna,Guptha, Supreeth,Sharma, Sreevalli,Raichurkar, Anandkumar,Awasthy, Disha,Achar, Vijayshree,Vachaspati, Prakash,Bandodkar, Balachandra,Panda, Manoranjan,Chatterji, Monalisa
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supporting information
p. 6572 - 6582
(2014/10/15)
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- A THIONATION PROCESS AND A THIONATING AGENT
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A process for transforming a group >C=O (I) in a compound into a group >C=S (II) or into a tautomeric form of group (II) in a reaction giving a thionated reaction product, by use of crystalline P2S5·2 C5H5N as a thionating agent. A thionating agent which is crystalline P2S5·2 C5H5N
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Page/Page column 13
(2012/08/27)
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- A thionation process and a thionating agent
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A process for transforming a group >C=O (I) in a compound into a group >C=S (II) or into a tautomeric form of group (II) in a reaction giving a thionated reaction product, by use of crystalline P2S5·2 C5H5N as a thionating agent. A thionating agent which is crystalline P2S5·2 C5H5N.
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Page/Page column 8
(2012/08/14)
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- Thionations using a P4S10-pyridine complex in solvents such as acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfone
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Tetraphosphorus decasulfide (P4S10) in pyridine has been used as a thionating agent for a long period of time. The moisture-sensitive reagent has now been isolated in crystalline form, and the detailed structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The thionating power of this storable reagent has been studied and transferred to solvents such as acetonitrile in which it has proven to be synthetically useful and exceptionally selective. Its properties have been compared with the so-called Lawesson reagent (LR). Particularly interesting are the results from thionations at relatively high temperatures (165 °C) in dimethyl sulfone as solvent. Under these conditions, for instance, acridone and 3-acetylindole could quickly be transformed to the corresponding thionated derivatives. Glycylglycine similarly gave piperazinedithione. At these temperatures, LR is inefficient due to rapid decomposition. The thionated products are generally cleaner and more easy to obtain because in the crystalline reagent, impurities which invariably are present in the conventional reagents, P4S 10 in pyridine or LR, have been removed. 2011 American Chemical Society.
- Bergman, Jan,Pettersson, Birgitta,Hasimbegovic, Vedran,Svensson, Per H.
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experimental part
p. 1546 - 1553
(2011/06/11)
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