- PROCESS FOR PREPARING 2,6-DIALKYLPHENYLACETIC ACIDS
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The invention relates to a multi-stage process for preparing 2,6-dialkylphenylacetic acids of the general formula (I) by reacting 2,6-dialkylbromobenzenes with (1) magnesium, (2) a formamide, (3) an acid, (4) hydrogenation of the benzaldehyde obtained, (5
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- APELIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
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Provided herein are agonists of the apelin receptor for the treatment of disease. The compounds disclosed herein are useful for the treatment of a range of cardiovascular, renal and metabolic conditions.
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- MOLECULES HAVING PESTICIDAL UTILITY, AND INTERMEDIATES, COMPOSITIONS, AND PROCESSES, RELATED THERETO
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This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such molecules and compositions against such pests. These molecules and compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula ("Formula One").
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Page/Page column 122; 123
(2016/07/05)
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- Synthesis of α-Aryl nitriles through palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling of cyanoacetate salts with aryl halides and triflates
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Worth its salt: The palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling of the cyanoacetate salt as well as its mono- and disubstituted derivatives with aryl chlorides, bromides, and triflates is described (see scheme). This reaction is potentially useful for the preparation of a diverse array of α-aryl nitriles and has good functional group tolerance. S-Phos=2-(2,6- dimethoxybiphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine), Xant-Phos=4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)- 9,9-dimethylxanthene. Copyright
- Shang, Rui,Ji, Dong-Sheng,Chu, Ling,Fu, Yao,Liu, Lei
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4470 - 4474
(2011/06/24)
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- Mild palladium-catalyzed selective monoarylation of nitriles
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Two new palladium-catalyzed procedures for the arylation of nitriles under less basic conditions than previously reported have been developed. The selective monoarylation of acetonitrile and primary nitriles has been achieved using α-silyl nitriles in the presence of ZnF2. This procedure is compatible with a variety of functional groups, including cyano, keto, nitro, and ester groups, on the aryl bromide. The arylation of secondary nitriles occurred in high yield by conducting reactions with zinc cyanoalkyl reagents. These reaction conditions tolerated base-sensitive functional groups, such as ketones and esters. The combination of these two methods, one with a-silyl nitriles and one with zinc cyanoalkyl reagents, provides a catalytic route to a variety of benzylic nitriles, which have not only biological significance but utility as synthetic intermediates. The utility of these new coupling reactions has been demonstrated by a synthesis of verapamil, a clinically used drug for the treatment of heart disease, by a three-step route from commercial materials that allows convenient variation of the aryl group.
- Wu, Lingyun,Hartwig, John F.
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p. 15824 - 15832
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of 7-cyano- and 7-acetamido-indoles via cyanocarbonation/hydrogenation of 7-formyl indole
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A procedure for the synthesis of 7-cyano and 7-acetamido indoles via cyanocarbonation/hydrogenation of 7-formyl indole is presented. The process can be efficiently scaled up to provide multigram quantities of the desired compounds in good yield. A small survey of substrate scope indicates that the reaction may prove generally useful for the synthesis of aryl acetonitriles.
- Kolis, Stanley P.,Clayton, Marcella T.,Grutsch, John L.,Faul, Margaret M.
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p. 5707 - 5710
(2007/10/03)
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- Benzylimidazolines as h5-HT(1B/1D) serotonin receptor ligands: A structure-affinity investigation
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Benzylimidazolines may represent a class of 5-HT(1D) ligands that has yet to be exploited. On the basis of a previous report that the 2- (substituted-benzyl)imidazoline α-adrenergic agonist oxymetazoline (8) binds with high affinity at calf brain 5-HT(1D) receptors, we explored the structure-affinity relationships of a series of related derivatives. Each of the aromatic substituents was removed and then reinstated in a systematic manner to determine the influence of the individual substituents on binding. It was found that all of the aromatic substituents of 8 act in concert to impart high affinity. However, although the 3-hydroxy group could be removed without significantly reducing affinity for h5-HT(1D) (i.e., human 5- HT(1Dα)) receptors, this modification reduced h5-HT(1B) (i.e., human 5- HT(1Dβ)) receptor affinity by nearly 50-fold. The 2,6-dimethyl groups also contribute to binding but seem to play a greater role for h5-HT(1B) binding than h5-HT(1D) binding. With the appropriate structural modifications, several compounds were identified that display 20- to > 100-fold selectivity for h5-HT(1D) versus h5-HT(1B) receptors. Preliminary functional data suggest that these compounds behave as agonists. Given that 5-HT(1D) agonists are currently being explored for their antimigraine action and that activation of h5-HT(1B) receptors might be associated with cardiovascular side effects, h5- HT(1D)selective agents may offer a new lead for the development of therapeutically efficacious agents.
- Law, Ho,Dukat, Malgorzata,Teitler, Milt,Lee, David K. H.,Mazzocco, Lucia,Kamboj, Raj,Rampersad, Vik,Prisinzano, Thomas,Glennon, Richard A.
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p. 2243 - 2251
(2007/10/03)
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- Antihypertensive Activity of 6-Arylpyridopyrimidin-7-amine Derivatives
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A series of 51 6-arylpyridopyrimidin-7-amine derivatives was prepared and evaluated for antihypertensive activity in the conscious spontaneously hypertensive rat.A number of these compounds, notably 6-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-methylpyridopyrimidin-7-amine (36), lowered blood pressure in these rats in a gradual and sustained manner to normotensive levels at oral doses of 10-50 mg/kg.Normalized blood pressure levels could then be maintained by single daily oral doses.The effect of structural variation in the 6-aryl group and in the 2 and 4 positions of the pyridopyrimidine ring on activity is reported and discussed.
- Bennett, Lawrence R.,Blankley, C. John,Fleming, Robert W.,Smith, Ronald D.,Tessman, Deirdre K.
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p. 382 - 389
(2007/10/02)
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