6283-98-3

Basic information

• Product Name: N-benzylhexanamide
• CAS NO: 6283-98-3
• Molecular Formula: C₁₃H₁₉NO
• Molecular Weight: 205.2961
• Mol File: 6283-98-3.mol
• Article Data: 64

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 378.4°C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 227.9°C
• Density: 0.974g/cm³
• Vapor Pressure: 6.31E-06mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.505
• CAS DataBase Reference: N-benzylhexanamide(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: N-benzylhexanamide(6283-98-3)
• EPA Substance Registry System: N-benzylhexanamide(6283-98-3)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 6283-98-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Upstream product

• 1466-67-7 1,3-dibenzylurea 
• 142-62-1 hexanoic acid 
• 821-41-0 5-Hexen-1-ol 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 111-27-3 hexan-1-ol 
• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 111-70-6 n-heptan1ol 
• 2051-49-2 n-hexanoic anhydride 
• 6378-65-0 n-hexyl caproate 
• 57742-51-5 5-butyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione 
• 4856-92-2 benzylamine BH₃ adduct 
• 372-80-5 hexanoyl fluoride 
• 167862-24-0 phenylmethylene dihexanoate 
• 628-02-4 Caproamide 

Downstream Products

• 1669-33-6 pentyl 4-methylphenyl ketone 
• 942-92-7 caprophenone 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 111-27-3 hexan-1-ol 
• 1438857-82-9 C₁₃H₂₅NO 

Relevant articles and documents

AMINE-BORANES AS BIFUNCTIONAL REAGENTS FOR DIRECT AMIDATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

The present invention generally relates to a process for selective and direct activation and subsequent amidation of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids to afford an amide R3CONR1R2. That the process is capable of delivering gaseous or low-boiling point amines provides a major advantage over existing methodologies, which involves an intermediate of triacyloxyborane-amine complex [(R3CO2)3—B—NHR1R2]. This procedure readily produces primary, secondary, and tertiary amides, and is compatible with the chirality of the acid and amine involved. The preparation of known pharmaceutical molecules and intermediates has also been demonstrated.

Near-Ambient-Temperature Dehydrogenative Synthesis of the Amide Bond: Mechanistic Insight and Applications

The current existing methods for the amide bond synthesis via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of amines and alcohols all require high reaction temperatures for effective catalysis, typically involving reflux in toluene, limiting their potential practical applications. Herein, we report a system for this reaction that proceeds under mild conditions (reflux in diethyl ether, boiling point 34.6 °C) using ruthenium PNNH complexes. The low-temperature activity stems from the ability of Ru-PNNH complexes to activate alcohol and hemiaminals at near-ambient temperatures through the assistance of the terminal N-H proton. Mechanistic studies reveal the presence of an unexpected aldehyde-bound ruthenium species during the reaction, which is also the catalytic resting state. We further utilize the low-temperature activity to synthesize several simple amide bond-containing commercially available pharmaceutical drugs from the corresponding amines and alcohols via the dehydrogenative coupling method.

Dehydrogenative amide synthesis from alcohols and amines utilizing N-heterocyclic carbene-based ruthenium complexes as efficient catalysts: The influence of catalyst loadings, ancillary and added ligands

The metal-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and amines to access amides has been recognized as an atom-economic and environmental-friendly process. Apart from the formation of the amide products, three other kinds of compounds (esters, imines and amines) may also be produced. Therefore, it is of vital importance to investigate product distribution in this transformation. Herein, N-heterocyclic carbene-based Ru (NHC/Ru) complexes [Ru-1]-[Ru-5] with different ancillary ligands were prepared and characterized. Based on these complexes, we selected condition A (without an added NHC precursor) and condition B (with an added NHC precursor) to comprehensively explore the selectivity and yield of the desired amides. After careful evaluation of various parameters, the Ru loadings, added NHC precursors and the electronic/steric properties of ancillary NHC ligands were found to have considerable influence on this catalytic process.

Ammonia-borane as a Catalyst for the Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids

Ammonia-borane serves as an efficient substoichiometric (10%) precatalyst for the direct amidation of both aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids. In situ generation of amine-boranes precedes the amidation and, unlike the amidation with stoichiometric amine-boranes, this process is facile with 1 equiv of the acid. This methodology has high functional group tolerance and chromatography-free purification but is not amenable for esterification. The latter feature has been exploited to prepare hydroxyl- and thiol-containing amides.

Efficient and accessible silane-mediated direct amide coupling of carboxylic acids and amines

A straightforward method for the direct synthesis of amides from amines and carboxylic acids without exclusion of air or moisture using diphenylsilane with N-methylpyrrolidine has been developed. Various amides are made efficiently, and broad functional group compatibility is shown through a Glorius robustness study. A gram-scale synthesis demonstrates the scalability of this method. This journal is

N-Hydroxybenzimidazole as a structurally modifiable platform forN-oxyl radicals for direct C-H functionalization reactions

Methods for direct functionalization of C-H bonds mediated byN-oxyl radicals constitute a powerful tool in modern organic synthesis. While severalN-oxyl radicals have been developed to date, the lack of structural diversity for these species has hampered further progress in this field. Here we designed a novel class ofN-oxyl radicals based onN-hydroxybenzimidazole, and applied them to the direct C-H functionalization reactions. The flexibly modifiable features of these structures enabled facile tuning of their catalytic performance. Moreover, with these organoradicals, we have developed a metal-free approach for the synthesis of acyl fluoridesviadirect C-H fluorination of aldehydes under mild conditions.

Environmentally benign decarboxylative: N-, O-, and S-Acetylations and acylations

An operationally simple and general method for acetylation and acylation of a wide variety of substrates (amines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, and hydrazones) has been reported. Meldrum's acid and its derivatives have been used as an air-stable, non-volatile, cost-effective, and easy to handle acetylating/acylating agent. Easily separable byproducts (CO2 and acetone) allowed the isolation of analytically pure acetylated products without the requirement of work-up and any chromatography. This journal is

Amine-boranes as Dual-Purpose Reagents for Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids

Amine-boranes serve as dual-purpose reagents for direct amidation, activating aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids and, subsequently, delivering amines to provide the corresponding amides in up to 99% yields. Delivery of gaseous or low-boiling amines as their borane complexes provides a major advantage over existing methodologies. Utilizing amine-boranes containing borane incompatible functionalities allows for the preparation of functionalized amides. An intermolecular mechanism proceeding through a triacyloxyborane-amine complex is proposed.

Well-defined N-heterocyclic carbene/ruthenium complexes for the alcohol amidation with amines: The dual role of cesium carbonate and improved activities applying an added ligand

Dehydrogenative amide bond formation from alcohols and amines has been regarded as an atom-economic and sustainable process. Among various catalytic systems, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based Ru catalytic systems have attracted growing interest due to the outstanding properties of NHCs as ligands. Herein, an NHC/Ru complex (1) was prepared and its structure was further confirmed with X-ray crystallography. In the presence of Cs2CO3, two NHC/Ru-based catalytic systems were disclosed to be active for this amide synthesis. System A, which did not contain any added ligand, required a catalyst loading of 1.00 mol%. Interestingly, improved catalytic performance was realized by the addition of an NHC precursor (L). Optimization of the amounts of L and other conditions gave rise to system B, a much more potent system with the Ru loading as low as 0.25 mol%. Moreover, an NHC-Ru-carbonate complex 6 was identified from the refluxing toluene of 1 and Cs2CO3, and further investigations revealed that 6 was an important intermediate for this catalytic reaction. Based on the above results, we claimed that the role of Cs2CO3 was to facilitate the formation of key intermediate 6. On the other hand, it provided the optimized basicity for the selective amide formation.

Direct amidation of non-activated carboxylic acid and amine derivatives catalyzed by TiCp2Cl2

This paper described a mild and efficient direct amidation of non-activated carboxylic acid and amine derivatives catalyzed by TiCp2Cl2. Arylacetic acid derivatives reacted with different amines to afford the corresponding amides in good to excellent yield except of aniline. Aryl formic acids failed to react with aniline but smoothly reacted with aliphatic amines and benzylamine in moderate to good yield, fatty acids reacting with benzyl and aliphatic amines give amides in good to excellent yield. Chiral amino acids derivatives were transformed into amides without racemization in moderate yield. The possible mechanism of direct amidation catalyzed by TiCp2Cl2 was discussed. This catalytic method is very suitable for the amidation of low sterically hindered arylacetic acid, fatty acids with different low sterically hindered amines except aniline, as well as the amidation of aryl formic acid with benzyl and aliphatic amines.