- SULFONIUM SALT, PHOTOACID GENERATOR, PHOTO-CURABLE COMPOSITION, AND CURED PRODUCT OF THE PHOTO-CURABLE COMPOSITION
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An object of the present invention is to provide a sulfonium salt that has sufficient photosensitivity by active energy rays, such as visible light, ultraviolet rays, electron beams, and X-rays. The present invention is a sulfonium salt represented by formula (1). It is noted that R 1 is a group represented by formula (2); R 2 and R 3 each represent an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms; X - represents a monovalent polyatomic anion; R 4 to R 6 each represent an alkyl group, or the like; k represents an integer of 0 to 4; m represents an integer of 0 to 3; n represents an integer of 0 to 4; and A represents a group represented by -S-, -O-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, or -CO - .
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Paragraph 0191-0197; 0201-0205
(2013/03/26)
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF MONOSULFONIUM SALTS, CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION INITIATORS, CURABLE COMPOSITIONS, AND PRODUCTS OF CURING
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A monosulfonium salt in which very little unreacted raw material remains, which has a purity of at least 96%, and which has one sulfonio group in its molecule is manufactured without a refining step. After (a) an aryl compound, (b) a sulfoxide compound, (c) a dehydrating agent, and (d) a BF4, PF6, AsF6, or SbF6 salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal are introduced into a reaction system, (e) an inorganic acid is added, so that the aryl compound (a) and the sulfoxide compound (b) are subjected to dehydration condensation.
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Page/Page column 11
(2010/11/08)
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SULFONIUM SALT
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It is an object of the invention to provide a method which makes it possible to manufacture the desired sulfonium salts directly without using a metathesis process and without using acids in large excess amounts. An aryl compound (A) in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to at least one of the carbon atoms of the aryl group, and a sulfoxide compound (B) which can be expressed by the formula: R1 SO R2 (where R1 and R2 indicate hydrocarbon groups or heterocyclic groups which may be substituted, and which may be the same or different) are reacted in the presence of a strong acid (C) which can be expressed by the formula:HMXmYn (where M indicates an element of group IIIa or group Va of the periodic table, X indicates a halogen atom, Y indicates a hydroxyl group, m and n are integers which are such that m + n="4 and" n = 0 to 3 in cases where M is an element of group IIIa, and m and n are integers which are such that m + n="6 and" n = 0 to 2 in cases where M is an element of group Va).
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Page/Page column 7-8
(2010/01/31)
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- Photochemistry of triarylsulfonium salts
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The photolysis of triphenylsulfonium, tris(4-methylphenyl)sulfonium, tris(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonium, several monosubstituted (4-F, 4-Cl, 4-Me, 4-MeO, 4-PhS, and 4-PhCO), and disubstituted (4,4′-Me2 and 4,4′-(MeO)2) triphenylsulfonium salts was examined in solution. It was found that direct irradiation of triphenylsulfonium salts produced new rearrangement products, phenylthiobiphenyls, along with diphenyl sulfide, which had been previously reported. Similarly, the triarylsulfonium salts, with the exception of the [4-(phenylthio)phenyl]diphenylsulfonium salts, gave the new rearrangement products. The mechanism for direct photolysis is proposed to occur from the singlet excited state to give a predominant heterolytic cleavage along with some homolytic cleavage. The heterolytic cleavage gives phenyl cation and diphenyl sulfide, whereas homolytic cleavage gives the singlet phenyl radical and diphenylsulfinyl radical cation pair. These pairs of intermediates then produce the observed photoproducts by an in-cage recombination mechanism and also by reactions with the solvent. The effect of solvent viscosity, solvent polarity, anion, and aryl substituent was examined. The triplet sensitization of the sulfonium salts was also investigated. In contrast to previous reports, the triplet state of the sulfonium salt is labile, leading to a triplet geminate radical pair of phenyl radical and diphenylsulfinyl radical cation. These species ultimately form benzene and diphenyl sulfide as products. Direct photolysis of the [4-(phenylthio)phenyl]diphenylsulfonium salt, gave exclusively diphenyl sulfide, benzene, and acid and decomposes via the triplet excited state.
- Dektar, John L.,Hacker, Nigel P.
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p. 6004 - 6015
(2007/10/02)
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