- A solvent-free manganese(II) -catalyzed Clauson-Kaas protocol for the synthesis of N-aryl pyrroles under microwave irradiation
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The first manganese-catalyzed modified Clauson-Kaas reaction for N-substituted pyrrole synthesis using 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran with variously substituted aromatic amines has been developed (up to 89% yield). This interesting neat strategy is free from additives including co-catalysts, ligands, and acids. Relatively low cost, environmentally benign, and handy Mn(NO3)2·4H2O is employed as the catalyst under microwave conditions with a very short reaction time (20?min). The above qualities attest to the green nature of this reaction.
- Rohit, Kizhakkekuttu Radhakrishnan,Meera, Gopinadh,Anilkumar, Gopinathan
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supporting information
p. 194 - 200
(2021/10/12)
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- Utilization of caffeine carbon supported cobalt catalyst in the tandem synthesis of pyrroles from nitroarenes and alkenyl diols
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Employing bio-waste caffeine carbon-supported heterogeneous cobalt catalyst, synthesis of various substituted pyrrole derivatives is reported. In this methodology, pyrroles were synthesized through coupling between nitroarenes and alkenyl diols in a tandem manner. Among all the heterogeneous catalysts Co(OAc)2-CC-800 displayed the highest catalytic activity. Preparative scale synthesis of pyrroles and synthesis of anti-tubercular agent 5-(4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol revealed the practical applicability of this protocol. Several kinetic experiments and Hammett studies were conducted to understand the probable mechanism and electronic effects on this transformation.
- Balasubramaniam, Bhuvaneshwari,Dhara, Partha,Gupta, Raju K.,Kundu, Sabuj,Panja, Dibyajyoti,Sau, Anirban
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p. 244 - 254
(2021/09/07)
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- A facile synthesis of diaryl pyrroles led to the discovery of potent colchicine site antimitotic agents
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Three different series of cis-restricted analogues of combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), corresponding to thirty-nine molecules that contained a pyrrole nucleus interposed between the two aryl rings, were prepared by a palladium-mediated coupling approach and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against six human cancer cell lines. In the two series of 1,2-diaryl pyrrole derivatives, results suggested that the presence of the 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl moiety at the N-1 position of the pyrrole ring was more favorable for antiproliferative activity. In the series of 3,4-diarylpyrrole analogues, three compounds (11i-k) exhibited maximal antiproliferative activity, showing excellent antiproliferative activity against the CA-4 resistant HT-29 cells. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization of selected 1,2 pyrrole derivatives (9a, 9c, 9o and 10a) was similar to that observed with CA-4, while the isomeric 3,4-pyrrole analogues 11i-k were generally from 1.5- to 2-fold more active than CA-4. Compounds 11j and 11k were the only compounds that showed activity as inhibitors of colchicine binding comparable to that CA-4. Compound 11j had biological properties consistent with its intracellular target being tubulin. This compound was able to block the cell cycle in metaphase and to induce significant apoptosis at a concentration of 25 nM, following the mitochondrial pathway, with low toxicity for normal cells. More importantly, compound 11j exerted activity in vivo superior to that of CA-4P, being able to significantly reduce tumor growth in a syngeneic murine tumor model even at the lower dose tested (5.0 mg/kg).
- Romagnoli, Romeo,Oliva, Paola,Salvador, Maria Kimatrai,Manfredini, Stefano,Padroni, Chiara,Brancale, Andrea,Ferla, Salvatore,Hamel, Ernest,Ronca, Roberto,Maccarinelli, Federica,Rruga, Fatlum,Mariotto, Elena,Viola, Giampietro,Bortolozzi, Roberta
-
-
- Rearrangement and cyclisation reactions on the 1-Arylpyrrol-2-iminyl-2-Aryliminopyrrol-1-yl radical energy surface
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Independent generation of the iminyl (X = N) and pyrrol-1-yl (X = N) radicals by flash vacuum pyrolysis of the corresponding oxime ether and N-(dimethylamino) compound, respectively, provides two regioisomeric pyrrolo1,2-A]quinoxalines compounds. This shows that the radical species interconvert via the spirodienyl moeity at high temperatures. Corresponding generation of the pyrrol-1-yl (X = CH) radical gives the pyrrolo[1,2-A]quinoline as the only cyclised product. In this case, DFT calculations suggest that direct cyclisation of the pyrrol-1-yl takes place, rather than formation of the spirodienyl species and exclusive migration of the C-N bond.
- Borthwick, Scott,Foot, Jonathan,Ieva, Maria,McNab, Hamish,McNab, Lilian,Rozgowska, Emma J.,Wright, Andrew
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supporting information
p. 161 - 175
(2021/02/02)
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- Metal-Free Synthetic Shortcut to Octahydro-Dipyrroloquinoline Skeletons from 2,5-Cyclohexadienone Derivatives and l -Proline
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The tandem decarboxylative condensation-dimerization reaction of l-proline with 2,5-cyclohexadienones including p-quinone monoacetals, p-quinol ethers, and p-quinols is reported to provide a concise and rapid synthesis of octahydro-dipyrroloquinoline comp
- Zhang, Can,Li, Jianbin,Wang, Xin,Shen, Xuan,Zhu, Dunru,Shen, Ruwei
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p. 10397 - 10406
(2021/07/31)
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- Ligand and Cu freeN-arylation of indoles, pyrroles and benzylamines with aryl halides catalyzed by a Pd nanocatalyst
-
Herein, theN-arylation of aromatic heterocycles like indoles and pyrroles is reported by a Pd nanocatalyst under ligand- and Cu-free conditions. The reaction conditions tolerate several functional groups and work very efficiently for aryl iodides and bromides. Aryl chlorides are also successful as the coupling partners albeit with lower yields. The methodology is also applicable for theN-arylation of aliphatic primary amines as demonstrated by the reactions of benzylamine with several aryl iodides as well as bromides. The recyclable Pd nanocatalyst catalyzes the reaction by a heterogeneous mechanism, which has been demonstrated by several techniques including the three phase test and thein situICP-MS analysis of the reaction mixture.
- Paul, Abhijit,Chatterjee, Debnath,Banerjee, Srirupa,Yadav, Somnath
-
supporting information
p. 14447 - 14452
(2020/09/21)
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- A Co-Cu bimetallic magnetic nanocatalyst with synergistic and bifunctional performance for the base-free Suzuki, Sonogashira, and C-N cross-coupling reactions in water
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A novel magnetically recyclable bimetallic catalyst was prepared by anchoring imidazolium moiety and PEG chains on Fe3O4 NPs and named as Fe3O4?PEG/Cu-Co. It was found to be a powerful catalyst for the Sonogashira, Suzuki, and C-N cross-coupling reactions in water as a green solvent without the need for any external base. Fe3O4?PEG/Cu-Co was well characterized with FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, VSM, EDX, ICP, UV-visible, CV, and XPS analyses. Optimum ranges of parameters such as time, temperature, and amount of catalyst were investigated by Design-Expert 10.0.7 software for C-C Suzuki, Sonogashira, and C-N cross-coupling reactions to find the optimum conditions. The catalyst was compatible with a variety of aryl halides and N-arenes and gave favorable coupling products with good to high yields for all of them. Hot filtration and Hg poisoning tests involving the nanocatalyst revealed the stability, low metal leaching, and heterogeneous nature of the catalyst. Reaction mechanisms were proposed by study of the UV-visible spectra in situ as well as hydroquinone tests during the progress of reactions. In situ XPS analysis was also used to study the reaction mechanism. To prove the synergistic performance of Co and Cu in the catalyst, its various homologues were synthesized and applied to a model reaction separately, and then their catalytic activities were investigated. Finally, the catalyst could be recovered from the reaction mixture simply, and reused for several cycles with a minimum loss in catalytic activity and performance.
- Allahresani, Ali,Kazemnejadi, Milad,Nasseri, Mohammad Ali,Rezazadeh, Zinat
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p. 10645 - 10660
(2020/09/18)
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- Nickel/Photoredox-Catalyzed Methylation of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides Using Trimethyl Orthoformate as a Methyl Radical Source
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Methylation of organohalides represents a valuable transformation, but typically requires harsh reaction conditions or reagents. We report a radical approach for the methylation of (hetero)aryl chlorides using nickel/photoredox catalysis wherein trimethyl orthoformate, a common laboratory solvent, serves as a methyl source. This method permits methylation of (hetero)aryl chlorides and acyl chlorides at an early and late stage with broad functional group compatibility. Mechanistic investigations indicate that trimethyl orthoformate serves as a source of methyl radical via β-scission from a tertiary radical generated upon chlorine-mediated hydrogen atom transfer.
- Kariofillis, Stavros K.,Shields, Benjamin J.,Tekle-Smith, Makeda A.,Zacuto, Michael J.,Doyle, Abigail G.
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supporting information
p. 7683 - 7689
(2020/04/22)
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- Lactam derivatives and preparation method and application thereof
-
The invention relates to lactam derivatives and a preparation method and application thereof. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides lactam compounds with a novel structure. The compoundsand compositions thereof have remarkable activity in inhibition of the proliferation of cancer cells (including, but not limited to, the liver cancer cell line HepG2 and the lung cancer cell line A549), and the activity of multiple compounds is in the same order of magnitude as the activity of the commercial drug adriamycin or superior to the activity of adriamycin. The compounds of the inventioncan be prepared from N-substituted pyrrole compounds through a reaction, and the preparation method is convenient, rapid and efficient.
- -
-
Paragraph 0048-0052; 0076; 0085
(2020/02/10)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed C-N Cross-Coupling of NH-Heteroarenes and Quaternary Ammonium Salts via C-N Bond Cleavage
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In this paper, we extend the substrate class of Buchwald-Hartwig amination to quaternary ammonium salts. In the presence of Pd(OAc)2 and t-BuXPhos, the coupling of aryl- or arylmethyltrimethylammonium triflates with NH-heteroarenes via C-N bond cleavage affords the desired N-aryl or N-arylmethyl heteroarenes in moderate to excellent yields.
- Chen, Hongyi,Yang, Hongqin,Li, Nutao,Xue, Xinghua,He, Ze,Zeng, Qingle
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p. 1679 - 1685
(2019/08/20)
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- Synergistic catalysis for light-driven proton reduction using a polyoxometalate-based Cu-Ni heterometallic-organic framework
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Synergistic effects of bimetallic Ni and Cu supported on metal-organic polymer composites based on Wells-Dawson P2W18O626- clusters as photosensitizer units were identified, and we report a novel approach for addressing these issues for dehydrogenation and hydrogen production reactions.
- Sun, Wenlong,He, Cheng,Liu, Tao,Duan, Chunying
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supporting information
p. 3805 - 3808
(2019/04/01)
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- A facile synthesis of 1-aryl pyrroles by clauson-Kaas reaction using oxone as a catalyst under microwave irradiation
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A new and efficient methodology to synthesize N-substituted pyrrole derivatives by Clauson Kaas reaction employing Oxone as catalyst was developed. The transformation was performed in acetonitrile under microwave irradiation. This procedure has several advantages such as high yield, clean product formation, and short reaction time.
- Gullapelli, Kumaraswamy,Brahmeshwari,Ravichander
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p. 143 - 148
(2019/03/21)
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- Synthesis of 2,2,5-Trisubstituted 2 H-Pyrroles and 2,3,5-Trisubstituted 1 H-Pyrroles by Ligand-Controlled Site-Selective Dearomative C2-Arylation and Direct C3-Arylation
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Palladium-catalyzed site-selective dearomative C2-arylation of 2,5-diaryl-1H-pyrroles with aryl chlorides was accomplished, and a series of 2,2,5-triaryl-2H-pyrroles were synthesized. In addition, the site selectivity of the reaction was switched by simply changing the ligand, and the direct C3-arylated 2,3,5-triaryl-1H-pyrroles were prepared. The obtained 2,2,5-triaryl-2H-pyrroles could be further transformed into 2,2,5,5-tetraarylpyrrolidines.
- Yamaguchi, Miyuki,Fujiwara, Sakiko,Manabe, Kei
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supporting information
p. 6972 - 6977
(2019/09/03)
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- Diels-Alder cycloadditions of N-arylpyrroles via aryne intermediates using diaryliodonium salts
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With a strategy of the formation of benzynes by using diaryliodonium salts, a cycloaddition reaction of N-arylpyrroles with benzynes was reported. A wide range of bridge-ring amines with various substituents have been synthesized in moderate to excellent yields (35-96%). Furthermore, with a catalytic amount of TsOH·H2O, these amines can be converted into the corresponding N-phenylamine derivatives easily, which are potentially useful in photosensitive dyes.
- Chen, Huangguan,Han, Jianwei,Wang, Limin
-
supporting information
p. 354 - 363
(2018/02/19)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-Substituted Pyrroles Using Diols with Aryl- and Alkylamines
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Herein, nickel-catalyzed sustainable strategy for the synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles using butene-1,4-diols and butyne-1,4-diols with a series of aryl-, alkyl-, and heteroarylamines is reported. The catalytic protocol is tolerant of free alcohol, halide, alkyl, alkoxy, oxygen heterocycles, activated benzyl, and the pyridine moiety and resulted in up to 90% yield. Initial mechanistic studies involving defined nickel catalyst, determination of rate, and order of reaction including deuterium-labeling experiments were performed for pyrrole synthesis.
- Singh, Khushboo,Kabadwal, Lalit Mohan,Bera, Sourajit,Alanthadka, Anitha,Banerjee, Debasis
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p. 15406 - 15414
(2019/01/04)
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- Unveiling the Biocatalytic Aromatizing Activity of Monoamine Oxidases MAO-N and 6-HDNO: Development of Chemoenzymatic Cascades for the Synthesis of Pyrroles
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A chemoenzymatic cascade process for the sustainable production of pyrroles has been developed. Pyrroles were synthesized by exploiting the previously unexplored aromatizing activity of monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAO-N and 6-HDNO). MAO-N/6-HDNO whole cell biocatalysts are able to convert 3-pyrrolines into pyrroles under mild conditions and in high yields. Moreover, MAO-N can work in combination with the ruthenium Grubbs catalyst, leading to the synthesis of pyrroles from diallylamines/-anilines in a one-pot cascade metathesis-aromatization sequence.
- Scalacci, Nicoló,Black, Gary W.,Mattedi, Giulio,Brown, Nicola L.,Turner, Nicholas J.,Castagnolo, Daniele
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p. 1295 - 1300
(2017/08/09)
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- CopperII phthalocyanine as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the N-arylation of nitrogen containing heterocycles
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Copper phthalocyanine (CuIIPc) was found to be an efficient catalyst for the catalyzed N-arylation of N–H heterocycles with aryl iodides and bromides under mild reaction conditions. A variety of hindered and functionalized N–H heterocycles and aryl halides were successfully used as the substrates for the given catalytic reaction and were transformed in good to excellent yields.
- Yadav, Kumar Karitkey,Narang, Uma,Bhattacharya, Soumee,Chauhan, Shive M.S.
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supporting information
p. 3044 - 3048
(2017/07/17)
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- The Catalytic Properties of a Copper-Based Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Fabricated by a Solvent-Etching Top-Down Route
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Manipulating particle size is a powerful means of creating unprecedented applications in both inorganic and organic materials. Coordination polymers, which are emerging as a type of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, have attracted thriving interest in a variety of applications, but nanoscale coordination polymers have scarcely been touched. In this work, the pure-phase {Cu6[1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane]3I6}∞ coordination polymer with different sizes and morphologies was synthesized for the first time through a facile top-down route assisted by solvent etching. The size and morphology could be adjusted simply by varying the participating etching solvents. Our mechanistic investigations suggest that the bulk coordination polymer as a precursor in the etching solvents may experience a process of dispersion, dissolution, and recrystallization to generate the nanoscale counterpart. High catalytic activity of the nanoscale coordination polymer was observed in the N-arylation of imidazole aryl halides, and this was attributed to a high surface area and a low coordination number of unsaturated coordination sites. This simple and rapid preparation, requiring neither specialized equipment nor harsh conditions, suggests a wealth of potential for reducing the size of coordination polymers to comply with various practical applications.
- Cao, Xiaowei,Fang, Zhenlan,Huang, Wei,Ju, Qiang
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supporting information
p. 4803 - 4807
(2017/11/14)
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- Cu2O/Cs2CO3/DMF: An efficient catalytic system for N-arylation of imidazole with aryl halides under ligand-free conditions
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A ligand-free Cu-catalyzed protocol for the Ullmann-type N-arylation of N-containing heterocycles with aryl or heteroaryl iodides and bromides has been established. A broad range of functional groups is well tolerated on both of the cross-coupling partners, producing the desired products in good to excellent yields.
- Wang, Xiaochuang,Wang, Meiji,Xie, Jianwei
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supporting information
p. 1797 - 1803
(2017/09/22)
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- Copper(I) Oxide/N,N′-Bis[(2-furyl)methyl]oxalamide-Catalyzed Coupling of (Hetero)aryl Halides and Nitrogen Heterocycles at Low Catalytic Loading
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An easily prepared oxalic diamide is a powerful ligand for the copper-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with nitrogen heterocycles. Only 1–2 mol% each of copper(I) oxide and N,N′-bis[(2-furyl)methyl]oxalamide (BFMO) are needed to form N-arylation products under mild conditions. More than 10 different types of nitrogen heterocycles are compatible with these conditions, thereby giving the corresponding N-arylation products. (Figure presented.).
- Pawar, Govind Goroba,Wu, Haibo,De, Subhadip,Ma, Dawei
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supporting information
p. 1631 - 1636
(2017/05/22)
-
- A carbon nitride supported copper nanoparticle composite: a heterogeneous catalyst for the N-arylation of hetero-aromatic compounds
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A graphitic carbon nitride supported copper nanoparticle composite (Cu-gCN) has been found to be an active catalyst for the N-arylation of hetero-aromatic systems (pyrrole, pyrazole, and substituted indole) and benzamide molecules, with high product selectivity and good to excellent yields, using substituted aryl bromide as a coupling partner. The intercalated structure and the amine functional group of the carbon nitride prevent the aggregation of the catalytically active copper species during the reaction, and the recyclability study shows the stable performance of the catalyst without a significant loss of catalytic activity.
- Nandi, Debkumar,Siwal, Samarjeet,Mallick, Kaushik
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supporting information
p. 3082 - 3088
(2017/04/14)
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- Pd/Cu-catalyzed dual C-H bond carbonylation towards the synthesis of fluorazones
-
Pd/Cu catalyzed oxidative dual C-H bond activation/carbonylation still remains a great challenge due to the generation of by-products via C-C bond formation. Herein we developed a straightforward Pd/Cu-catalyzed oxidative dual C-H bond carbonylation process to access biologically and pharmaceutically important fluorazones from easily available N-aryl pyrroles and CO. A wide range of functional groups were well tolerated in this transformation, and O2 could be utilized as the only terminal oxidant to promote the oxidative carbonylation process.
- Liao, Fan,Shi, Renyi,Sha, Yuchen,Xia, Jianhui,Liao, Weilin,Lei, Aiwen
-
supporting information
p. 4354 - 4357
(2017/04/21)
-
- A nitrogen-containing cyclic olefin compound (by machine translation)
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[A] a method of efficiently producing the nitrogen-containing cyclic olefin compound. [Solution] the low valent niobium complex, (I) the formula represented by protective diallylamine N -, (II) a nitrogen-containing cyclic olefin compound represented by t
- -
-
Paragraph 0058
(2017/07/31)
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- Efficient and recyclable copper-based MOF-catalyzed N-arylation of N-containing heterocycles with aryliodides
-
Copper-based MOF-199 was used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze cross-coupling reactions between N-containing heterocycles and aryliodides with high yields. The catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture, and can be reused at least 5 times without significantly decreasing the activity. The XRD results showed that the crystallinity and structure of MOF-199 can be maintained well during the coupling reaction.
- Li, Zihao,Meng, Fei,Zhang, Jie,Xie, Jianwei,Dai, Bin
-
supporting information
p. 10861 - 10865
(2016/12/06)
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- N-Picolinamides as ligands for Ullmann-type C-N coupling reactions
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The use of N-phenyl-2-pyridincarboxamide-1-oxide as a ligand with Cu2O in Ullmann type C-N bond formations between aryl halides and N-heteroaryls in common solvents, such as MeCN, DMF, and DMSO at 82-120 °C has been successfully demonstrated. The ligand is effective when only 4% equiv is used relative to the substrate. The reaction provided the corresponding products in coupling of electron-rich, electron poor, and ortho-substituted aryl halides, including ortho aryl-chlorides, in good to very good yields. N-arylation is selectively preferred at the benzyl position when ortho-halide benzyl bromide is reacted with one equivalent of pyrazole. However, di-N-arylation is achieved in very high yields when 2.5 equiv of pyrazole is used, providing a stoichiometric control over the coupling reaction.
- Damkaci, Fehmi,Alawaed, Abdulkhaliq,Vik, Erik
-
supporting information
p. 2197 - 2200
(2016/05/02)
-
- Electronically Strongly Coupled Divinylheterocyclic-Bridged Diruthenium Complexes
-
Complexes [{Ru(CO)Cl(PiPr3)2}2(μ-2,5-(CH=CH)2-cC4H2E] (E=NR; R=C6H4-4-NMe2 (10a), C6H4-4-OMe (10b), C6H4-4-Me (10c), C6H5 (10d), C6H4-4-CO2Et (10e), C6H4-4-NO2 (10f), C6H3-3,5-(CF3)2 (10g), CH3 (11); E=O (12), S (13)) are discussed. The solid state structures of four alkynes and two complexes are reported. (Spectro)electrochemical studies show a moderate influence of the nature of the heteroatom and the electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents R in 10a-g on the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties. The CVs display two consecutive one-electron redox events with ΔE°′=350-495 mV. A linear relationship between ΔE°′ and the σp Hammett constant for 10a-f was found. IR, UV/Vis/NIR and EPR studies for 10+-13+ confirm full charge delocalization over the {Ru}CH=CH-heterocycle-CH=CH{Ru} backbone, classifying them as Class III systems according to the Robin and Day classification. DFT-optimized structures of the neutral complexes agree well with the experimental ones and provide insight into the structural consequences of stepwise oxidations.
- Pfaff, Ulrike,Hildebrandt, Alexander,Korb, Marcus,O?wald, Steffen,Linseis, Michael,Schreiter, Katja,Spange, Stefan,Winter, Rainer F.,Lang, Heinrich
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p. 783 - 801
(2016/01/15)
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- A novel and convenient method for the preparation of 5-(diphenylmethylene)-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones; synthesis and mechanistic study
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An efficient, regioselective synthesis has been developed for the preparation of 5-(diphenylmethylene)-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones from readily available 1H-pyrroles by sequential dibromination and selective organometallic bromine/lithium exchange followed by reaction with benzophenone. Comparison of various N-substituents was shown to demonstrate the high tolerance of the transformation to functional groups. The structures of the new products were determined by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. In addition, theoretical study of the reaction mechanism and selective functionalization of the endocyclic double bond were also presented.
- Faigl, Ferenc,Deák, Szilvia,Mucsi, Zoltán,Hergert, Tamás,Balázs, László,Sándor, Boros,Balázs, Barbara,Holczbauer, Tamás,Nyerges, Miklós,Mátrav?lgyi, Béla
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p. 5444 - 5455
(2016/08/04)
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- Sustainable Pathways to Pyrroles through Iron-Catalyzed N-Heterocyclization from Unsaturated Diols and Primary Amines
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Pyrroles are prominent scaffolds in pharmaceutically active compounds and play an important role in medicinal chemistry. Therefore, the development of new, atom-economic, and sustainable catalytic strategies to obtain these moieties is highly desired. Direct catalytic pathways that utilize readily available alcohol substrates have been recently established; however, these approaches rely on the use of noble metals such as ruthenium or iridium. Here, we report on the direct synthesis of pyrroles using a catalyst based on the earth-abundant and inexpensive iron. The method uses 2-butyne-1,4-diol or 2-butene-1,4-diol that can be directly coupled with anilines, benzyl amines, and aliphatic amines to obtain a variety of N-substituted pyrroles in moderate-to-excellent isolated yields.
- Yan, Tao,Barta, Katalin
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p. 2321 - 2325
(2016/10/24)
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- An efficient heterogeneous catalytic method for the N-arylation of pyrrole and other N-heterocycles
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Abstract 4 ? molecular sieve modified with copper(0) or copper(II) is an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the arylation of pyrrole and some other heterocycles with iodo- or bromoarenes, Cs2CO3 base and pyrrole (or DMF) solvent. The catalysts can be easily prepared and are reusable.
- Nmeth, Jnos,Debreczeni, Nra,Gresits, Ivn,Blint, Mria,Hell, Zoltn
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p. 1113 - 1119
(2015/08/06)
-
- Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as an efficient reusable heterogeneous catalyst for green synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles in water
-
In this protocol, the functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was carried out and the resulting sulfonated MWCNTs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, BET, EDX, XPS and Raman spectroscopy that are each discussed separately in the text. Then, the MWCNT-SO3H composite was applied as an efficient, recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles via the reaction of 2,5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran with primary amines under clean and mild conditions. In this reaction, the N-substituted pyrroles were obtained as beneficial and significant products in short reaction times (30-65 min) and good to excellent yields (40-92%) with high purity. The products were obtained through a simple work up procedure and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. After the end of the reaction, the nanocatalyst was recovered and reused several times without efficient loss of its activity for the preparation of N-substituted pyrroles.
- Naeimi, Hossein,Dadaei, Mahla
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p. 76221 - 76228
(2015/09/28)
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- Synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles via Pd-catalyzed oxidative alkene C-H bond arylation and amination
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A novel Pd(II)-catalyzed oxidative approach to construct polysubstituted pyrroles from N-homoallylicamines and arylboronic acids was developed. This transformation is supposed to proceed through cascade formation of C-C and C-N bonds via oxidative arylation of unactive alkenes, followed by intramolecular aza-Wacker cyclization.
- Zheng, Jia,Huang, Liangbin,Huang, Chuyu,Wu, Wanqing,Jiang, Huanfeng
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p. 1235 - 1242
(2015/01/30)
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- Highly active recyclable heterogeneous Pd/ZnO nanoparticle catalyst: Sustainable developments for the C-O and C-N bond cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides under ligand-free conditions
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Efficient Pd supported on ZnO nanoparticles for the ligand-free O-arylation and N-arylation of phenols and various N-H heterocycles with aryl chlorides, bromides, and iodides were readily synthesized and characterized. The amount of palladium on ZnO is 9.84 wt% (0.005 g of the catalyst contains 462 × 10-8 mol% of Pd) which was determined by ICP analysis. This nano sized Pd/ZnO with an average particle size of 20-25 nm and specific surface area 40.61 m2 g-1 was used as a new reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the formation of C-O and C-N bonds in organic synthesis. This protocol gives the arylated product in satisfactory yields without any N2 or Ar flow. The catalyst can be recovered and recycled several times without marked loss of activity.
- Hosseini-Sarvari, Mona,Razmi, Zahra
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p. 44105 - 44116
(2014/12/10)
-
- Ligand-free copper nanoparticle promoted N-arylation of azoles with aryl and heteroaryl iodides
-
A relatively mild, efficient, and inexpensive method for the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the N-H heterocycles with various aryl and heteroaryl iodides using copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) is reported. The coupling reaction has been successfully ac
- Pai, Gita,Chattopadhyay, Asoke P.
-
supporting information
p. 941 - 944
(2014/02/14)
-
- Ligand-free copper nanoparticle promoted N-arylation of azoles with aryl and heteroaryl iodides
-
A relatively mild, efficient, and inexpensive method for the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the N-H heterocycles with various aryl and heteroaryl iodides using copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) is reported. The coupling reaction has been successfully ac
- Pai, Gita,Chattopadhyay, Asoke P.
-
supporting information
p. 941 - 944
(2015/03/03)
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- Copper-catalysed N-arylation of pyrrole with aryl iodides under ligand-free conditions
-
A simple, inexpensive and ligand-free copper-catalysed N-arylation of pyrrole with aryl iodides has been developed giving N-arylated products in moderate to excellent yields. The catalyst loading is relative low (5 mol%) and the catalyst system was stable in air.
- Liu, Lili,Wu, Fengtian,Liu, Yan,Xie, Jianwei,Dai, Bin,Zhou, Zhuoqiang
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p. 180 - 182
(2014/04/17)
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- L-(+)-Tartaric acid and choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent: An efficient and reusable medium for synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles via Clauson-Kaas reaction
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l-(+)-Tartaric acid-choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent has been found to be an effective promoted medium for Clauson-Kaas reaction of aromatic amines and 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran. Structurally diverse N-substituted pyrroles were obtained in high to excellent yields under mild conditions. The deep eutectic solvent is inexpensive, non-toxic, reusable and biodegradable.
- Wang, Ping,Ma, Fei-Ping,Zhang, Zhan-Hui
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p. 259 - 262
(2014/11/07)
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- Nano sulfated titania as a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst for the synthesis of pyrroles by clauson-kaas condensation under solvent-free conditions
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A new and environmentally benign method for the preparation of N-substituted pyrroles from one-pot condensation reaction of 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran with amines and diamines in the presence of nano sulfated titania under solvent-free conditions is presented. This new protocol features simple operation, easy availability, stability, and eco-friendliness of catalyst, as well as high to excellent yields of products. In addition, we report for the first time an alternative method for the synthesis of pyrroles from aromatic amines containing the β-lactam fragment using nano sulfated titania as catalyst.
- Hosseini-Sarvari,Najafvand-Derikvandi,Jarrahpour,Heiran
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p. 1732 - 1739
(2014/05/06)
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- New pyrrole derivatives with potent tubulin polymerization inhibiting activity as anticancer agents including hedgehog-dependent cancer
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We synthesized 3-aroyl-1-arylpyrrole (ARAP) derivatives as potential anticancer agents having different substituents at the pendant 1-phenyl ring. Both the 1-phenyl ring and 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)carbonyl moieties were mandatory to achieve potent inhi
- La Regina, Giuseppe,Bai, Ruoli,Coluccia, Antonio,Famiglini, Valeria,Pelliccia, Sveva,Passacantilli, Sara,Mazzoccoli, Carmela,Ruggieri, Vitalba,Sisinni, Lorenza,Bolognesi, Alessio,Rensen, Whilelmina Maria,Miele, Andrea,Nalli, Marianna,Alfonsi, Romina,Di Marcotullio, Lucia,Gulino, Alberto,Brancale, Andrea,Novellino, Ettore,Dondio, Giulio,Vultaggio, Stefania,Varasi, Mario,Mercurio, Ciro,Hamel, Ernest,Lavia, Patrizia,Silvestri, Romano
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p. 6531 - 6552
(2014/10/16)
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- An elegant protocol for the synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles through C-N cross coupling/aromatization process using CuFe2O4 nanoparticles as catalyst under ligand-free conditions
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A simple and efficient, ligand-free C-N cross-coupling of aryl halides/benzyl bromides with trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline has been developed to produce aromatized N-substituted pyrroles, using a catalytic amount of magnetically separable and recyclable CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, in the presence of Cs2CO3 in DMSO at 100 °C.
- Satish,Reddy, K. Harsha Vardhan,Ramesh,Kumar, B.S.P. Anil,Nageswar
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supporting information
p. 2596 - 2599
(2014/05/06)
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- An examination of the palladium/Mor-DalPhos catalyst system in the context of selective ammonia monoarylation at room temperature
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An examination of the [{Pd(cinnamyl)Cl}2]/Mor-DalPhos (Mor-DalPhos=di(1-adamantyl)-2-morpholinophenylphosphine) catalyst system in Buchwald-Hartwig aminations employing ammonia was conducted to better understand the catalyst formation process and to guide the development of precatalysts for otherwise challenging room-temperature ammonia monoarylations. The combination of [{Pd(cinnamyl)Cl}2] and Mor-DalPhos afforded [(κ 2-P,N-Mor-DalPhos)Pd(η1-cinnamyl)Cl] (2), which, in the presence of a base and chlorobenzene, generated [(κ2-P,N- Mor-DalPhos)Pd(Ph)Cl] (1 a). Halide abstraction from 1 a afforded [(κ3-P,N,O-Mor-DalPhos)Pd(Ph)]OTf (5), bringing to light a potential stabilizing interaction that is offered by Mor-DalPhos. An examination of [(κ2-P,N-Mor-DalPhos)Pd(aryl)Cl] (1 b-f) and related precatalysts for the coupling of ammonia and chlorobenzene at room temperature established the suitability of 1 a in such challenging applications. The scope of reactivity for the use of 1 a (5 mol %) encompassed a range of (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halides (X=Cl, Br, I, OTs) with diverse substituents (alkyl, aryl, ether, thioether, ketone, amine, fluoro, trifluoromethyl, and nitrile), including chemoselective arylations. Copyright
- Alsabeh, Pamela G.,Lundgren, Rylan J.,McDonald, Robert,Johansson Seechurn, Carin C. C.,Colacot, Thomas J.,Stradiotto, Mark
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supporting information
p. 2131 - 2141
(2013/03/14)
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- Synthesis of pyrrole derivatives from diallylamines by one-pot tandem ring-closing metathesis and metal-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation
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A series of aryl-substituted pyrrole derivatives was synthesized from diallylamines through a ruthenium carbene catalyzed ring-closing metathesis reaction and in situ oxidative dehydrogenation reaction catalyzed by FeCl 3·6H2O or CuCl2·2H2O in the presence of O2. The reaction was mild, simple, and convenient. An oxygen atmosphere played a critical role in obtaining high conversion of substituted pyrroles in the proposed catalytic system.
- Chen, Weiqiang,Wang, Jianhui
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supporting information
p. 1958 - 1963
(2013/05/08)
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- A recyclable magnetic nanoparticles supported antimony catalyst for the synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles in water
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A new magnetic nanoparticle-supported antimony catalyst was prepared and evaluated as a recoverable catalyst for Clauson-Kaas reaction. The reaction proceeds efficiently in aqueous medium to give the corresponding N-substituted pyrroles in high yield. The immobilized catalyst could be easily recovered by magnetic separation and recycled for six times without significant loss of its catalytic activity.
- Ma, Fei-Ping,Li, Pei-He,Li, Bao-Le,Mo, Li-Ping,Liu, Ning,Kang, Hui-Jun,Liu, Ya-Nan,Zhang, Zhan-Hui
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- Squaric acid catalyzed simple synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles in green reaction media
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An operationally simple and efficient protocol for squaric acid catalyzed synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles via the reaction of 2,5- dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and 2,5-hexandione with aryl amines in green reaction media (water, deep eutectic solvent, and polyethylene glycol) under ultrasound irradiation or thermal conditions in good to excellent yields has been developed.
- Azizi, Najmadin,Davoudpour, Anahita,Eskandari, Farshid,Batebi, Ehlham
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p. 405 - 409
(2013/05/09)
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- Octanuclear Cu(I)-dithiophosphates: An efficient catalyst system for N-arylation of azoles, amines, and amides
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The formation of a C-N bond via the cross-couplings of aryl iodides with azoles, aryl amine, and amides can be successfully achieved in decent yield by the utilization of both [Cu8(H){S2P(OiPr) 2}6]+ and [Cu8{S2P(OEt) 2}6]2+ as the pre-catalysts.
- Wu, Cheng-Chieh,Lee, Bo-Han,Liao, Ping-Kuei,Fang, Ching-Shiang,Liu
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experimental part
p. 480 - 484
(2012/07/30)
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- Synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles under catalyst-and solvent-free conditions
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N-Substituted pyrroles were synthesized under neat conditions by the reaction of aromatic amines with 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in excellent yields.
- Ramesh, Katla,Murthy, Sabbavarapu Narayana,Nageswar, Yadavalli Venkata Durga
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experimental part
p. 2471 - 2477
(2012/06/29)
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- Novel approach for the synthesis of N-Substituted pyrroles starting directly from nitro compounds in water
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A novel approach for a facile high-yielding synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles has been discovered by the treatment of nitroarenes with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran using indium in dilute aqueous HCl at room temperature. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Das, Biswanath,Shinde, Digambar Balaji,Kanth, Boddu Shashi,Kumar, Jayprakash Narayan
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experimental part
p. 548 - 553
(2011/11/29)
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- Cu(OAc)2·H2O-catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles
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In the absence of any additional ligands, the efficient N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aryl iodides catalyzed by relative low catalyst amount of Cu(OAc)2·H2O was developed. This simple catalytic system is involved in the C-N cross-coupling reaction and works for a variety of pyrazole, pyrrole, imidazole, triazole, indole, benzoimidazole, benzotriazole, carbazole, and anilines as well as aryl iodides with different electronic properties. Highly efficient copper(II)-catalyzed N-arylation protocol was established.
- Xu, Zhong-Lin,Li, Hong-Xi,Ren, Zhi-Gang,Du, Wei-Yuan,Xu, Wei-Chang,Lang, Jian-Ping
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5282 - 5288
(2011/08/04)
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- Influencing the electronic interaction in diferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrroles
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Functionalised diferrocenyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrroles were synthesised using Negishi C,C cross-coupling reactions. The influence of different substituents at the phenyl moiety on the electronic interaction was studied using electrochemistry (cyclic and square-
- Hildebrandt, Alexander,Lang, Heinrich
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scheme or table
p. 11831 - 11837
(2011/12/13)
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- Unique chemoselective Clauson-Kass reaction of substituted aniline catalyzed by MgI2 etherate
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Clauson-Kass reaction of various substituted aniline, primary aryl amide, and sufonyl amide with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran was realized in the presence of 10 mol % of MgI2 etherate in a mild, efficient, and highly chemoselective manner. Iodide counterion and solvents (i.e., MeCN) played the critical roles for the unique reactivity of this catalytic system.
- Zhang, Xingxian,Shi, Junchen
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experimental part
p. 898 - 903
(2011/03/19)
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- Tungstophosphoric acid supported on silica gel (H3PW 12O40/SiO2) as an eco-friendly, reusable and heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of pyrroles in solution or under solvent-free microwave irradiation
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Heteropoly acid supported on silica gel (H3PW12O 40/SiO2) is easily used as a heterogonous, reusable and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of N-substituted, 2- and 3-unsubstituted pyrroles in solution or under solvent-free microwave irradiation. The catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for several times without loss of activity.
- Jafari,Mahmoudi,Mirjalili
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experimental part
p. 851 - 856
(2012/06/18)
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