AA: activation analysis; atomic absorption
AAF: acetylaminofluorene
AAPCC: American Association of Poison Control Centers
AAS: atomic absorption spectrophotometry
ABS: acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
ACh: acetylcholine
AChE: acetylcholinesterase
AcP: acid phosphatase
ACTH: adrenocorticotropic hormone
AD: Alzheimer's disease
ADH: alcohol dehydrogenase; anti-diuretic hormone
ADI: acceptable daily intake
ADP: adenosine diphosphate
AEP: auditory evoked potential
AES: atomic emission spectroscopy
AFID: alkali flame ionization detection
Ah: aromatic hydrocarbon
AHH: aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase
ai: active ingredient
AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIN: acute interstitial nephritis
ALA: aminolevulinic acid
ALAD: ²-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase
ALAS: o-aminolevulinic acid synthetase
ALAT: alanine aminotransferase
ALC: approximate lethal concentration
ALD: approximate lethal dose
ALMS: atomic line molecular spectrometry
ALT: alanine aminotransferase
AM: alveolar macrophages
: amperometric titration
AMPA: aminomethylphosphonic acid
: alpha-naphthylthiourea
AP: alkaline phosphatase
APDM: aminopyrine-N-demethylase
APP: ammonium polyphosphate
AQG: Air Quality Guidelines
ARF: acute renal failure
ARL: acceptable or tolerable residue limit
ART: alternate reproductive test
ASAT: aspartate aminotransferase
ASV: anodic stripping voltametry
ATA: alimentary toxic aleukia
ATH: alumina trihydrate
ATPase: adenosine triphosphatase
AUC: area under the curve
AWI: acceptable or tolerable weekly intake

B: bursa-dependent
BA: 2-bromoacrolein
BAER: brainstem auditory-evoked response
BAF: bioaccumulation factor
: bronchoalveolar lavage
BBB: blood-brain barrier
BBPP: bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate
BCF: bioconcentration factor
BEA: 2-bromoethylamine
BEI: biological exposure index
BEN: Balkan endemic nephropathy
BGG: bovine gammaglobulin
BHA: butylated hydroxyanisole
BHK: baby hamster kidney
BIC:
BMAA: beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine
BMD: benchmark dose (US EPA)
BMF: biomagnification factor
BOAA: beta-N-oxalylamino-L-alanine
BOD: biochemical oxygen demand
BP: benzo[a]pyrene
BSA: bovine serum albumin
BSP: bromosulfophthalein
BUB: 2-(3-butylureido)benzimidazole
BUN: blood urea nitrogen
bw: body weight

CA: chrysanthemic acid
CALLA: common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia antigen
cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
CBF: cerebral blood flow
CC: critical concentration
CCFA: Codex Committee on Food Additives (see definition of Codex Alimentarious Commission)
CCPR: Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues
CCTTE: Computerized Listing of Chemicals Being Tested for Their Toxicological Effects (IPCS/IRPTC)
CD: cluster of differentiation; coulometric detection
cDNA: complementary DNA
CE: capillary electrophoresis
CEC: Commission of the European Communities
CEFIC: European Council of Chemical Industry Federations
CFC: chlorofluorocarbon
cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate
ChE: cholinesterase
CHO: Chinese hamster ovary
Ci: curie(s)
CI: confidence interval
CIN: chronic interstitial nephritis
CKSCC: cystic keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma
Cl₂CA: 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid
CLD: chemiluminescence nitrogen detector
CLM: chemiluminescence method
CLV: ceiling value
Cl-Vacid(= CPIA): 2-(4-chlorophenyl)isovaleric acid
CMI: cell-mediated immunity
CML: cell-mediated lympholysis
CNS: central nervous system
COD: chemical oxygen demand
CO-Hb: carboxyhaemoglobin
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COT: Committee on Toxicity (United Kingdom)
cP: centipoise(s)
CP: coproporphyrins
CPA: cyclopropane carboxylic acid
CPK: creatine phosphokinase
CRMs: certified reference materials
CSF: cerebrospinal fluid
CSM: Committee on Safety of Medicines (United Kingdom)
CT: computerized tomography
cv: coefficient of variation

: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
DAB: 4-dimethylaminobenzene
DABA: L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid
DBCP: 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane
DBP: di-n-butyl phthalate; 2,3-dibromopropanol
DBT: dibutyltin
DCB: dichlorobenzene
DCVC: S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine
DDC: diethyldithiocarbamate
: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
DEHP: diethylhexyl phthalate
DEN: diethylnitrosamine
DES: diethylstilbestrol
DFB: diflubenzuron
DFP: diisopropylfluorophosphate (a delayed neurotoxic)
DHPN: N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl) nitrosamine
DiBP: di-iso-butyl phthalate
DIDT: 5,6-dihydro-3H-imidazo (2,1-C)-1,2,4-dithiazole-3-thione
DIT: diiodotyrosine
DL: detection limit
: dimethylamine
DMBA: dimethylbenzathraline
DMF: dimethylformamide
DMP: dimethylphenol
DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid
DNCB: dinitrochlorobenzene
DNPH: 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine
DOC: dissolved organic carbon
DPASV: differential pulse anodic stripping voltametry
DPTA: diaminopropanoltetraacetic acid
DT₅₀: degradation time for 50% of a compound
: diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid

EBDC: ethylene bisdithiocarbamate
EBK: ethyl n-butyl ketone
EC: effective concentration; electron capture; emulsifiable concentrate
EC₅₀: median effective concentration
ECD: electron capture detection
ECETOC: European Chemical Industry Ecology and Toxicology Centre
ECG: electrocardiogram
ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxidation
ECOD: 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase
EDA: ethylenediamine; exploratory data analysis
EDB: 1,2-dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide)
EDCF: endothelial-derived contracting factor
EDI: ethylene diisothiocyanate
EDL: electrode discharge lamp
: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
2-EE: 2-ethoxyethanol
2-EEA: 2-ethoxyethyl acetate
EEC: European Economic Community; electroencephalograph
EEG: electroencephalogram
EGF: epidermal growth factor
EH: epoxide hydratase
EHC: Environmental Health Criteria
EI: electron impact
EIFAC: European Inland Fisheries Advisory Commission of FAO
ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EMDI: estimated maximum daily intake
EMG: electromyography
EMTD: estimated maximum tolerated dose
ENG: electroneurography
ENL: erythema nodosum leprosum
ENU: ethylnitrosourea
EP: electrophoresis
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
EPDM: ethylene propylene rubber
EPI: exposure/potency index
EPS: expandable polystyrene
EQC: external quality control
EQT: environmental quality target
ERL: extraneous residue limit
EROD: 7-ethoxyresurofin-o-deethylase
ESCA: electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ESRD: end-stage renal disease
ETA: electrothermal atomization
ETD: ethylene bisthiuram disulfide
ETG: epidermal transglutaminase
ETU: ethylenethiourea
ETV: electrothermal vaporization
EU: ethyleneurea

F₀: parental generation
F₁: filial generation, first
F₂: filial generation, second
FAA: flameless atomic absorption
FACS: fluorescence activated cell sorter
FAD: flavin adenine dinucleotide
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization
FCAT: Freund's complete adjuvant test
f.c.: Field capacity
FD: fluorescence detection
FDA: Food and Drug Administration (USA)
FEF: forced expiratory flow
FEP: free erythrocyte porphyrin
FEV: forced expiratory volume
fg: femtogram (10-15g)
FI: flame ionization
FID: flame ionization detector
FMLP: formyl me leucyl phenylalanine
FMN: flavin mononucleotide
FOB: functional observational battery
FPD: flame photometric detector
FR: flame retardant
FS: fluorescence spectrophotometry
FSC: Food Safety Council (USA)
FSD: flame photometric detector selective for sulfur
FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone
FTIR: Fourier transform infrared
FVC: forced vital capacity

GA: gibberillic acid
GABA: gamma-aminobutyric acid
GAG: glycosaminoglycan
GALT: gut-associated lymphoid tissue
GAP: good agricultural practice
GBM: glomerular basement membrane
GC: gas chromatography
GC-ECD: gas chromatography with electron capture detector
GC-SIM: gas chromatography with selected ion monitoring
GDH: glutamate dehydrogenase
GDMS: glow discharge mass spectrometry
GEMS: Global Environmental Monitoring System
GESAMP: Group of Experts for the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution
GFAAS: graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
GFR: glomerular filtration rate
GGT: gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
GH: growth hormone
GI: gastrointestinal
GIFAP: International Group of National Association of Manufacturers of Agrochemical Products
             (French Acronym for: Groupement International des Associations Nationales de Fabricants de Produits Agrochimiques)
GLC: gas-liquid chromatography
GLDH: glutamate dehydrogenase
GLP: good laboratory practice
cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate
GOT: glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase
GPC: gel permeation chromatography
GPMT: guinea-pig maximization test
GPT: glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
GS: glutamine synthetase
: glutathione-SH
GST: glutathione-S-transferase
GTB: glomerular tubular balance
GV: guidance value
GWP: global-warming potential

h: hour(s)
ha: hectare
Hb: haemoglobin
HBCD: hexabromocyclododecane
HBDH: hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase
H & E: haematoxolin and eosin
HCB: hexachlorobenzene
HCBD: hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
HCFC: hydrochlorofluorocarbon
HCFH-22: chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF₂)
HCG: human chorionic gonadotropin
HCH: hexachlorocyclohexane
HDL: high density lipoprotein
HDPE: high density polyethylene
HEAL: Human Exposure Assessment Location
HECD: Hall electron capture detector
HEV: high endothelial venule
HEX: hexachlorocyclopentadiene
HGPRT: hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
HIPS: high impact polystyrene
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus
HLB: hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
HLV: hygienic limit value
hnRNA: heterogeneous nuclear RNA
HPCA: human progenitor cell antigen
HPI: cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboximide
HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography
HPTLC: high-performance thin-layer chromatography
HQ: hydroquinone
HS: headspace
HSA: heat-stable antigen; human serum albumin
HSG: Health and Safety Guide

IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer
IC: ion chromatography
ICAM: intercellular adhesion molecule
IC₅₀: median inhibitory concentration
ICD: International Classification of Diseases
ICG: indocyanine green
ICP: inductively coupled plasma
ICST: isolated cold stress testing
i.d.: internal diameter
IDMS: isotope dilution mass spectrometry
IFN: interferon
Ig: immunoglobulin
IL: interleukin
ILO: International Labour Organisation
ILSI: International Life Science Institute
im: intramuscular
ip: intraperitoneal
IPA: isopropylamine
IPCS: International Programme on Chemical Safety
IQ: intelligence quotient
IQC: internal quality control
IR: infrared
IRPTC: International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals
ISO: International Organization for Standardization
IT: isomeric transition
IU: international unit
IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
iv: intravenous

JECFA: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
JMPR: Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues

kcal: kilocalorie(s)
keV: kiloelectronvolt(s)
K_ow: octanol/water partition coefficient

LAP: leucine aminopeptidase
LAQL: lowest analytically quantifiable level
LC: liquid chromatography
LC₅₀: median lethal concentration
LD₀₁: lethal dose for 1%
LD₅₀: median lethal dose
LDH: lactate dehydrogenase
LDL: low density lipoprotein
LDPE: low density polyethylene
LDQ: lowest detectable quantity
LEI: lifetime exposure intensity
LEV: local exhaust ventilation
Lf: limit flocculation
LFA: lymphocyte function-related antigen
LFP: lavage fluid protein
LH: luteinizing hormone
LI: labelling index
LIF: laser-induced fluorescence; leukaemia inhibitory factor
LLD: lowest lethal dose
LMS: linear multistage model
LMW: low molecular weight
LOAEL: lowest-observed-adverse-effect level
LOD: limit of determination
LOEL: lowest-observed-effect level
LRNI: lower reference nutrient intake (UK)
LSC: liquid scintillation counter
LT₅₀: median lethal time
LTP: long-term potentiation

MAA: methoxyacetic acid
MAC: maximum allowable concentration
MAD: maximum allowable deviation
MAFF: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)
MAK: maximum workplace concentration (Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration)
MALT: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
MAM: methylazoxymethanol
MAP: mutagenic activity profile
MAOI: monoamine oxidase inhibitor
MARC: Monitoring and Assessment Research Centre (UK)
MARE: monoclonal anti-rat immunoglobulin E
MAS: molecular absorption spectrometry
MAT: mean absorption time
MATC: maximum acceptable toxicant concentration
MBC: minimum bactericidal concentration
MBDE: mass balance differential equation
MBK: methyl n-butyl ketone
MBP: monobutyl phthalate
MBT: monobutyltin
MC: methyl chloroform
3-MC: 3-methylcholanthrene
MCD: microcoulometric detection
MCH: mean cell haemoglobin
MCHC: mean cell haemoglobin concentration
mCi: millicurie
MCL: melanotic cell lines
: 4-chloro-o-tolyoxyacetic acid
MCV: mean cell volume
MDA: malondialdehyde
MDI: methylene-diphenyl diisocyanate
MDMA: methylenedioxymethamphetamine
2-ME: 2-methoxyethanol
2-MEA: 2-methoxyethyl acetate
MeB₁₂: methylcobalamin
MED: minimum effective dose; minimal erythemal dose
MEHP: monoethylhexyl phthalate
MEK: methyl ethyl ketone
mEq: milliequivalent
MeV: megaelectronvolt(s)
MFO: mixed-function oxidase
MHC: major histocompatibility complex
MHW: Ministry of Health and Welfare (Japan)
MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone
MIC: minimal inhibitory concentration
MIT: methylisothiocyanate; monoiodotyrosine
MLD: minimum lethal dose
MLR: mixed lymphocyte response assay
MLSS: mixed liquor suspended solids
MMA: methoxyacetic acid
MMAD: mass median aerodynamic diameter
MMH: monomethylhydrazine
mmHg: millimetre(s) of mercury
MMMF: man-made mineral fibre
MNNG: N-methyl-N -nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
MNU: N-methyl-N-nitrosurea
mPa: millipascal (7.5 x 10-6 mmHg)
MPC: maximum permissible limit
MQL: minimum quantifiable limit
MRBIS: mean running bias index score
MRL: maximum residue limit
mRNA: messenger RNA
MRVIS: Mean Running Variance Index Score
MS: mass spectrometry
MSD: mass selective detection
MSW: municipal solid waste
MTBE: methyl tertiary butyl ether
MTC: maximum tolerable or acceptable concentration
MTD: maximum tolerated dose
MTE: mild toxic encephalopathy
MTI: N-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalamide

NAA: neutron activation analysis
NAC: N-acetyl cysteine
NAD: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADP: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADPH: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NBU: N-nitrosobutylurea
NCAM: neural cell adhesion molecule
NCI: National Cancer Institute (USA); negative ion chemical ionization
NCV: nerve conduction velocity
ND: not detectable
NDDC: sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
NDMA: nitrosodimethylamine
NDMC: sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
NEQUAS: National External Quality Assessment Scheme (UK)
NFT: neurofibrillary tangle
ng: nanogram (10^-9g)
NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (USA)
NK: natural killer
nm: nanometer
NMCL: nonmelanolic cell lines
NMN: N-methylnicotinamide
NMOR: N-nitrosomorpholine
NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance
NNM: N-nitrosomorpholine
NO: nitrogen oxide
NOAEL: no-observed-adverse-effect level
NOEC: no-observed-effect concentration
NOEL: no-observed-effect level
NOLC: no-observed lethal concentration
NPD: nitrogen-phosphorus sensitive detector
NPSH: non-protein sulfhydryl
NSAID: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSD: nitrogen selective detector
NTA: nitrilotriacetic acid
NTE: neuropathy target esterase
NTEL: no-toxic-effect level
NTP: National Toxicology Program (USA)

OCT: ornithine carbamoyltransferase
ODC: ornithine decarboxylase
ODP: ozone-depletion potential
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OEL: occupational exposure limit
OER: oxygen enhancement ratio
OES: occupational exposure standard; optical emission spectrometry
OET: open epicutaneous test
OP: organophosphate
OPIDN: organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy
OR: odds ratio
OSC: oil-enhanced suspension concentrate
OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USA)
OVA: ovalbumin
OZT: oxazolidinethione

PA: polyamides
: photon activation analysis
2-PAM chloride: pralidoxine (2-pyridine aldoxime methyl) chloride
PAH: p-aminohippurate; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
PALS: periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath
PAN: peroxyacetyl nitrate; polyacrylonitrile
PAS: periodic acid Schiff stain
PB: phenobarbital
PBA: phenoxybenzoic acid
PBalc: 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol
PBald: 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde
PBB: polybrominated biphenyl
PBDD: polybrominated dibenzodioxin
PBDE: polybrominated diphenyl ether
PBDF: polybrominated dibenzofuran
PBI: protein-bound iodine
PBPK: physiologically based pharmacokinetics
PBT: polybutylene terephthalate
PCBD: S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachloro-1,3-butadienyl)
PCDD: polychlorinated dibenzodioxin
PCDF: polychlorinated dibenzofuran
PCA: para-chloroaniline (4-chloroaniline); passive cutaneous anaphylaxis
PCB: polychlorinated biphenyl
PCBD: S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachloro-1,3-butadienyl)
PCDD: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
PCDF: polychlorinated dibenzofuran
PCDPE: polychlorinated diphenylether
PCE: polychromatic erythrocytes
PCOM: phase contrast optical microscopy
PCPY: polychlorinated pyrene
PCQ: polychlorinated quaterphenyl
PCT: porphyria cutanea tarda
PCV: packed-cell volume
PD: plasma desorption
PDG: phosphate-dependent glutaminase
PE: polyethylene
PEF: peak expiratory flow
PEG: pneumoencephalography
PEL: permissible exposure limit
PET: polyethylene terephthalate
PFC: plaque-forming cell
pg: picogram (10^-12g)
PG: prostaglandin
pH: the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration
PHF: paired helical filaments
PHS: prostaglandin-H-synthetase
PIB: piperonyl butoxide
PIC: picrotoxin
PID: photo-ionization detection
PIXE: proton-induced X-ray emission
pKa: the negative logarithm of the dissociation constant
PMBA: p-methylbenzyl alcohol
PMN: polymorphonuclear leukocyte
PMTDI: provisional maximum tolerable daily intake
PMR: proportional mortality rate
PMSG: pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin
PNS: peripheral nervous system
pO2: plasma partial pressure (concentration) of oxygen
POCP: photochemical ozone-creation potential
PoG: proteoglycan
POS: psycho-organic syndrome
PP: polypropylene
ppb: parts per billion
ppm: parts per million
ppt: parts per trillion
PSD: passive sampling device
PSPS: Pesticides Safety Precautions Scheme (United Kingdom)
PT: prothrombin time
PTH: parathyroid hormone
PTT: partial thromboplastin time
PTU: propylenethiourea
PTWI: provisional tolerable weekly intake
PTZ: pentylenetetrazole
PVC: polyvinyl chloride
PYR: pyrene

QA: quality assurance
QAP: quality assurance programme
QC: quality control
QSAR: quantitative structure-activity relationship

RACB: reproductive assessment by continuous breeding
RAST: radioallergosorbent test
RBC: red blood cell
RBP: retinal binding protein
RDA: recommended dietary allowance (USA)
REL: recommended exposure limit
RER: rough endoplasmic reticulum
RIA: radio-immuno assay
RIPT: repeat insult patch test
RMA: reflex modification audiometry
RNA: ribonucleic acid
RNI: reference nutrient intake (UK)
ROC: reactive organic carbon
RPN: renal papillary necrosis
RR: relative risk
RTECS: Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances
RUBISCO: ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase

S9: 9000 x g supernatant
SAM: S-adenosylmethionine
SAP: serum alkaline phosphatase
SAR: structure-activity relationship
sc: subcutaneous
SC: suspension concentrate
SCE: sister chromatid exchange
SCF: stem-cell factor
SCID: severe combined immunodeficiency
SCOPE: Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment of the International Council of Scientific Unions
SD: standard deviation
SDAT: senile dementia of Alzheimer type
SE: standard error
SEM: standard error of the mean; scanning electron microscopy
SER: smooth endoplasmic reticulum
SFC: supercritical fluid chromatography
SFS: subjective facial sensation
SGOMSEC: Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals
SGOT: serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase
SGPT: serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
SHE: Syrian Hamster embryo
SIM: selected ion monitoring
SIMS: secondary ion mass spectrometry
SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus
SMA: sequential multiple analyser
SMR: standardized mortality ratio
SOP: standard operating procedure
SPF: specific pathogen free
SPM: suspended particulate matter
S-PMA: S-phenyl-mercapturic acid
SRT: simple reaction time
SSB: single strand breaks
STEL: short-term exposure limit

t₃: triiodothyronine
t₄: thyroxine
2,4,5-T: 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
TADI: temporary acceptable daily intake
TAN: tropical ataxic neuropathy
TAP: trialkyl/aryl phosphate
TBBPA: tetrabromobisphenol A
TBG: thyroxine-binding globulin
TBP: tributyl phosphate
TBPP: tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate
TBT: tributyltin
TBTO: tributyltin oxide
TCA: tricarboxylic acid cycle
TCD: thermal conductivity detection
: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin
TCDF: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran
TCE: 1,1,1-trichloroethylene
TCP: trichlorophenol; tricresyl phosphate
TCPP: tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate
TCR: T-cell receptor
TDC: thermal conductivity detection
TDI: tolerable daily intake; toluene diisocyanate
TDLAS: tuneable diode laser absorption spectrometry
TEA: tetraethyl ammonium; thermal energy analyser
TEAC: tetraethylammonium chloride
TEAM: total exposure assessment methodology
TEF: toxicity equivalency factor
TEPP: tetraethyl-pyrophosphate
TGA: thermogravimetric analysis
TH: thyroid hormone
THF: tetrahydrofolate
TI: tolerable intake
TLC: thin-layer chromatography
TLV: threshold limit value
TMCP: tri-meta-cresyl phosphate
TMDI: theoretical maximum daily intake
TML: tetramethyllead
TMRL: temporary maximum residue limit
TMT: trimethyltin
TNF: tumour necrosis factor
TOCP: tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate
TOD: total oxygen demand
TPA: 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
TPCP: tri-para-cresyl phosphate
TPI: 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide
TPIA: 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid
TPN: total parenteral nutrition
TPO: thyroid peroxidase
TPP: triphenyl phosphate
TPTA: triphenyltin acetate
TPTH: triphenyltin hydroxide
tRNA: transfer ribonucleic acid
TRP: tubular reabsorption of phosphate
: thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
TSP: total suspended particulate
TST: temperature sensitivity
TT: toxicity threshold
TWA: time-weighted average

UCM: urographic contrast medium
UCL: upper confidence limit
UDP: uridine diphosphate
UDPGA: UDP-glucuronic acid
UDPGT: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
UDS: unscheduled DNA synthesis
UF: uncertainty factor
ULV: ultra-low volume

UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme
UNICEF: United Nations Children's Fund
US ATSDR: US Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry
UV: ultraviolet
UVB: ultraviolet B

VC: vinyl chloride
VCAM: vascular cell adhesion molecule
VER: visual evoked response
VHH: volatile halogenated hydrocarbon
VLA: very late antigen
VLDL: very low-density lipoproteins
VOC: volatile organic carbon compound
VSD: virtually safe dose
VTR: vibration threshold
v/v: volume per volume

WAIS: Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale
WBC: white blood cell
WG: water-dispersible granule
WHO: World Health Organization
WISN: warfarin-induced skin necrosis
WP: wettable powder
w/v: weight per volume 

XRF: X-ray-generated atomic fluorescence
XRFS: X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

ZPP: zinc protoporphyrin